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Optimized online filter stack spectrometer for ultrashort X-ray pulses

Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 85-98页

作者： jia-xing wen Ge Ma Ming-Hai Yu Yu-Chi Wu Yong-Hong Yan Shao-Yi Wang Huai-Zhong Gao Lu-Shan Wang Yu-Gang Zhou Qiang Li Yue Yang Fang Tan Xiao-Hui Zhang Jie Zhang wen-Bo Mo Jing-Qin Su Wei-Min Zhou Yu-Qiu Gu Ming Zeng Zong-Qing Zhao Science and Technology on Plasma Physics Laboratory Laser Fusion Research CenterCAEPMianyang 621900China Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging(Tsinghua University) Ministry of EducationBeijing 100084China School of Information Engineering Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China

Currently,with the advent of high-repetition-rate laser-plasma experiments,the demand for online diagnosis for the X-ray spectrum is increasing because the laser-plasma-generated X-ray spectrum is very important for characterizing electron dynamics and *** this study,scintillators and silicon PIN(P-type–intrinsic-N-type semiconductor)diodes were used to construct a wideband online filter stack *** X-ray sensor and filter arrangement was optimized using a genetic algorithm to minimize the condition number of the response ***,the unfolding error was significantly reduced based on numerical *** detector responses were quantitatively calibrated by irradiating the scintillator and PIN diode with various nuclides and comparing the measuredγ-ray peaks.A prototype 15-channel spectrometer was developed by integrating an X-ray detector with front-and back-end *** prototype spectrometer could record X-ray pulse signals at a repetition rate of 1 ***,an optimized spectrometer was employed to record the real-time spectra of laser-driven bremsstrahlung *** optimized spectrometer offers a compact solution for spectrum diagnostics of ultrashort X-ray pulses,exhibiting improved accuracy in terms of spectrum measurements and repetition rates,and could be widely used in next-generation high-repetition-rate high-power laser facilities.

关键词： Filter stack spectrometer Laser plasma diagnostics X-ray diagnostics Scintillator PIN diode

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Flexible and free-standing La_(0.33)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C nanofibers film as a novel high-performance anode for sodium-and potassium-ion batteries

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Rare Metals 2023年第10期42卷 3387-3398页

作者： Jing Dai jian Jing jian-Ping Yang wen Zhang Shao-Xiong Liu Qian-Fu Wang jia-xing wen Hai Hu Hui-Fang Li Li Liu National Base for International Science&Technology Cooperation National Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Key Materials of New Energy Storage BatteryKey Laboratory of Environmentally Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of EducationHunan Province Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage and ConversionSchool of ChemistryXiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105China College of Electromechanical Engineering Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Preparation and Application of High-Performance Carbon-MaterialsQingdao University of Science&TechnologyQingdao266061China

Na superionic conductor(NASICON)-type La_(0.33)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)(LaTP) is firstly proposed as sodium/potassium storage *** density functional theory(DFT) calculations show that LaTP has good electronic character and low Na^(+)/K^(+)migration *** flexible La_(0.33)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C nanofiber film is synthesized via electrostatic spinning and investigated as free-standing electrode applied to sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) and potassiumion batteries(PIBs) in this *** low band gap and Na^(+)/K^(+) migration barriers of LaTP,unique morphology,and complete conductive carbon net allow the La_(0.33)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C nanofibers film to deliver high capacity(296.3 mAh·g^(-1) for SIBs and 235.8 mAh·g^(-1) for PIBs),excellent rate performance(142.5 mAh·g^(-1) for SIBs and50.5 mAh·g^(-1) for PIBs at 1.00 A·g^(-1)),and superior cyclability above 1000 *** full-cell tests show that the material has a good application prospect,indicating a promising flexible anode material for SIBs and PIBs.

