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Azvudine is a thymus-homing anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug effective in treating COVID-19 patients

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第1期7卷 228-242页

作者： Jin-Lan Zhang Yu-Huan Li Lu-Lu Wang Hong-Qi Liu Shuai-yao Lu yong Liu Ke Li Bin Liu Su-Yun Li Feng-Min Shao Kun Wang Ning Sheng Rui Li Jin-Jin Cui Pei-chun Sun chun-Xia Ma bo Zhu Zhe Wang Yuan-Hao Wan Shi-Shan Yu yongsheng Che Chao-yang Wang chen Wang Qiangqian Zhang Li-Min Zhao Xiao-Zhong Peng Zhenshun cheng Jun-Biao Chang jian-Dong jiang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100050China Institute of Medical Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeKunming 650031 YunnanChina Genuine Biotech.Inc. Pingdingshan 467000 HenanChina Department of Respiratory Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan Research Center for Infectious Diseases and CancerWuhan 430071 HubeiChina The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine Zhengzhou 450000 HenanChina Department of Internal Medicine Henan Provincial Peoples HospitalZhengzhou 450003 HenanChina Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang 453007 HenanChina National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China School of Chemistry Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001 HenanChina

Azvudine(FNC)is a nucleoside analog that inhibits HIV-1 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase(RdRp).Recently,we discovered FNC an agent against SARS-CoV-2,and have taken it into Phase III trial for COVID-19 *** monophosphate analog inhibited SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 coronavirus with an EC_(50) between 1.2 and 4.3 μM,depending on viruses or cells,and selective index(SI)in 15-83 *** administration of FNC in rats revealed a substantial thymus-homing feature,with FNC triphosphate(the active form)concentrated in the thymus and peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC).Treating SARS-CoV-2 infected rhesus macaques with FNC(0.07 mg/kg, qd,orally)reduced viral load,recuperated the thymus,improved lymphocyte profiles,alleviated in flammation and orga n damage,and lessened grou nd・glass opacities in chest *** gle-cell seque ncing suggested the promotion of thymus function by FNC.A randomized,single-arm clinical trial of FNC on compassionate use(n=31)showed that oral FNC(5 mg,qd)cured all COVID-19 patients,with 100%viral ribonucleic acid negative conversion in 3.29±2.22 days(range:1-9 days)and 100%hospital discharge rate in 9.00±4.93 days(range:2-25 days).The side-effect of FNC is minor and transient dizziness and nausea in 16.12%(5/31)***,FNC might cure COVID-19 through its anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity concentrated in the thymus,followed by promoted immunity.

关键词： patients inhibited concentrated

Data processing and data products from 2017 to 2019 campaign of astronomical site testing at Ali,Daocheng and Muztagh-ata

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第6期20卷 109-130页

作者： Zi-Huang Cao Jin-Xin Hao Lu Feng Hugh RAJones jian Li Jing Xu Li-yong Liu Teng-Fei Song jian-Feng Wang Hua-Lin chen Yan-Jie Xue Huang Shen yong-Heng Zhao Zhao-Xiang Qi jian-Rong Shi Yuan Tian Zheng Wang Xia Wang Jin-Liang Hou Jin-Ming Bai Ji yang Xu Zhou yong-Qiang yao Jia Yin Ali Esamdin Guang-Xin Pu Peng Wei chun-Hai Bai Guo-Jie Feng Lu Ma Xuan Zhang Yu Liu Chong Pei Zhi-Xia Shen Yun-Ying jiang jian-Feng Tian Xian-Qun Zeng Zhi-Gang Hou Xu yang Jun-bo Zhang Shi-Long Liao Dong-Wei Fan Yun-Fei Xu jian-Ping Xiong Tai-Sheng Yan Xi Zhang Chang-Hua Li Yi-Han Tao Si-cheng Yu Zhi-Song Cao Hong-Shuai Wang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Centre for Astrophysics University of HertfordshireHatfieldUK School of Journalism Communication University of ChinaBeijing 100024China Nanjing Institute of Astronomical Optics&Technology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210042China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210033China Beijing Kaiyang Space Technology Co. LtdBeijing 100085China

Based on previous site testing and satellite cloud data,Ali,Daocheng and Muztagh-ata have been selected as candidate sites for the Large Optical/Infrared Telescope(LOT) in *** present the data collection,processing,management and quality analysis for our site testing based on using similar *** analyze meteorological data,seeing,background light,cloud and precipitable water vapor data from 2017 March 10 to 2019 March *** also investigated the relative usefulness of our all-sky camera data in comparison to that from the meteorological TERRA satellite data based on a night-by-night comparison of the correlation and consistency between *** find a 6% discrepancy arising from a wide range of factors.

