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Application of in-situ characterization techniques in modern aqueous batteries

Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3553-3575页

作者： jia-hao wu Hong-Wei Cai Zhao-Hui Deng Jean-Jacques Gaumet Yu Bao Wen Luo Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Laboratoire de Chimie Et Physique:Approche Multi-Echelles Des Milieux Complexes(LCP-A2MC)Institut Jean BarriolUniversitéde Lorraine57070MetzFrance Department of Medicinal Chemistry Hubei College of Chinese MedicineJingzhou 434020China

The development of high-performance aqueous batteries calls for an in-depth knowledge of their chargedischarge redox and failure mechanism,as well as a systematic understanding of the dynamic evolution of microstructure,phase composition,chemical composition,and local chemical environment of the materials for ***-situ characterization technology is expected to understand and reveal the problems faced by aqueous rechargeable batteries,such as the dissolution of electrode materials,the growth of metal negative electrode dendrites,passivation,corrosion,side reactions and a series of *** on this,typical in-situ characterization techniques and their basic mechanisms are summarized,including in-situ optical visualization,in-situ microscopy techniques(in-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM),in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)),in-situ X-ray techniques(in-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD),in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),in-situ near-edge structural X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XANES)),and in-situ spectroscopy techniques(in-situ Raman spectroscopy,in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)).Moreover,some emerging techniques concerning aqueous battery research,especially gas evolution and materials dissolution issues,such as in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM).in-situ fiber-optic sensing,in-situ gas chromatography(GC) are *** last,the applications of advanced in-situ characterizations in future research of aqueous batteries are emphasized and discussed,along with some of the remaining challenges and possible solutions.

关键词： Aqueous battery In-situ characterization Phase transformation Solid electrolyte interphase Zinc dendrite growth

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Al-containing Ge-rich IWV:rapid synthesis via interzeolite transformation and application in Baeyer-Villiger oxidation

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第7期67卷 2282-2291页

作者： Meichen jiao Chunmin jia hao Xu Peng wu Xian-Ming Zhang School of Chemistry&Material Science Shanxi Normal UniversityTaiyuan 030006China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China School of Chemistry Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China

Ge-containing Lewis acidic zeolites are typically synthesized using a conventional hydrothermal strategy from amorphous silica sources,through a long time-and energy-consuming approach limiting their wide *** study reports a rapid synthesis strategy for a series of IWV aluminogermanosilicate zeolites(T-x-Al)with a wide range of Si/Ge molar ratios(5–15)by interzeolite transformation of dealuminated FAU(DA-FAU).Notably,Ge-rich IWV could be obtained with crystallization time as short as one day by the equimolecular Si/Ge ratio *** effect of synthetic parameters was investigated and the obtained T-x-Al samples were characterized by XRD,SEM,EDS,ICP,^(29)Si and^(27)Al MAS NMR,FTIR,and N_(2)physisorption *** with a previously reported IWV germanosilicate(H-3),T-x-Al displayed a better catalytic activity in Baeyer-Villiger(BV)oxidation,attributed to the presence of the active framework Ge sites with the assistance of the extraframework Al *** cyclic catalysis tests revealed that the presence of framework Al species contributed to the stability of the ***,T-x-Al,with 14-membered ring(MR)supercages,outperformed the typical 12-MR Sn-beta catalyst in the BV oxidation of large ketone-like 2-admantanone,indicating a promising potential application in the macromolecular catalytic process.

