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Ammonia pyrolysis oxidation excited by nanosecond pulsed discharge:Global/fluid models hybrid solution

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 385-396页

作者： Mingming Zhang Hanyu Wu Qi Chen jiaxin Yang Bonan liu School of Mechanical Electronic and Control Engineering Beijing Jiaotong University China University of Petroleum

The kinetic characteristics of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are studied by using the global/fluid models hybrid solution ***,the stable products of plasma-assisted oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia are *** results show that the consumption of NH3/O2and the production of N2/H2change linearly with the increase of voltage,which indicates the decoupling of nonequilibrium molecular excitation and oxidative pyrolysis of ammonia at low ***,the detailed reaction kinetics mechanism of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by a nanosecond pulse voltage at low pressure and room temperature is *** on the reaction path analysis,the simplified mechanism is *** detailed and simplified mechanism simulation results are compared with experimental data to verify the accuracy of the simplified ***,based on the simplified mechanism,the fluid model of ammonia oxidative pyrolysis stimulated by the nanosecond pulse plasma is established to study the pre-sheath/sheath behavior and the resultant consumption and formation of key *** results show that the generation,development,and propagation of the pre-sheath have a great influence on the formation and consumption of *** consumption of NH3by the cathode pre-sheath is greater than that by the anode pre-sheath,but the opposite is true for OH and O（1S）.However,within the sheath,almost all reactions do not ***,by changing the parameters of nanosecond pulse power supply voltage,it is found that the electron number density,electron current density,and applied peak voltages are not the direct reasons for the structural changes of the sheath and ***,the discharge interval has little effect on the sheath structure and gas mixture *** research results of this paper not only help to understand the kinetic promotion of non-equilibrium excitation in the process of oxidative pyrolysis but also help to explore th

关键词： Nanosecond pulsed discharge Ammonia Oxidative pyrolysis Fluid model Global model

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Micro-strain regulation strategy to stabilize perovskite lattice based on the categories and impact of strain on perovskite solar cells

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 578-604页

作者： Caixia Li Wenwu liu Shiji Da Lingbin Kong Fen Ran State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals Lanzhou University of Technology School of Materials Science and Engineering Lanzhou University of Technology

Photovoltaic metal halide perovskite solar cells(PSCs) convert light to electricity more efficiently than crystalline silicon cells, and the cost of materials used to make them is lower than that of silicon *** efficiency is not a core issue affecting the application of perovskite solar cells in special *** present, stability is the major technical encounters that hinders its further commercial development. Microstrain in PSCs is currently a significant factor responsible for the device's instability. Strain-induced ion migration is widely believed to accelerate perovskite degradation even when external stimuli are ***, it is imperative to study strain to enhance the stability of PSCs. This paper reviews recent developments to understand strain's origin and effect mechanisms on performance of PSCs, including ion migration,failure behavior, defect formation, and its effect on photoelectric properties, stability, and ***, several well-known strain management strategies are systematically introduced based on the strain effect mechanism and strain engineering on the film, providing more clues for further preparation with increased stability. The manipulation of external physical strain applied from films to entire devices has been extensively studied. Furthermore, recommendations for future research directions and chemical approaches have been provided. It is emphasized that strain engineering plays a crucial role in improving the efficiency and longevity of PSCs. Tensile strain causes rapid degradation, while moderate compressive strain and external strain control could improve properties and stability. Efforts should focus on controlling compressive strain to mitigate residual tensile strain and introducing it in a controlled manner. Future research endeavors may focus on exploring these pathways to improve the efficiency and lifespan of PSCs.

