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Animal models of hepatitis E infection: Advances and challenges

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 171-180页

作者： Ze Xiang Xiang-Lin He Chuan-Wu Zhu jia-jia Yang Lan Huang Chun jiang jian Wu Chinese Consortium for the Study of Hepatitis E(CCSHE) Zhejiang University School of Medicine Hangzhou 310030China Department of Infectious Diseases The Fifth People’s Hospital of SuzhouSuzhou 215007China Department of Infection Management The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China Department of Clinical Laboratory The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou Municipal HospitalGusu SchoolNanjing Medical UniversitySuzhou 215008China 不详

Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis *** most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and patients with preexisting liver diseases,who often experience anorexia,nausea,vom-iting,malaise,abdominal pain,and *** infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed *** addition,HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic *** exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across ***,animals susceptible to HEV can be used as *** establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission,clinical symptoms,extrahepatic manifestations,and therapeutic strategies,which will help us understand the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment of hepatitis *** review summarized the animal models of HEV,including pigs,monkeys,rabbits,mice,rats,and other *** each animal species,we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with,the cross-species transmission pathways,as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations,prevention,and treatment of HEV *** advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also *** review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models.

关键词： Hepatitis E virus Animal models Pathogenesis Prevention Treatment

Artificial neural network-based method for discriminating Compton scattering events in high-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第2期35卷 64-84页

作者： Chun-Di Fan Guo-Qiang Zeng Hao-Wen Deng Lei Yan jian Yang Chuan-Hao Hu Song Qing Yang hou College of Nuclear Technology and Automation Engineering Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China

To detect radioactive substances with low activity levels,an anticoincidence detector and a high-purity germanium(HPGe)detector are typically used simultaneously to suppress Compton scattering background,thereby resulting in an extremely low detection limit and improving the measurement ***,the complex and expensive hardware required does not facilitate the application or promotion of this ***,a method is proposed in this study to discriminate the digital waveform of pulse signals output using an HPGe detector,whereby Compton scattering background is suppressed and a low minimum detectable activity(MDA)is achieved without using an expensive and complex anticoincidence detector and *** electric-field-strength and energy-deposition distributions of the detector are simulated to determine the relationship between pulse shape and energy-deposition location,as well as the characteristics of energy-deposition distributions for fulland partial-energy deposition *** relationship is used to develop a pulse-shape-discrimination algorithm based on an artificial neural network for pulse-feature *** accurately determine the relationship between the deposited energy of gamma(γ)rays in the detector and the deposition location,we extract four shape parameters from the pulse signals output by the *** learning is used to input the four shape parameters into the ***,the pulse signals are identified and classified to discriminate between partial-and full-energy deposition *** partial-energy deposition events are removed to suppress Compton *** proposed method effectively decreases the MDA of an HPGeγ-energy dispersive *** results show that the Compton suppression factors for energy spectra obtained from measurements on ^(152)Eu,^(137)Cs,and ^(60)Co radioactive sources are 1.13(344 keV),1.11(662 keV),and 1.08(1332 keV),respectively,and that the corresponding MDAs are 1.4%,5.

关键词： High-purity germaniumγ-ray spectrometer Pulse-shape discrimination Compton scattering Artificial neural network Minimum detectable activity

Lossless Compression Method for the Magnetic and Helioseismic Imager(MHI)Payload

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第4期24卷 214-221页

作者： Li-Yue Tong jia-Ben Lin Yuan-Yong Deng Kai-Fan Ji Jun-Feng hou Quan Wang Xiao Yang National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Yunnan Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650216China

The Solar Polar-orbit Observatory(SPO),proposed by Chinese scientists,is designed to observe the solar polar regions in an unprecedented way with a spacecraft traveling in a large solar inclination angle and a small ***,one of the most significant challenges lies in ultra-long-distance data transmission,particularly for the Magnetic and Helioseismic Imager(MHI),which is the most important payload and generates the largest volume of data in *** this paper,we propose a tailored lossless data compression method based on the measurement mode and characteristics of MHI *** background out of the solar disk is removed to decrease the pixel number of an image under *** predictive coding methods are combined to eliminate the redundancy utilizing the correlation(space,spectrum,and polarization)in data set,improving the compression *** results demonstrate that our method achieves an average compression ratio of *** compression time is also less than the general observation *** method exhibits strong feasibility and can be easily adapted to MHI.