关键词： Ge-rich IWV interzeolite transformation Al assistance Baeyer-Villiger oxidation

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Synergistic effects of multiscale TiC and dual-phase structure on tensile properties of particle-reinforced steel

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2024年第5期31卷 1232-1245页

作者： Ye jia Xiang-tao Deng Qi Wang Cheng-ru Li hao wu Zhao-dong Wang State Key Laboratory of Rolling and Automation Northeastern UniversityShenyang110819LiaoningChina

The conventional melting methods were used to obtain in situ TiC particle-reinforced dual-phase steel,followed by hot rolling and heat treatment *** aim was to investigate the effect of TiC particles on the fracture behavior of dual-phase steel at different annealing temperatures,by analyzing the microstructure and tensile behavior of the multiscale TiC particle-reinforced dual-phase *** results showed that TiC particles precipitated in the as-cast microstructure of dual-phase steel were distributed along the grain *** hot rolling,the grain boundary-like morphology of the micron-sized TiC particles was disrupted,and the particles became more refined and evenly distributed in the *** tensile tests revealed that the strength of the TiC particle-reinforced dual-phase steel increased with increasing martensite content,while the elongation *** results were similar to those of conventional *** addition of 1 vol.%multiscale TiC particles improved the strength of the dual-phase steel but did not affect elongation of the *** and holes were primarily concentrated around the TiC particles rather than at the interface of martensite and *** main causes of crack sprouting were TiC particle interface cracking and TiC particle internal ***,the study demonstrated the potential of multiscale TiC particle-reinforced dual-phase steel as a strong and tough *** refined distribution of TiC particles in the matrix improved the strength of the material without compromising its *** results also highlighted the importance of careful selection of reinforcement particles to avoid detrimental effects on the fracture behavior of the material.

关键词： TiC particle Dual-phase structure TiC-reinforced dual-phase steel Tension Fracture behavior

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Normalized glandular dose coefficients for digital breast tomosynthesis using detailed Chinese breast models

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第5期35卷 42-59页

作者： jia-hao Wang Rui Qiu An-Kang Hu Ye-Qi Liu Zhen wu Hui Zhang Jun-Li Li Department of Engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Particle and Radiation Imaging Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Joint Institute of Tsinghua University Nuctech Company Limited BeijingBeijing 100084China

The rise in breast cancer diagnoses among Chinese women has necessitated the use of X-ray breast screening,which carries a radiation *** study aimed to provide a dosimetry protocol for the Chinese female population to replace the traditional standard that utilizes simplified breast models,for the accurate estimation of the mean glandular dose of a patient undergoing digital breast tomosynthesis(DBT).The first set of detailed Chinese female breast models and representative breast parameters was *** backscatter radiation and computational efficiency,we improved the combination of these models and the Chinese reference adult female whole-body voxel *** acquisition for four commercial DBT systems that are widely employed in China was simulated using the Monte Carlo method to obtain the normalized glandular dose coefficients of DBT(D_(gN)^(DBT))and the glandular depth dose(D_(g)^(dep)(z))for different breast characteristics and X-ray *** calculated a series of D_(gN)^(DBT) values for breasts with different percentage mass glandularities(5%,25%,50%,75%,and 100%)and compressed breast thicknesses(2,3,4,5,6,and 7 cm)at various tube potentials(25,28,30,32,35,and 49 kV)and target/filter combinations(W/Rh,W/Al,Mo/Mo,Rh/Rh,and Rh/Ag).The parameter dependence of the breast characteristics and beam conditions on D_(gN)^(DBT) in detailed breast models was *** D_(gN)^(DBT) results were 14.6-51.0%lower than those of the traditional dosimetry standard in *** difference in D_(gN)^(DBT) was mainly due to a decrease in the depth of the main energy deposition area caused by the glandular distribution along the depth *** results obtained in this study may be used to improve breast dosimetry in China and provide more detailed information on risk assessment during DBT.

关键词： Digital breast tomosynthesis Normalized glandular dose coefficients Detailed breast model Monte Carlo simulation

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Experimental observation of spontaneous symmetry breaking in a quantum phase transition

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第2期67卷 34-39页

作者： Wen Ning Ri-Hua Zheng jia-hao Lu Fan wu Zhen-Biao Yang Shi-Biao Zheng Fujian Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optics College of Physics and Information EngineeringFuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Hefei National Laboratory Hefei 230088China

Spontaneous symmetry breaking(SSB)plays a central role in understanding a large variety of phenomena associated with phase transitions,such as superfluid and *** far,the transition from a symmetric vacuum to a macroscopically ordered phase has been substantially *** process bridging these two distinct phases is critical to understanding how a classical world emerges from a quantum phase transition,but so far remains unexplored in *** here report an experimental demonstration of such a process with a quantum Rabi model engineered with a superconducting *** move the system from the normal phase to the superradiant phase featuring two symmetry-breaking field components,one of which is observed to emerge as the classical *** results demonstrate that the environment-induced decoherence plays a critical role in the SSB.