关键词： Halide perovskite solar cells Strain origins Strain effects Strain management

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neural plasticity in a rat model of spinal cord transection

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Neural Regeneration Research 2011年第13期6卷 1017-1022页

作者： Ruxin xing jia liu Hua Jin Ping Dai Tinghua Wang Department of Neurosurgery West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China Institute of Neuroscience Kunming Medical College Kunming 650031 Yunnan Province China Laboratory of Neurological Disease West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China

The present study employed a rat model of T10 spinal cord transection. Western blot analyses revealed increased brain-dedved neurotrophic factor （BDNF） expression in spinal cord segments caudal to the transection site following injection of replication incompetent herpes simplex virus vector （HSV-BDNF） into the subarachnoid space. In addition, hindlimb locomotor functions were improved. In contrast, BDNF levels decreased following treatment with replication defective herpes simplex virus vector construct small interference BDNF （HSV-siBDNF）. Moreover, hindlimb locomotor functions gradually worsened. Compared with the replication incompetent herpes simplex virus vector control group, extracellular signal regulated kinasel/2 expression increased in the HSV-BDNF group on days 14 and 28 after spinal cord transection, but expression was reduced in the HSV-siBDNF group. These results suggested that BDNF plays an important role in neural plasticity via extracellular signal regulated kinasel/2 signaling pathway in a rat model of adult spina cord transection.

关键词： spinal cord transection brain-dedved neurotrophic factor neuroplasticity extracellular-signal regulated kinasel/2 replication-incompetent herpes simplex virus vector replication-defective herpes simplex virus vector

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负载骨形态发生蛋白2水凝胶诱导牙髓干细胞的成骨分化

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中国组织工程研究 2025年第16期29卷 3301-3310页

作者：伊斯拉尔古丽·麦麦提贾森刘佳新疆医科大学第一附属医院(附属口腔医院)儿童口腔科-口腔预防科新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市830054 西安医学院口腔医学院陕西省西安市710021 新疆维吾尔自治区口腔医学研究所新疆维吾尔自治区乌鲁木齐市830054

背景:前期研究证明,甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶支架可促进人牙髓干细胞的增殖及分化。水凝胶负载骨形态发生蛋白2被认为是骨修复中有前景的材料。目的:观察负载不同质量浓度骨形态发生蛋白2的甲基丙烯酸酐改性明... 详细信息

背景:前期研究证明,甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶支架可促进人牙髓干细胞的增殖及分化。水凝胶负载骨形态发生蛋白2被认为是骨修复中有前景的材料。目的:观察负载不同质量浓度骨形态发生蛋白2的甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶对人牙髓干细胞成骨向分化的诱导作用。方法:制备含0,50,100,200μg/mL骨形态发生蛋白2的甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶,分别记为GelMA/TDM、BMP-2(50 ng/mL)GelMA/TDM、BMP-2(100 ng/mL)GelMA/TDM、BMP-2(200 ng/mL)GelMA/TDM,检测复合水凝胶对骨形态发生蛋白2的体外缓释性能。采用改良组织块酶消化法提取人牙髓干细胞,分别接种于4种水凝胶表面,采用CCK-8法检测细胞增殖,DAPI染色检测细胞黏附;对各组水凝胶表面的人牙髓干细胞进行成骨诱导,进行碱性磷酸酶染色、碱性磷酸酶活性检测与茜素红染色,采用RT-PCR法检测相关成骨基因(Runx2、骨形态发生蛋白2、骨桥蛋白、骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原)表达。结果与结论:①甲基丙烯酸酐改性明胶/经处理牙本质基质复合水凝胶可持续释放骨形态发生蛋白2长达21 d,在第3-6天释放较快,第6天之后释放趋于平稳;②4种水凝胶均可促进人牙髓干细胞的增殖,其中以BMP-2(100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶的作用最明显;相较于GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶,BMP-2-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶可促进人牙髓干细胞的黏附,其中以BMP-2(200 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶的作用最明显;③相较于GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶,BMP-2-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶可提升碱性磷酸酶活性、钙结节含量与相关成骨基因表达,综合分析显示BMP-2(100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶的作用更明显;④结果表明,BMP-2(100 ng/mL)-GelMA/TDM复合水凝胶促进牙髓干细胞成骨向分化的能力更明显。

关键词：人牙髓干细胞骨形态形成蛋白2 细胞增殖细胞分化组织工程牙髓-牙本质再生

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Estimation of Chloride Diffusivity in Hydrated Tricalcium Silicate Using a Hydration-Diffusion Integrated Method