关键词： methods:data analysis techniques:image processing Sun:magnetic fields Sun:photosphere

CO_(2)flooding in shale oil reservoir with radial borehole fracturing for CO_(2)storage and enhanced oil recovery

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 519-534页

作者： jia-Cheng Dai Tian-Yu Wang Jin-Tao Weng Kang-jian Tian Li-Ying Zhu Gen-Sheng Li State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting China University of PetroleumBeijing102249China China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Company Limited Beijing100034China

This study introduces a novel method integrating CO_(2)flooding with radial borehole fracturing for enhanced oil recovery and CO_(2)underground storage,a solution to the limited vertical stimulation reservoir volume in horizontal well fracturing.A numerical model is established to investigate the production rate,reservoir pressure field,and CO_(2)saturation distribution corresponding to changing time of CO_(2)flooding with radial borehole fracturing.A sensitivity analysis on the influence of CO_(2)injection location,layer spacing,pressure difference,borehole number,and hydraulic fractures on oil production and CO_(2)storage is *** CO_(2)flooding process is divided into four *** in layer spacing will significantly improve oil production rate and gas storage ***,serious gas channeling can occur when the spacing is lower than 20 *** the pressure difference between the producer and injector,the borehole number,the hydraulic fracture height,and the fracture width can also increase the oil production rate and gas storage *** analysis shows that layer spacing and fracture height greatly influence gas storage and oil *** outcomes are expected to provide a theoretical basis for the efficient development of shale oil reservoirs in the vertical direction.

关键词： Shale oil Radial borehole fracturing Embedded discrete fracture model Enhanced oil recovery Carbon storage

Molecular Evolution of Protein Sequences and Codon Usage in Monkeypox Viruses

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2024年第1期22卷 89-97页

作者： Ke-jia Shan Changcheng Wu Xiaolu Tang Roujian Lu Yaling Hu Wenjie Tan jian Lu State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research Center for BioinformaticsSchool of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Sinovac Biotech Ltd. Beijing 100085China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijing 100052China

The monkeypox virus(mpox virus,MPXV)epidemic in 2022 has posed a significant public health ***,the evolutionary principles of MPXV remain largely ***,we examined the evolutionary patterns of protein sequences and codon usage in *** first demonstrated the signal of positive selection in OPG027,specifically in the CladeⅠlineage of ***,we discovered accelerated protein sequence evolution over time in the variants responsible for the 2022 ***,we showed strong epistasis between amino acid substitutions located in different *** codon adaptation index(CAI)analysis revealed that MPXV genes tended to use more non-preferred codons compared to human genes,and the CAI decreased over time and diverged between clades,with CladeⅠ>Ⅱa andⅡb-A>Ⅱ*** the decrease in fatality rate among the three groups aligned with the CAI pattern,it remains unclear whether this correlation was coincidental or if the deoptimization of codon usage in MPXV led to a reduction in fatality *** study sheds new light on the mechanisms that govern the evolution of MPXV in human populations.

关键词： Mpox virus Positive selection OPG027 Accelerated evolution Codon usage bias

Optical and electrical anisotropy regulation engineering of low-dimensional materials toward polarized detection and imaging applications

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 2968-2993页

作者： jian-Bin Zhang Nan Zhou Li-Hui Zhang Cong-Hui Shang jia-Xuan Li Yi Zhao Guo-Hui jia Ru-Sen Yang Hua Xu Xiao-Bo Li Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene Shaanxi Key Laboratory of High-Orbits-Electron Materials and Protection Technology for AerospaceShaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of GrapheneSchool of Advanced Materials and NanotechnologyXidian UniversityXi'an710126China Guangzhou Institute of Technology Xidian UniversityGuangzhou 710068China Xi'an Thermal Power Research Institute Co. LtdXi'an 710054China Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry Ministry of EducationShaanxi Key Laboratory for Advanced Energy DevicesShaanxi Engineering Lab for Advanced Energy TechnologySchool of Materials Science and EngineeringShaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an Xi'an 710119China

Polarized-sensitive image sensors are a kind of photodetector with great development potential due to their enhanced ability to detect and identify the target objects from the aspect of spatial,spectral and polarized ***,low-dimensional anisotropic materials with inherent anisotropic properties,ultrathin thickness,tunable bandgap and feasible integration with complementary metal oxide semiconductor(CMOS)fabrication processes have attracted great interest for their facilitation of polarized photodetector devices *** the polarized detection performance of low-dimensional materials to satisfy realistic needs stimulates the exploration of modulation of anisotropic *** this review,we comprehensively introduce the latest research progress in modulating the optical and optoelectronic anisotropy characteristics of low-dimensional *** strategy of anisotropy regulation through crystal structure engineering and coupling system is discussed ***,the latest progress in image recognition applications using anisotropic low-dimensional materials is reviewed in ***,we summarize the challenge and propose future opportunities in the practical application of polarized-sensitive imaging photodetectors based on low-dimensional anisotropic materials.