关键词： Potassium-ion batteries(PIBs) Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs) Flexible La_(0.33)Ti_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/C nanofibers film The first-principles calculations Migration potential energy

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Numerical Simulation of the Mass Movement Process of the 2018 Sedongpu Glacial Debris Flow by Using the Fluid-Solid Coupling Method

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第2期35卷 583-596页

作者： xing-Yu Long Yu-Xiang Hu Bin-Rui Gan jia-wen Zhou State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China College of Water Resource and Hydropower Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

In the context of global warming and intensified human activities,glacier instability in plateau regions has increased,and glacier debris flows have become active,which poses a significant threat to the lives and property of people and socioeconomic *** mass movement process of glacier debris flows is extremely complex,so this paper uses the 2018 Sedongpu glacier debris flow event on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as an example and applies a numerical simulation method to invert the whole process of mass *** view of the interaction between phases in the process of motion,we use the fluid-solid coupling method to describe the mass *** granular-flow model and drift-flux model are employed in FLOW3D software to study the mass movement process of glacier debris flows and explore their dynamic *** results indicate that the glacier debris flow lasted for 700 s,and the movement process was roughly divided into four stages,including initiation,scraping,surging and deposition;the depositional characteristics calculated by the fluid-solid coupling model are consistent with the actual survey results and have good reliability;strong erosion occurs during the mass movement,the clear volume amplification effect,and the first wave climbs 17.8 m across the *** fluid-solid coupling method can better simulate glacier debris flows in plateau regions,which is helpful for the study of the mechanism and dynamic characteristics of such disasters.

关键词： glacial debris flow Qinghai-Tibet Plateau fluid-solid coupling FLOW3D mass movement depositional characteristics disasters engineering geology

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Ceramic-based meta-material absorber with high-temperature stability

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Rare Metals 2024年第9期43卷 4433-4440页

作者： xing-Cong Chen Wei-jia Luo Run-Ni Zhao Yong-Zheng wen Ji Zhou State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and EngineeringTsinghua University

With the continuous exploration of uncharted and extreme environments,enhanced temperature robustness of passive devices has become particularly *** this study,a ceramic-based meta-material absorber with exceptional temperature stability is developed using a fusion design approach that combines rare metal-based tungsten bronze structural ceramics and ***,the absorbance of the meta-material array based on Mie resonance exceeds 49.0%in both waveguides and free space,approaching the theoretical *** to impedance analysis,the absorption performance can be distinctly correlated with the dielectric loss （Q_f）.Notably,the high-temperature robustness is verified to still be effective at 400℃.These advancements in our design allow for the use of monolithic materials in fabricating temperature-stable perfect absorbers,providing greater freedom in the dielectric performance and expanding their potential applications,including in space exploration and 5G millimeter-wave scenarios.

关键词： Meta-material absorber Microwave absorption Miniaturization Rare metal-based ceramics Temperature robustness

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Deep insight of unique phase transition behaviors and mechanism in Zr_(2)Co-H isotope system with ultra-low equilibrium pressure

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Rare Metals 2024年第1期43卷 212-224页

作者： Yang Liu Pan-Pan Zhou Xue-Zhang Xiao jia-Cheng Qi jia-Peng Bi Tiao Ying xing-wen Feng Yan Shi wen-Hua Luo Li-Xin Chen State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621907China Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 310013China

Efficient capture,safe storage and release of tritium from the international thermonuclear experimental reactor(ITER) reaction exhaust gas is a perplexing problem,and the development of an efficient tritium-getter material with ultra-low hydrogenation equilibrium pressure is considered as a reliable *** this work,Zr_(2)Co alloy was selected as a tritium-getter material and prepared through induction levitation *** performance test results show that Zr_(2)Co exhibits an ultra-low hydrogenation equilibrium pressure of 3.22 × 10^(-6) Pa at 25℃ and excellent hydriding kinetics under a low hydrogen pressure of 0.005 ***,unique phase transition behaviors were presented in Zr_(2)Co-H ***,Zr_(2)CoH_(5) formed by Zr_(2)Co hydrogenated at room temperature is initially decomposed into ZrH_(2) and ZrCoH_(3) at200 ℃.With the temperature increasing to 350 ℃,ZrCoH_(3)is dehydrogenated to ZrCo,and then ZrCo further reacts with ZrH_(2) at 650 ℃ to reform Zr_(2)Co and *** the staged phase transition pathways during dehydrogenation,the decomposition of Zr_(2)CoH_(5) occurs preferentially,which is well accordance with both the smallest reaction energy barrier and the maximum reaction spontaneity that are determined respectively from kinetics activation energy and thermodynamics Gibbs free ***,first principles calculation results indicate that the stronger binding of hydrogen in interstitial environments of ZrCoH_(3)and ZrH_(2) triggers the hydrogen-stabilized phase transformation of Zr_(2)CoH_(5).The unique phase transition mechanisms in Zr_(2)Co-H system can shed light on the further exploration and regulation of analogous staged phase transition of hydrogen storage materials.