关键词： LOT Site-selection-data processing

Long-term analysis of clear nights using satellite data considering astronomical sites in western China

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020年第6期20卷 96-108页

作者： Zi-Huang Cao Li-yong Liu yong-Heng Zhao Lu Feng Hugh RAJones Huang Shen Jin-Xin Hao Yan-Jie Xue yong-Qiang yao Jing Xu Ali Esamdin Zhao-Xiang Qi jian-Rong Shi jian Li Yuan Tian Zheng Wang Tai-Sheng Yan Xia Wang jian-Ping Xiong Si-cheng Yu Jun-bo Zhang Zhi-Xia Shen Yun-Ying jiang Jia Yin Guang-Xin Pu Peng Wei chun-Hai Bai Guo-Jie Feng Lu Ma Teng-Fei Song jian-Feng Wang jian-Feng Tian Xian-Qun Zeng Zhi-Gang Hou Shi-Long Liao Zhi-Song Cao Dong-Wei Fan Yun-Fei Xu Chang-Hua Li Yi-Han Tao National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 200030China Centre for Astrophysics University of HertfordshireHatfieldUK School of Journalism.Communication University of China Beijing 100024China Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China

A large ground-based optical/infrared telescope is being planned for a world-class astronomical site in *** cloud-free night percentage is the primary meteorological consideration for evaluating candidate *** data from GMS and NOAA satellites and the MODIS instrument were utilized in this research,covering the period from 1996 to *** data analysis benefits from overlapping results from different independent teams as well as a uniform analysis of selected sites using GMS+NOAA *** significant ground-based monitoring is needed to validate these findings,we identify three different geographical regions with a high percentage of cloud-free conditions(~83%on average),which is slightly lower than at Mauna Kea and Cerro Armazones(~85%on average)and were chosen for the large international projects TMT and ELT *** study finds evidence that cloud distributions and the seasonal changes affected by the prevailing westerly winds and summer monsoons reduce the cloud cover in areas influenced by the *** is consistent with the expectations from climate change models and is suggestive that most of the identified sites will have reduced cloud cover in the future.

关键词： methods statistical-site testing-atmospheric effects-MODIS

Detection of an anti-angina therapeutic module in the effective population treated by a multi-target drug Danhong injection:a randomized trial

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第10期6卷 3009-3018页

作者： Jun Liu Dan-Dan Li Wei Dong Yu-Qi Liu yang Wu Da-Xuan Tang Fu-chun Zhang Meng Qiu Qi Hua Jing-Yu He Jun Li Bai Du Ting-Hai Du Lin-Lin Niu Xue-Jun jiang bo Cui jiang-Bin chen yang-Gan Wang Hai-Rong Wang Qin Yu Jing He Yi-Lin Mao Xiao-Fang Bin Yue Deng Yu-Dan Tian Qing-Hua Han Da-Jin Liu Li-Qin Duan Ming-Jun Zhao Cui-Ying Zhang Hai-Ying Dai Ze-Hua Li Ying Xiao You-Zhi Hu Xiao-Yu Huang Kun Xing Xin jiang Chao-Feng Liu Jing An Feng-chun Li Tao Tao Jin-Fa jiang Ying yang yao-Rong Dong Lei Zhang Guang Fu Ying Li Shu-Wei Huang Li-Ping Dou Lan-Jun Sun Ying-Qiang Zhao Jie Li Yun Xia Jun Liu Fan Liu Wen-Jin He Ying Li jian-Cong Tan yang Lin Ya-Bin Zhou jian-Fei yang Guo-Qing Ma Hui-Jun chen He-Ping Liu Zong-Wu Liu jian-Xiong Liu Xiao-Jia Luo Xiao-Hong Bin Ya-Nan Yu Hai-Xia Dang Bing Li Fei Teng Wang-Min Qiao Xiao-Long Zhu Bing-Wei chen Qi-Guang chen chun-Ti Shen yong-Yan Wang Yun-Dai chen Zhong Wang Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Dongfang Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina Department of Geratology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Xuan Wu HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Cardiology Guang'anmen HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhouHenanChina Department of Cardiology Wuhan University Renmin HospitalWuhanHubeiChina Department of Cardiology Wuhan University Zhongnan HospitalWuhanHubeiChina Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University DalianLiaoningChina Department of Cardiology Second Affiliated Hospital to Hunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaHunanChina Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital to Changchun University of Chinese MedicineChangchunJilinChina Department of Cardiology First Affiliated Hospital to Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanShanxiChina Department of Cardiology Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi University of Chinese MedicineXianyangShanxiChina Department of Cardiology Changsha Central HospitalChangshaHunanChina Department of Cardiology Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineWuhanHubeiChina Department of Cardiology Shanxi Provincial People's HospitalXi'anShanxiChina Department of Cardiology Shanxi Province Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineXi'anShanxiChina Department of Cardiology Xi'an City Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineXi'anShanxiChina Department of Cardiology Shanghai Tongji HospitalShanghaiChina Department of Cardiology Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina Department of Cardiology The First Hospital of ChangshaChangshaHunanChina Department of Cardiology Xinhua Hospi

