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Fine control of growth and thermotolerance in the plant response to heat stress

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2025年第2期24卷 409-428页

作者： Yulong Zhao Song Liu Kaifeng Yang Xiuli hu Haifang jiang State Key Laboratory of Wheat&Maize Crop Science/College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University

Global warming impacts plant growth and development, which in turn threatens food security. Plants can clearly respond to warm-temperature(such as by thermomorphogenesis) and high-temperature stresses. At the molecular level, many small molecules play crucial roles in balancing growth and defense, and stable high yields can be achieved by fine-tuning the responses to external stimuli. Therefore, it is essential to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying plant growth in response to heat stress and how plants can adjust their biological processes to survive heat stress conditions. In this review, we summarize the heat-responsive genetic networks in plants and crop plants based on recent studies. We focus on how plants sense the elevated temperatures and initiate the cellular and metabolic responses that allow them to adapt to the adverse growing conditions. We also describe the trade-off between plant growth and responses to heat stress. Specifically, we address the regulatory network of plant responses to heat stress, which will facilitate the discovery of novel thermotolerance genes and provide new opportunities for agricultural applications.

关键词： heat stress signal transduction tolerance mechanisms trade-off

铁基石灰质强化钝化材料的制备及其对Sb的钝化效果

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环境科学 2025年第2期46卷 1118-1129页

作者：石嘉浩保琼莉储玉檀孙红羽黄益宗农业农村部环境保护科研监测所重金属生态毒理与污染修复创新团队天津300191 农业农村部环境保护科研监测所农业农村部产地环境污染防控重点实验室天津300191 云南师范大学能源与环境科学学院昆明650500

铁盐作为固化材料在土壤锑污染修复方面具有较好的效果,但使用不当会造成土壤酸化,并降低其修复效果.采用硫酸铁、聚合硫酸铁及生石灰为原材料制备了硫酸铁基石灰质强化钝化材料(FS)和聚合硫酸铁基石灰质强化钝化材料(PFS);利用X射线衍... 详细信息

铁盐作为固化材料在土壤锑污染修复方面具有较好的效果,但使用不当会造成土壤酸化,并降低其修复效果.采用硫酸铁、聚合硫酸铁及生石灰为原材料制备了硫酸铁基石灰质强化钝化材料(FS)和聚合硫酸铁基石灰质强化钝化材料(PFS);利用X射线衍射检测(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及傅里叶变换红外光谱仪扫描(FTIR)进行表征;通过吸附实验及土培实验研究了材料的吸附机制及对土壤Sb的钝化效果.结果表明,FS和PFS主要由铁和钙的氧化物以及氢氧化物构成,含有羟基、羰基等官能团.由Freundlich模型等温吸附数据表明材料对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附为多层吸附.FS和PFS对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附量随其添加量的增加而增加.吸附动力学过程符合拟二级动力学模型.共存离子中PO_(4)^(3-)对FS和PFS吸附Sb(Ⅲ)的影响最大,高浓度(0.1 mol·L^(-1))PO_(4)^(3-)存在条件下会显著抑制FS和PFS对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附,低浓度(0.01 mol·L^(-1)和0.001 mol·L^(-1))PO_(4)^(3-)存在条件下会促进FS和PFS对Sb(Ⅲ)的吸附.添加FS和PFS均能降低土壤中柠檬酸可提取态的Sb(T)和Sb(Ⅲ)含量.添加5%的FS和PFS使重度污染(X2)土壤可交换Sb降低幅度分别达66.39%和72.88%,轻度污染(X3)土壤的降幅达56.04%和56.86%.土壤p H值和电导率(EC)随材料添加量的增加而显著增加.总之,FS和PFS对Sb具有高效的吸附性能,在土壤中施用均能高效钝化Sb并缓解土壤酸化,表明两种材料具有很好的修复潜力.