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 49-64页

作者： WANG Xin SHEN Dejian TAO Sijie liu Ruixin WU Shengxing College of Civil and Transportation Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China

This study aims to develop a chloride diffusion simulation method that considers the hydration microstructure and pore solution properties during the hydration of tricalcium silicate(C3S).The method combines the hydration simulation,thermodynamic calculation,and finite element analysis to examine the effects of pore solution,including effect of electrochemical potential,effect of chemical activity,and effect of mechanical interactions between ions,on the chloride effective diffusion coefficient of hydrated C3S *** results indicate that the effect of electrochemical potential on chloride diffusion becomes stronger with increasing hydration age due to the increase in the content of hydrated calcium silicate;as the hydration age increases,the effect of chemical activity on chloride diffusion weakens when the number of diffusible elements decreases;the effect of mechanical interactions between ions on chloride diffusion decreases with the increase of hydration age.

关键词： tricalcium silicate simulation method chloride diffusion coefficient pore solution

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利用mtDNA信息分析陶寺古牛的起源驯化

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农业生物技术学报 2025年第1期33卷 92-103页

作者：张兴杨柳侯凌云凌飞向海赵兴波华南理工大学生物科学与工程学院佛山大学动物科技学院/广东省动物分子设计与精准育种重点实验室中国农业大学动物科学技术学院/畜禽生物育种全国重点实验室

作为最重要的家畜之一，普通牛（Bos taurus）在中国的起源和传播模式受到广泛关注。本研究收集了来自黄河中游3个考古遗址的9个古代牛遗骸，提取古DNA进行PCR测序和系统发生分析，以探索中国家养牛的起源和传播。经2轮PCR实验获得4个... 详细信息

作为最重要的家畜之一，普通牛（Bos taurus）在中国的起源和传播模式受到广泛关注。本研究收集了来自黄河中游3个考古遗址的9个古代牛遗骸，提取古DNA进行PCR测序和系统发生分析，以探索中国家养牛的起源和传播。经2轮PCR实验获得4个陶寺（距今4100年前）古牛527 bp的线粒体DNA（mitochondrial DNA, mtDNA）序列。单倍型划分结果显示，陶寺古牛存在4种单倍型，都属于家养普通牛T3和T4单倍群，证实中国普通牛起源于近东地区，4 100年前就已经被华北人群利用。此外，陶寺遗址丰富的单倍型数量提示陶寺遗址古代牛群体具有较高的母系遗传多样性。群体间遗传分化指数FST（Fstatistics）分析和Median-Joining网络图表明，中国古代牛与现代东亚(FST=0.0164)及中国普通牛(FST=0.0066)均有密切的遗传关系，提示陶寺遗址古代牛群体可能是现代东亚和中国普通牛的重要母系祖先群体之一。本研究为解析我国的家牛起源和传播提供了分子遗传证据。

关键词：古代DNA 陶寺遗址普通牛起源

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Fatigue Strength Analysis of Dissimilar Aluminum Alloy TIG Welds

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2025年第1期40卷 265-274页

作者： LIAO Xiangyun WANG Ruijie liu Guoshou ZHAO Pinglin Faculty of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650500China

The constant amplitude loading fatigue tests were carried out on the 6061/7075 aluminum alloy TIG fillet welded lap specimens in this study,and the weld seam cross-section hardness was *** experimental results show that most specimens mainly failed at the 7075 side weld toes even though the base material tensile strength of 7075 is higher than that of *** maximum stress-strain concentration in the two finite element models is located at the 7075 side weld toe,which is basically consistent with the actual fracture *** weld zone on the 7075 side experiences severe material softening,with a large ***,the Vickers hardness value on the 6061 side negligibly changes and fluctuates around 70 *** obvious defects are found on the fatigue fracture,but a large number of secondary cracks *** germinate from the weld toe and propagate in the direction of the plate *** reinforcement has a serious impact on fatigue *** life will decrease exponentially as the weld reinforcement increases under low *** is found that the notch stress method can give a better fatigue life prediction for TIG weldments,and the errors of the predicted results are within the range of two factors,while the prediction accuracy decreases under low *** equivalent structural stress method can also be used for fatigue life prediction of TIG weldments,but the errors of prediction results are within the range of three factors,and the accuracy decreases under high stress.