It's a challenge for detecting the therapeutic targets of a polypharmacological drug from variations in the responsed networks in thedfferentiated populations with complex diseases,as stable coronary heart ***,in an adaptive,31-center,randomized,double-blind trial invoving 920 patients with moderate symptomatic stable angina treated by 14-day Danhong injection(DHI),a kind of polyphamacological drug with high quality control,or placebo(0.9%saline),with 76-day following-up,we firstly confrmed that DHl couldincrease the proportion of patients with clinically significant changes on angina-frequency assessed by Seattle Angina Questionnaire(ASAQ-AF220)(12.78%at Day 30,95%confidence interval[C]5.86-19.71%,P=0.0003,13.82%at Day 6C0,95%CI 6.82-20.82%,P=0.0001and 8.95%at Day 90,95%CI 2.06-15.85%,P=0.01).We also found that there were no significant differences in new-onset major vascularevents(P=0.8502)and serious adverse events(P=0.9105)between DHl and *** performing the RNA sequencing in 62 selectedpatients,we developed a systemic modular approach tp identfy differentilly expressed modules(DEMs)of DHI with the Z_(summay)valueless than 0 compared with the control group,calculated by weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and sketched out thebasic framework on a modular map with 25 functional modules targeted by ***,the effective therapeutic module(ETM),defined as the highest corelation value with the phenotype alteration(SAQ-AF,the change in SAQ-AF at Day 30 from baseline)calculatedby WGCNA,was identifed in the population with the best effect(ASAQ-AF240),which is related to anticoagulation and regulation ofcholesterol *** assessed the modular flexbility of this ETM using the global topological D value based on Euclidean distance,which is corelated with phenotype alteration(r^(2):0.8204,P=0.019)by linear *** study identified the ant-angina therapeuticmodule in the effective population treated by the multi-target

关键词： angina injection sketch

A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia(standard version)

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Military Medical Research 2020年第1期7卷 1-22页

作者： Ying-Hui Jin Lin Cai Zhen-Shun cheng Hong cheng Tong Deng Yi-Pin Fan cheng Fang Di Huang Lu-Qi Huang Qiao Huang yong Han bo Hu Fen Hu Bing-Hui Li Yi-Rong Li Ke Liang Li-Kai Lin Li-Sha Luo Jing Ma Lin-Lu Ma Zhi-yong Peng Yun-Bao Pan Zhen-Yu Pan Xue-Qun Ren Hui-Min Sun Ying Wang Yun-Yun Wang Hong Weng Chao-Jie Wei Dong-Fang Wu jian Xia yong Xiong Hai-bo Xu Xiao-Mei yao Yu-Feng Yuan Tai-Sheng Ye Xiao-chun Zhang Ying-Wen Zhang Yin-Gao Zhang Hua-Min Zhang Yan Zhao Ming-Juan Zhao Hao Zi Xian-Tao Zeng yong-Yan Wang Xing-Huan Wang 无 Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Institute of Hospital Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Respiratory Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Pharmacy Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Institute of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000China China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Beijing 100700China China Center for Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(CCEBTCM) Beijing 100700China Department of Critical Care Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Clinical Laboratory Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Infectious Diseases Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Division of Medical Affairs Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Division of Nursing Affairs Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Office of Nosocomial Infection Control Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Emergency Center Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Radiology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Health Research Methods Evidenceand ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8S 4L8Canada Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Global Health Institute Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Novel Coronavirus Management and Research Team Evidence-Based Medicine Chapter of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care(CPAM)

In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development;we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.