关键词：锑污染铁基钝化材料表征吸附实验土壤培养实验

Lyapunov-based event-triggered control for nonlinear plants subject to disturbances and transmission delays

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2020年第5期63卷 146-160页

作者： Xiaoda hu hao YU Fei hao The Seventh Research Division School of Automation Science and Electrical EngineeringBeihang University The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alberta

This paper studies event-triggered control for disturbed nonlinear systems. A new dual-stage Lyapunov-based event-triggering condition is proposed to cope with the time-varying transmission *** the first stage, the ratio of Lyapunov function values at the last two triggering instants is *** based on the ratio, the corresponding threshold function is selected from two candidate forms. It is proved that the designed event-triggered control system is input-to-state practically stable with respect to the measurement errors and disturbances. Moreover, Zeno behavior is excluded successfully by calculating the lower bound of the minimum inter-event times. Finally, a simulation example is provided to show the feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

关键词： event-triggered control nonlinear systems networked control systems disturbed systems transmission delays

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食物源微塑料研究方法和风险评估综述

环境科学 2025年第2期46卷 1155-1167页

作者：白业冉张佳佳白润昊刘琪何文清白文波陈延华中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所北京100081 北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所北京100097

微塑料逐渐成为备受人们关注的新兴环境污染物,环境中大量存在的微塑料会在人类食物系统中积累,进而威胁人体健康.明确微塑料在食物中的污染特征,对于科学评估人体的摄入风险具有重要意义.基于当前已发表文献,从食物原料、加工和包装过... 详细信息

微塑料逐渐成为备受人们关注的新兴环境污染物,环境中大量存在的微塑料会在人类食物系统中积累,进而威胁人体健康.明确微塑料在食物中的污染特征,对于科学评估人体的摄入风险具有重要意义.基于当前已发表文献,从食物原料、加工和包装过程这3个方面分析了人体通过饮食接触微塑料的暴露途径.进一步总结食物中微塑料研究方法,主要包括密度浮选、膜技术和电动分离技术系列检测方法及视觉分析、光谱法、色谱法和激光红外成像系列鉴定方法.最后计算了人体通过食物接触微塑料的估计日摄入量(EDI),论述了微塑料对人体的潜在危害.提出今后需要在分析检测、来源追溯和毒理研究方向进行系统研究,可为微塑料综合防控和人类健康风险评估提供理论参考.

关键词：微塑料(MPs) 食物来源赋存检测风险评估

Effect of CO_(2) Opposing Multiple Jets on Thermoacoustic Instability and NO_(x) Emissions in a Lean-Premixed Model Combustor

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 207-221页

作者： ZHOU hao hu Liubin Institute for Thermal Power Engineering State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

This paper experimentally studied the effect of CO_(2) opposing multiple jets on the thermoacoustic instability and NO_(x) emissions in a lean-premixed model *** feasibility was verified from three variables:the CO_(2) jet flow rate,hole numbers,and hole diameters of the *** indicate that the control effect of thermoacoustic instability and NO_x emissions show a reverse trend with the increase of open area ratio on the whole,and the optimal jet flow rate range is 1-4 L/min with CO_(2) opposing multiple *** this flow rate range,the amplitude and frequency of the dynamic pressure and heat release signals CH~* basically decrease as the CO_(2) flow rate increases,which avoids high-frequency and high-amplitude thermoacoustic *** amplitude-damped ratio of dynamic pressure and CH*can reach as high as 98.75% and 93.64% with an optimal open area ratio of 3.72%.NO_(x) emissions also decrease as the jet flow rate increases,and the maximum suppression ratio can reach 68.14%.Besides,the flame shape changes from a steep inverted "V" to a more flat "M",and the flame length will become shorter with CO_(2) opposing multiple *** research achieved the synchronous control of thermoacoustic instability and NO_(x) emissions,which could be a design reference for constructing a safer and cleaner combustor.

关键词： thermoacoustic instability lean-premixed model combustor CO_(2)opposing multiple jets open area ratio NO_(x)emissions

国际多边组织医药产品全球采购状况及中国参与——以全球基金为例

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中国卫生政策研究 2025年第1期18卷 73-81页

作者：胡孝龙方晢伊黄葭燕复旦大学公共卫生学院、上海市重大传染病和生物安全研究院上海200032 复旦大学全球健康研究所上海200032

医药产品的全球采购是卫生领域内的国际多边组织发挥职能的重要方式。作为当今全球卫生领域最为重要的国际多边组织之一,抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾的全球基金在医药产品的全球采购市场中占据巨大份额。本文详细介绍了全球基金的采购方... 详细信息