关键词： Zr_(2)Co alloy Tritium-getter materials Ultralow equilibrium hydrogen pressure Phase transition mechanism

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Extending Structures for Gel'fand-Dorfman Bialgebras

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2024年第2期40卷 619-638页

作者： jia jia wen Yan Yong HONG School of Mathematics Hangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhou 311121P.R.China

Gel'fand-Dorfman bialgebra,which is both a Lie algebra and a Novikov algebra with some compatibility condition,appeared in the study of Hamiltonian pairs in completely integrable *** also emerged in the description of a class special Lie conformal algebras called quadratic Lie conformal *** this paper,we investigate the extending structures problem for Gel'fand-Dorfman bialgebras,which is equivalent to some extending structures problem of quadratic Lie conformal ***,given a Gel'fand-Dorfman bialgebra(A,o,[.,.]),this problem is how to describe and classify all Gel'fand-Dorfman bialgebra structures on a vector space E(A⊂E)such that(A,o,[.,.])is a subalgebra of E up to an isomorphism whose restriction on A is the identity *** by the theories of extending structures for Lie algebras and Novikov algebras,we construct an object gH2(V,A)to answer the extending structures problem by introducing the notion of a unified product for Gel'fand-Dorfman bialgebras,where V is a complement of A in *** particular,we investigate the special case when dim(V)=1 in detail.

关键词： Gel'fand-Dorfman bialgebra Lie conformal algebra Extending structures problem Novikovalgebra

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磁选粉煤灰砂浆的导电性研究

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功能材料 2010年第3期41卷 508-511页

作者：贾兴文钱觉时重庆大学材料科学与工程学院重庆400045

Fe3O4具有很强的磁性,利用简单的磁选工艺将普通粉煤灰中的铁氧化物(Fe1-δO)吸取出来,可得Fe3O4含量较高的磁选粉煤灰。Fe3O4在常温下的电导率为2.5×104Ω-1.m-1,和沥青基碳纤维的电导率为同一数量级。利用磁选粉煤灰作为导电材料可... 详细信息

Fe3O4具有很强的磁性,利用简单的磁选工艺将普通粉煤灰中的铁氧化物(Fe1-δO)吸取出来,可得Fe3O4含量较高的磁选粉煤灰。Fe3O4在常温下的电导率为2.5×104Ω-1.m-1,和沥青基碳纤维的电导率为同一数量级。利用磁选粉煤灰作为导电材料可以制备出具有良好导电性能和力学性能且成本低廉的导电砂浆。随着磁选粉煤灰掺量的增加,粉煤灰颗粒互相接触并逐渐形成局部导电网络,使电子和空穴可通过隧道效应跃过水泥基体阻隔所形成的势垒进行传导;当磁选粉煤灰掺量超过"渗滤阈值"后,砂浆的导电性明显增强,与掺加细集料的碳纤维导电砂浆的导电性接近。

关键词：磁选粉煤灰导电砂浆铁氧化物(Fe1-δO) 导电性电阻率

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Palladium Complexes with N,O-Bidentate Ligands Based on N-Oxide Units from Cyclic Secondary Amines:Synthesis and Catalytic Application in Mizoroki-Heck Reaction

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2024年第3期42卷 294-300页

作者： Xuefeng jia Yanyan wen Changhui He Xianqiang Huang Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceShanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuanShanxi030032 China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Energy Storage and Novel Cell Technology School of Chemistry & Chemical EngineeringLiaocheng UniversityLiaochengShandong252059 China

Palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki-Heck reaction is a powerful and efficient method for construction of Csp2–Csp2 ***,four palladium complexes(I—IV)with N,O-bidentate ligands(L1—L4)based on N-oxide units from cyclic secondary amines were easily synthesized and successfully applied in Mizoroki-Heck reaction of aryl bromides with electron-deficient olefins.X-ray diffraction analyses indicated the palladium(II)atom of II took the distorted square planar geometry and was four-coordinated by nitrogen and oxygen atoms from two ligands(L2).Two free chloride ions were presented as counter anions in complex *** the palladium(II)center of IV was coordinated by nitrogen and oxygen atoms from one ligand(L4)as well as two chlorine atoms,which exhibited the nearly square-planar *** study on catalytic properties of palladium complexes revealed that complex II exhibited high activity superior to the other *** coupling reactions of a series of aryl bromides and olefin derivatives proceeded in the presence of 2—5 mol%palladium complex II,giving the desired products in good to excellent *** advantages of this method such as good compatibility of functional groups,high yields,and short reaction times made it more attractive for constructing Csp2–Csp2 bonds in the synthesis of functional molecules and materials.

关键词： Palladium complexes N,O-Bidentate ligands N-Oxide units Mizoroki-Heck reaction Aryl bromide Electron-deficient olefins C—C coupling Homogeneous catalysis Substituent effects

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Structure engineering of cathode host materials for Li-S batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1370-1389页

作者： jia-Jun Long Hua Yu wen-Bo Liu School of New Energy and Materials Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu610500China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu610065China

Although lithium-sulfur batteries are one of the favorable candidates for next-generation energy storage devices,a few key challenges that have not been addressed have limited its *** challenges include lithium dendrite growth in the anode side,volume change of the active material,poor electrical conductivity,dissolution and migration of poly sulfides,and slow rate of solid-state reactions in the cathode *** the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries is greatly affected by the design of the cathode host material,it has also been widely discussed in addressing the abovementioned *** this paper,three design ideas of cathode host materials in terms of microstructure,crystal structure and electronic structure are introduced and ***,the current progress of these three structural design strategies and their effects on the electrochemical performance of lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed in ***,future directions in the structural design of cathode materials for lithium-sulfur batteries are discussed and further perspectives are provided.

关键词： Lithium-sulfur batteries Structure engineering Cathode Host materials

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Design Strategies for Aqueous Zinc Metal Batteries with High Zinc Utilization: From Metal Anodes to Anode-Free Structures

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第4期16卷 305-349页

作者： Xianfu Zhang Long Zhang Xinyuan jia wen Song Yongchang Liu School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing30 College RoadBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering Institute for Advanced Materials and TechnologyState Key Laboratory for Advanced Metals and MaterialsUniversity of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083People’s Republic of China

Aqueous zinc metal batteries(AZMBs)are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage due to the excellent safety, environmental friendliness, natural abundance, high theoretical specific capacity, and low redox potential of zinc(Zn) metal. However,several issues such as dendrite formation, hydrogen evolution, corrosion, and passivation of Zn metal anodes cause irreversible loss of the active materials. To solve these issues, researchers often use large amounts of excess Zn to ensure a continuous supply of active materials for Zn anodes. This leads to the ultralow utilization of Zn anodes and squanders the high energy density of AZMBs. Herein, the design strategies for AZMBs with high Zn utilization are discussed in depth, from utilizing thinner Zn foils to constructing anode-free structures with theoretical Zn utilization of 100%, which provides comprehensive guidelines for further research. Representative methods for calculating the depth of discharge of Zn anodes with different structures are first summarized. The reasonable modification strategies of Zn foil anodes, current collectors with pre-deposited Zn, and anode-free aqueous Zn metal batteries(AF-AZMBs) to improve Zn utilization are then detailed. In particular, the working mechanism of AF-AZMBs is systematically introduced. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for constructing high-utilization Zn anodes are presented.

关键词： Aqueous zinc metal batteries Zinc anodes High zinc utilization Depth of discharge Anode-free structures

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