关键词： quantum phase transition Rabi model spontaneous symmetry breaking superconducting circuit Schrodinger cat states

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Ballistic performances of the hourglass lattice sandwich structures under high-velocity fragments

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第1期31卷 312-325页

作者： He-xiang wu jia Qu Lin-zhi wu Key Laboratory of Advanced Ship Materials and Mechanics College of Aerospace and Civil EngineeringHarbin Engineering UniversityHarbin150001China School of Civil Engineering Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin150040China

In this paper,the numerical simulation method is used to study the ballistic performances of hourglass lattice sandwich structures with the same mass under the vertical incidence of *** is paid to elucidating the influences of rod cross-section dimensions,structure height,structure layer,and rod inclination angle on the deformation mode,ballistic performances,and ability to change the ballistic direction of *** results show that the ballistic performances of hourglass lattice sandwich structures are mainly affected by their structural *** this respect,structural parameters optimization of the hourglass lattice sandwich structures enable one to effectively improve their ballistic limit velocity and,consequently,ballistic performances.

关键词： Hourglass lattice sandwich structures Ballistic performances high-velocity Finite element analysis

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Dielectric nanocomposites with superb high-temperature capacitive performance based on high intrinsic dielectric constant polymer

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Nano Research 2024年第9期17卷 8504-8512页

作者： Ding Ai Yuan Chang haoliang Liu Chenglong wu Yao Zhou Yuting Han hao Yu Bing Xiao Yonghong Cheng Guanglei wu Zirui jia State Key Laboratory of Electrical Insulation and Power Equipment School of Electrical EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-TextilesCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringQingdao UniversityQingdao 266071China

Advancements in power electronics necessitate dielectric polymer films capable of operating at high temperatures and possessing high energy *** significant strides have been achieved by integrating inorganic fillers into high-temperature polymer matrices,the inherently low dielectric constants of these matrices have tempered the magnitude of *** this work,we report an innovative nanocomposite based on sulfonylated polyimide(SPI),distinguished by the incorporation of sulfonyl groups within the SPI backbone and the inclusion of wide bandgap hafnium dioxide(HfO_(2))*** nanocomposite has demonstrated notable enhancements in thermal stability,dielectric properties,and capacitive performance at elevated *** simulations at both molecular and mesoscopic levels have elucidated the mechanisms behind these improvements,which could be attributed to confined segmental motion,an optimized electronic band structure,and a diminished incidence of dielectric breakdown ascribed to the presence of sulfonyl ***,the SPI-HfO_(2)nanocomposite demonstrates a high charge-discharge efficiency of 95.7%at an elevated temperature of 150℃and an applied electric field of 200 MV/***,it achieves a maximum discharged energy density of 2.71 J/cm^(3),signalling its substantial potential for energy storage applications under extreme conditions.

关键词： dielectric polymer nanocomposites high-temperature high dielectric constant sulfonyl groups energy storage performance

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The Crystallization Behavior of L-Poly(lactic acid)/Polypropylene Blends:The Acceleration for Both L-Poly(lactic acid)and Polypropylene

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2024年第6期42卷 775-786页

作者： Shuang-Cheng Li Wei-jia Zhou Wen-Jie wu Jun Shao Shui-Liang Chen hao-Qing Hou Sheng Xiang College of Chemistry&Chemical Engineering and Nanofiber Engineering Center of jiangxi Province Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022China National Engineering Research Center for Carbohydrate Synthesis/Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang330022China Wenzhou Institute University of Chinese Academy of SciencesWenzhou325001China