关键词： Anisotropy Polarized detection Image recognition Low-dimensional materials

Elaborate Design of Two Novel Fluorescent Zinc-based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Highly Efficient Tetracycline Antibiotics Detection

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Chemical Research in Chinese Universities 2024年第3期40卷 499-507页

作者： TAO He JI Chengshan ZHANG jian YIN Yuanyuan jia Wenwen jianG Xin XU Jie YANG Yulin MIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150001P.R.China

The abuse of tetracycline antibiotics has caused great harm to human health and *** inexpensive,convenient and sensitive methods for the detection of tetracycline antibiotics is highly ***,based on the H_(4)ddp ligand[H_(4)ddp=3-(3,5-dicarboxyphenyl)pyridine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid],two novel zinc-based metal-organic frameworks(MOFs){[Zn_(3)(ddp)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(4)]·3H_(2)O}n(Zn1-ddp)and{[Zn_(3)(ddp)_(2)(H_(2)O)_(4)]·3H_(2)O}n(Zn2-ddp)were successfully designed by delicate structural *** Zn1-ddp and Zn2-ddp exhibited excellent water and chemical stability and showed excellent fluorescence quenching performance for tetracycline ***,the more advanced framework structure and better fluorescent performance make Zn1-ddp more sensitive than Zn2-ddp in fluorescent detection with a detection limit of 0.29µmol/L for tetracycline(TC),0.09µmol/L for doxycycline(DOX),0.10µmol/L for minocycline(MIN)and metacycline(MEL),0.19µmol/L for chlortetracycline(CTC),and 0.67µmol/L for oxytetracycline(OTC)among tetracycline *** fluorescence quenching mechanism of Zn1-ddp and Zn2-ddp for tetracycline antibiotics detection was deeply *** reasons for the superior detection performance of Zn1-ddp over Zn2-ddp were also analyzed in depth through Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry(FTIR),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)analysis and framework structure *** developed method opens up a new perspective for antibiotics detection based on zinc-based MOFs.

关键词： Water system Metal-organic framework Fluorescent detection Tetracycline antibiotic

Design and Cryogenic Performance of a Hexapod Platform for a Large Ground-based Wide Field Survey Telescope

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第1期24卷 178-187页

作者： Yang Yu Xue-Wen Wang Yu Zhang jia-Lin Sun Zhen-Bang Xu jian-Li Wang Changchun Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics and PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130033China Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of On-orbit Manufacturing and Integration for Space Optics System Changchun 130033China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The thermal gradient is an important factor that causes degradation to the image quality of telescopes. In order to ensure the accurate alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, the hexapod platform(as a corrector) is investigated in this paper. First, a ground-based telescope with 2.5 m aperture and 3.5 deg field of view is described. The telescope is under construction, and it is expected to be finished in 2023. Second, the hexapod platform with flexure hinges utilized to adjust the primary focus unit is proposed, which is applied as a ***, the inverse kinematics of the platform is established and an open-loop control system is built based on ***, the cryogenic performance test for the hexapod platform is performed. The experimental results show that the resolution and repeatability of the translation for the hexapod platform can be achieved at the micrometer *** resolution and repeatability of the rotation can be achieved at the arc-second level. Therefore, the cryogenic performance of the hexapod platform can meet the optical imaging requirements of the wide-field ground-based telescope. The kinematic analysis and cryogenic performance tests in the paper provide a technical reference for the precise alignment of the primary focus unit and the primary mirror, which can improve the imaging quality of the telescope.

关键词： methods:miscellaneous space vehicles:instruments telescopes miscellaneous

Hybrid electromechanical properties of hetero-doped and homogeneously bonded dual-mode pressure sensor for indoor body area network node

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 240-253页

作者： Junbin YU Shuai XIAN Jinbiao MU Min WANG Yin WANG Xiaojuan hou Le ZHANG jian HE Jiliang MU Xiujian Chou Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement Laboratory North University of China Sichuan Aerospace Fenghuo Servo Control Technology Corporation

Pressure sensors are considerably important for continuous monitoring of human movement and the surrounding environment to construct a caregiving system for the elderly living *** challenge for pressure sensors that still remains is combining self-driven,comfort,and ***,an all-in-one conformal pressure sensor(ACPS) based on a homogeneous integrated triboelectric-piezoelectric hybrid sensor is *** ACPS has dual-mode sensing properties due to coupling triboelectrification and piezoelectric effect ensuring a stable response to various external ***-coated glass microspheres and polyacrylonitrile were uniformly filleted into the silicone rubber substrate using a hetero-doping method to create a stretchable electrode layer with flexible conformal characteristics and a piezoelectric layer with excellent piezoelectric properties,***,the triboelectric layer was fabricated using the same silicone rubber,allowing ACPS to be homogeneously bonded into an all-in-one structure with reliable *** allowed various functional layers to have outstanding interface characteristics and thus improve the electrical transmission *** developed ACPS had outstanding sensitivity(1.04 V/104Pa),high linearity(about 0.984),a wide measurement range(10–700 k Pa),and can accurately and continuously distinguish multiple ***,using a homemade signal processing circuit,ACPSs can be deployed in the human body and the room as indoor body area network *** successfully applied to the remote tracking of daily dynamic home life and the remote operation of small electrical equipment,these ACPSs can achieve real-time caregiving for the elderly living *** an application area desperately needed by society,this study envisions a caregiving system for the elderly living alone without violating personal privacy.

关键词： dual-mode pressure sensor homogeneous bonding all-in-one structure indoor body area network node elderly caregiving microsystem