关键词： 2019 novel coronavirus 2019-nCoV Respiratory disease Pneumonia Infectious diseases Rapid advice guideline Clinical practice guideline Evidence-based medicine

Timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846–031 with Insight-HXMT monitoring

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第3期21卷 193-204页

作者： He-Xin Liu Yue Huang Guang-cheng Xiao Qing-Cui Bu Jin-Lu Qu Shu Zhang shuang-Nan Zhang Shu-Mei Jia Fang-Jun Lu Xiang Ma Lian Tao Wei Zhang Li chen Li-Ming Song Ti-Pei Li Yu-Peng Xu Xue-Lei Cao yong chen Cong-Zhan Liu Ce Cai Zhi Chang Gang chen Tian-Xiang chen Yi-Bao chen Yu-Peng chen Wei Cui Wei-Wei Cui Jing-Kang Deng yong-Wei Dong Yuan-Yuan Du Min-Xue Fu Guan-Hua Gao He Gao Min Gao Ming-Yu Ge Yu-Dong Gu Ju Guan cheng-cheng Guo Da-Wei Han Jia Huo Lu-Hua jiang Wei-chun jiang Jing Jin yong-Jie Jin Ling-Da Kong Bing Li cheng-Kui Li Gang Li Mao-Shun Li Wei Li Xian Li Xiao-bo Li Xu-Fang Li yang-Guo Li Zheng-Wei Li Xiao-Hua Liang Jing-Yuan Liao Bai-Sheng Liu Guo-Qing Liu Hong-Wei Liu Xiao-Jing Liu Yi-Nong Liu bo Lu Xue-Feng Lu Qi Luo Tao Luo Bin Meng Yi Nang jian-Yin Nie Ge Ou Na Sai Ren-cheng Shang Xin-Ying Song Liang Sun Ying Tan You-Li Tuo chen Wang Guo-Feng Wang Juan Wang Ling-Jun Wang Weng-Shuai Wang Yu-Sa Wang Xiang-yang Wen Bai-yang Wu bo-Bing Wu Mei Wu Shuo Xiao Shao-Lin Xiong He Xu Jia-Wei yang Sheng yang Yan-Ji yang Yi-Jung yang Qi-Bin Yi Qian-Qing Yin Yuan You Ai-Mei Zhang cheng-Mo Zhang Fan Zhang Hong-Mei Zhang Juan Zhang Tong Zhang Wan-Chang Zhang Wen-Zhao Zhang Yi Zhang Yi-Fei Zhang yong-Jie Zhang Yuan-Hang Zhang Yue Zhang Zhao Zhang Zhi Zhang Zi-Liang Zhang Hai-Sheng Zhao Xiao-Fan Zhao Shi-Jie Zheng yao-Guang Zheng Deng-Ke Zhou jian-Feng Zhou Yu-Xuan Zhu Ren-Lin Zhuang Yue Zhu Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institut fur Astronomie und Astrophysik Kepler Center for Astro and Particle PhysicsEberhard Karls Universität72076 TubingenGermany Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100088China Department of Astronomy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and Technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Physics Sciences&Technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002Hebei ProvinceChina

We present the observational results from a detailed timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 during its outburst in 2019 with the observations of Insight-HXMT,NICER and *** outburst can be classified roughly into four different ***-C quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs)observed by NICER(about 0.1-6 Hz)and Insight-HXMT(about 0.7-8 Hz)are also reported in this ***,we study various physical quantities related to QPO *** QPO rms-frequency relationship in the energy band 1-10 keV indicates that there is a turning pointing in frequency around2 Hz,which is similar to that of GRS 1915+105.A possible hypothesis for the relationship above may be related to the inclination of the source,which may require a high inclination to explain *** relationships between QPO frequency and QPO rms,hardness,total fractional rms and count rate have also been found in other transient sources,which can indicate that the origin of type-C QPOs is non-thermal.

关键词： X-ray binaries black hole candidate QPO EXO 1846–031

Diagnosis and Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma: A Consensus from Surgical Specialists of China