医药产品的全球采购是卫生领域内的国际多边组织发挥职能的重要方式。作为当今全球卫生领域最为重要的国际多边组织之一,抗击艾滋病、结核病和疟疾的全球基金在医药产品的全球采购市场中占据巨大份额。本文详细介绍了全球基金的采购方式及其采购产品的质量标准,描述分析了全球基金开展采购的资金总额、采购产品类型、主要供应国家及其随时间变化趋势,为中国更好的参与全球卫生治理和中国医药企业进入国际采购市场提出政策建议。

关键词：全球基金采购全球卫生治理医药产品

A Furan-based Phosphaphenanthrene-containing Derivative as a Highly Efficient Flame-retardant Agent for Epoxy Thermosets without Deteriorating Thermomechanical Performances

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2022年第3期40卷 233-240,I0005页

作者： hao-Xin Niu Hong-Liang Ding jia-Li huang Xin Wang Lei Song Yuan hu State Key Laboratory of Fire Science University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

In order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, developing flame retardants from bio-based resources has aroused extensive interest in recent years. In this work, we utilized furfural(biomass) and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide(DOPO) to synthesize a biobased co-curing agent(FGD) to combine with 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl methane(DDM) for obtaining a low-phosphorus loading flame-retardant epoxy thermosets. The introduction of FGD decreased the activation energy of the curing progress, enhanced the mechanical properties of the epoxy thermosets, and did not affect the glass transition temperature of the epoxy thermosets. EP-5.0 had a lower thermal degradation rate and a doubled char yield compared with EP-0. The phosphorus content of EP-5.0 was only 0.45 wt%, while EP-5.0 reached the UL-94 V-0 rating with a high LOI value of 32%. Compared with EP-0, the PHRR of EP-2.5 and EP-5.0 decreased by 22.3% and 31.3%, respectively. The SEM results showed that the addition of FGD made the char residues more uniform and denser, which could effectively prevent combustible volatiles from escaping from the degradation area to the flame area and isolate the heat transfer so that the epoxy thermosets had an excellent flame-retardant performance.

关键词： Furfural DOPO Bio-based co-curing agent Flame-retardant performance

Mitigation of Combustion Instability and NO_(x)Emissions by Microjets in Lean Premixed Flames with Different Swirl Numbers

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第4期32卷 1697-1709页

作者： ZHOU hao hu Liubin Zhejiang University Institute for Thermal Power EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationHangzhou310027China

Swirl combustion serves as a helpful flame stabilization method,which also affects the combustion and emission *** article experimentally investigated the effects of CO_(2)microjets on combustion instability and NO_(x)emissions in lean premixed flames with different swirl *** microjets’control feasibility was examined from three variables of CO_(2)jet flow rate,thermal power,and swirl *** indicate that microjets can mitigate the combustion instability and NO_(x)emissions in lean premixed burners with different swirl numbers and thermal ***,the damping effect of microjets in low swirl intensity is better than that in high swirl *** damping ratio of pressure amplitude can reach the maximum of 98%,and NO_(x)emissions can realize the maximum reduction of 10.1×10^(−6)at the swirl angle of 30°.Besides,the flame macrostructure switches from an inverted cone shape to a petal shape,and the flame length reduction at low swirl intensity is higher than that of high swirl *** research clarified the control differences of mitigation of combustion instability and NO_(x)emissions by microjets in lean premixed flames with different swirl numbers,contributing to the optimization of microjets control and the construction of high-performance burners.

关键词： combustion instability swirl numbers thermal power CO_(2)microjets NO_(x)emissions lean premixed flame

Topological quantum states of matter in iron-based superconductors:from concept to material realization

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National Science Review 2019年第2期6卷 213-226页

作者： Ning hao jiangping hu Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions High Magnetic Field Laboratory of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics and Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences CAS Center of Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation and Kavli Institute of Theoretical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter

We review recent progress in the exploration of topological quantum states of matter in iron-based superconductors. In particular, we focus on the non-trivial topology existing in the band structures and superconducting states of iron’s 3d orbitals. The basic concepts, models, materials and experimental results are reviewed. The natural integration between topology and high-temperature superconductivity in iron-based superconductors provides great opportunities to study topological superconductivity and Majorana modes at high temperature.

关键词： iron-based superconductor topological insulator topological superconductor spin–orbit coupling