For a polymer/polymer dismissible blend with two crystallizable components,the crystallization behavior of different components and the reciprocal influences between different crystals are interesting and important,but did not investigate in *** this study,the L-poly(lactic acid)/polypropylene(PLLA/PP)blends with different weight ratios were prepared by melt mixing and the crystallization behavior of the blends were *** showed that the crystalline structures of PLLA and PP were not altered by the *** the crystallization of PLLA,both the diffusion of chain segments and crystallization rate were enhanced under the existence of PP *** the crystallization of PP,its crystallization rate was depressed under the existence of amorphous PLLA molecular *** the PP crystallized from the existence of PLLA crystals,although the diffusion rate of PP was reduced by PLLA crystals,the nucleation positions were obviously enhanced,which accelerated the formation of PP *** investigation would supply more basic data for the application of PLLA/PP blend.

关键词： L-poly(lactic acid) Polypropylene Blends Crystalization behavior Crystallization acceleration

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The Method of Polynomial Particular Solutions for Solving Nonlinear Poisson-Type Equations

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 155-165页

作者： Zhile jia Yanhua Cao Xiaoran wu School of Sciences East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

In this paper,the method of polynomial particular solutions is used to solve nonlinear Poisson-type partial differential equations in one,two,and three *** condition number of the coefficient matrix is reduced through the implementation of multiple scale technique,ultimately yielding a stable numerical *** methodological process can be divided into two main parts:first,identifying the corresponding polynomial particular solutions for the linear differential operator terms in the governing equations,and second,employing these polynomial particular solutions as basis function to iteratively solve the remaining nonlinear terms within the governing ***,we investigate the potential improvement in numerical accuracy for equations with singularities in the analytical solution by shifting the computational domain a certain *** experiments are conducted to assess both the accuracy and stability of the proposed method.A comparison of the obtained results with those produced by other numerical methods demonstrates the accuracy,stability,and efficiency of the proposed method in handling nonlinear Poisson-type partial differential equations.

关键词： Nonlinear equation Singularity Polynomial particular solutions Poisson type

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Numerical study on local failures of reinforced concrete slabs against underwater close-in explosions

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2024年第8期25卷 650-669页

作者： Fei ZHOU Hedong LI hao wu College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 200092China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture Zhejiang Sci-Tech UniversityHangzhou 310018China

Reinforced concrete(RC)slabs are the primary load-carrying member of underwater *** can suffer severe local failures such as cratering,spalling,or breaching as a result of underwater close-in(UWCI)*** this study,we established a fully validated high-fidelity finite element analysis approach to precisely reproduce the local failures of RC slabs after a UWCI explosion.A recently proposed dynamic constitutive model is used to describe wet *** effects of free water content on the material properties,including the tensile/compressive strength,elastic modulus,strain rate effect,failure strength surface,and equation of state,are comprehensively calibrated based on existing test *** calibrated material parameters are then verified by a single-element test.A high-fidelity finite element analysis(FEA)approach of an RC slab subjected to a UWCI explosion is established using an arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian(ALE)*** previous UWCI explosion tests on RC orifice targets and underwater contact explosion tests on saturated concrete slabs showed that the established FEA approach could accurately reproduce the pressure-time history in water and damage patterns,including the cracking,cratering,and spalling,of the RC orifice target and saturated concrete ***,parametric studies conducted by simulating an RC slab subjected to a UWCI explosion showed that:(i)the local failure of an RC slab enlarges with increased charge weight,reduced standoff distance,and reduced structural thickness;(ii)compared to a water-backed RC slab,an air-backed RC slab exhibits much more obvious local and structural ***,to aid the anti-explosion design of relevant underwater facilities,based on over 90 simulation cases empirical formulae are summarized to predict local failure modes,i.e.,no spall,spall,and breach,of water-and air-backed RC slabs subjected to a UWCI explosion.

关键词： Reinforced concrete slab(RC) Underwater close-in(UWCI)explosion Saturated concrete Failure modes Numerical simulation

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