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2014年第4期34卷 469-475页

作者： jian-qiang Cai Shou-wang Cai Wen-ming Cong Min-shan chen Ping chen Xiao-ping chen Yan-ling chen Yi-fa chen Chao-liu Dai Qiang Huang Zhi-yong Huang bo jiang Bin jiang Ke-wei jiang bo Li Zong-fangLi Li-jian Liang Bin Liu Hui-chun Liu Lian-xin Liu Qing-guang Liu Rong Liu Ying-bin Liu jian-guo Lu Shi-chun Lu Yi Lu Yi-lei Mao Bin Mei Jun Niu Bao-gang Peng Xiao Qin Yu-dong Qiu Guang-yi Wang yao-don Wangg Zhi-ming Wang Ren-hua Wan Ya-fu Wu Bao-cai Xing Feng Xia Ge-liang Xu Jia-mei yang Xiao-fang Yu yong Zeng yong-yi Zeng Bi-xiang Zhang Bin-hao Zhang Qi-yu Zhang Shui-jun Zhang Wan-guang Zhang yong-jie Zhang Zhi-wei Zhang Dong Zhou Wei-ping Zhou Cancer Institute and Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Chinese PLA General Hospital Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of Second Military Medical University Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center Daping Hospital of Third Military Medical University Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University Anhui Provincial Hospital Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine Peking University People’s Hospital West China Hospital Sichuan University The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University The First Affiliated Hospital Sun Yat-sen University First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiao Tong University Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Tangdu Hospital of Fourth Military Medical University Peking Union Medical College Hospital Qilu Hospital of Shandong University The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Jilin University Fujian Provincial Hospital Xiangya Hospital of Central South University The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Beijing Cancer Hospital Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University Shenzhen People’s Hospital The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital

Cholangiocarcinoma refers to malignant tumors that develop in epithelial lining of biliary system, and it is divided into two categories according to tumor location, intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ICC） and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma （ECC）. ICC occurs from the epithelial cells of the intrahepatic bile duct, its branches and interlobular biliary tree; and ECC is divided into hilar cholangiocarcinoma and distal cholangiocarcinoma by the circumscription at the confluence of cystic duct and the common hepatic duct.

关键词： A Consensus from Surgical Specialists of China Diagnosis and Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma

Chinese Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy

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国际感染病学（电子版） 2012年第3期1卷 151-176页

作者： Xin-yue chen Jun cheng Fang-ling Duan jian-gao Fan Xiao-ling Fan Li-min Guo Ming-zhou Guo Tao Han Jing-yuan Liu Xiong Ma Wei Shen Shi-guang Feng Xian-bo Wang Yun Wu Wen Xie yao Xie Hui-chun Xing Ping-geYuan yong-ping yang Fu-kui Zhang Institute of Infectious Diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical University

Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)is a complex,neuropsychiatric abnormality that occurs as a consequence of metabolic disorders in patients with hepatic *** pathogenesis is complex with a strong prognosticator of *** standardize the clinical management of HE,relevant new data were reviewed and assessed by Chinese Committee of Experts on Hepatic Encephalopathy in China and was discussed and debated *** the consensus on the management of HE was *** final recommendations are based on the data available at the time of production of the document and may be updated with pertinent scientific developments at a later *** the discussion was organized by the editorial board of Chinese Journal of Experimental and Clinical Infectious Diseases(Electronic Edition),Chinese Journal of Liver Diseases(Electronic Edition)and Infection International(Electronic Edition).The evidence gradings in the consensus are listed in Table1.

关键词： encephalopathy consensus ammonia Infection editorial discussion assessed listed cirrhosis document

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激光二极管抽运Nd:YAG双薄片激光器

中国激光 2005年第4期32卷 457-460页

作者：姚震宇吕百达蒋建锋涂波唐淳武德勇童立新周唐建四川大学激光物理与化学研究所四川成都610064 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所四川绵阳621900

激光介质的热效应是高平均功率固体激光器面临的最大挑战,采用薄片激光介质是解决热效应的有效手段之一。当在抽运区尺寸远大于薄片厚度并且抽运光均匀分布的条件下,热流近似为沿厚度方向的一维分布,从而大大降低介质的热透镜效应和热... 详细信息

激光介质的热效应是高平均功率固体激光器面临的最大挑战,采用薄片激光介质是解决热效应的有效手段之一。当在抽运区尺寸远大于薄片厚度并且抽运光均匀分布的条件下,热流近似为沿厚度方向的一维分布,从而大大降低介质的热透镜效应和热致应力双折射。设计了四通光学耦合系统,通过提高二极管激光器阵列输出激光强度分布的均匀性,并优化经微柱透镜准直后光束的发散角,实现了抽运光的近平顶分布。采用两片1 mm厚的Nd∶YAG薄片激光介质,在两个峰值功率2000 W,占空比为15%的二极管激光器阵列抽运下,获得了峰值功率1440 W,平均功率216 W的准连续激光输出,光光转换效率达到36%,电光转换效率超过16%,在稳腔下测得的光束质量M2 因子约为12×13。

关键词：激光技术薄片激光器激光二极管抽运抽运光近平顶分布