关键词： TIG welding notch stress method equivalent structural stress method fatigue life finite element analysis

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Mutual-structure weighted guided image filtering for depth map restoration

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Optoelectronics Letters 2025年第1期21卷 51-56页

作者： liu Zijian SONG jian CHEN Quanmin XU jiangtao Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic Technology School of Microelectronics Tianjin University Spikesee Technology Co. Ltd.

Although guided image filtering(GIF) is known for preserving edges and fast computation, it may produce inaccurate outputs in depth map restoration. In this paper, a novel confidence-weighted GIF called mutual-structure weighted GIF(MSWGIF) is proposed, which replaces the mean filtering strategy in GIF during handling overlapping windows. The confidence value is composed of a depth term and a mutual-structure term, where the depth term is utilized to protect the edges of the output, and the mutual-structure term helps to select accurate windows during the structure characteristics of the guidance image are transferred to the output. Experimental results show that MSWGIF reduces the root mean square error(RMSE) by an average of 12.37%, and the average growth rate of correlation(CORR) is 0.07% on average. Additionally, the average growth rate of structure similarity index measure(SSIM) is 0.34%.

关键词： Wiener filtering

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Electrical Characteristics of Metal Contacts to Boron Doped Polycrystalline Semiconducting Diamond Thin Films

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Chinese Physics Letters 1996年第7期13卷 541-544页

作者： liu xing-zhao YANG Bang-chao jia Yu-min LI Yan-rong University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054

Low resistance ohmic contacts have been fabricated on chemical vapor deposition grown polycrystalline B doped semiconducting diamond thin films by thermally activated solid state reaction process.A bilayer metallization of Ti/Au was *** annealing at 820℃ for 10min in Ar atmosphere,the specific contact resistance of 2 × 10^(-4)Ω.cm2 has been *** properties of the diamond/Ti interfaces have been characterized by using x-rays diffraction and scanning electron *** performance of semiconducting diamond thin film thermistors has been reported.

关键词： resistance process Diamond

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The burden of upper motor neuron involvement is correlated with the bilateral limb involvement interval in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis:a retrospective observational study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1505-1512页

作者： Jieying Wu Shan Ye Xiangyi liu Yingsheng Xu Dongsheng Fan Department of Neurology Peking University Third HospitalBeijingChina Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Biomarker and Translational Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases BeijingChina Key Laboratory for Neuroscience National Health Commission/Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijingChina

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by the involvement of both upper and lower motor *** bilateral limb involvement significantly affects patients'daily lives and may lead them to be confined to ***,the effect of upper and lower motor neuron impairment and other risk factors on bilateral limb involvement is *** address this issue,we retrospectively collected data from 586 amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset diagnosed at Peking University Third Hospital between January 2020 and May 2022.A univariate analysis revealed no significant differences in the time intervals of spread in different directions between individuals with upper motor neuron-dominant amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and those with classic amyotrophic lateral *** used causal directed acyclic graphs for risk factor determination and Cox proportional hazards models to investigate the association between the duration of bilateral limb involvement and clinical baseline characteristics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** factor analyses revealed that higher upper motor neuron scores(hazard ratio[HR]=1.05,95%confidence interval[CI]=1.01–1.09,P=0.018),onset in the left limb(HR=0.72,95%CI=0.58–0.89,P=0.002),and a horizontal pattern of progression(HR=0.46,95%CI=0.37–0.58,P<0.001)were risk factors for a shorter interval until bilateral limb *** results demonstrated that a greater degree of upper motor neuron involvement might cause contralateral limb involvement to progress more quickly in limb-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis *** findings may improve the management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients with limb onset and the prediction of patient prognosis.

关键词： amyotrophic lateral sclerosis bilateral limb involvement Cox proportional hazards regression model horizontal spread restricted cubic spline analysis time interval upper motor neuron vertical spread

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