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A metabolite of the gut microbiota:a facilitator of chemotherapy efficacy in cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2023年第7期8卷 3189-3191页

作者： Byungsuk kwon School of Biological Sciences University of UlsanUlsanRepublic of Korea

A recent study has identified a surprising metabolic connection between the gut microbiota and intratumoral neutrophils that impairs the oxidative stress adaptation response to chemotherapy in pancreatic cancer.1 This finding suggests that a microbiota metabolite might be used as an additive in improving chemotherapeutic efficacy for cancer patients.

关键词： chemotherapy cancer additive

Effect of gastric acid suppressants and prokinetics on peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第25期20卷 8187-8194页

作者： ji Eun kwon Seong-Joon Koh Jaeyoung Chun ji Won Kim Byeong Gwan Kim Kook Lae Lee Jong Pil Im Joo Sung Kim Hyun Chae Jung Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoul 110-799South Korea Department of Internal Medicine Seoul National University Boramae HospitalSeoul 156-707South Korea

AIM: To investigate the effect of gastric acid suppressants and prokinetics on peritonitis development in peritoneal dialysis(PD) ***: This was a single-center, retrospective study. The medical records of 398 PD patients were collected from January 2000 to September 2012 and analyzed to compare patients with at least one episode of peritonitis(peritonitis group, group A) to patients who never had peritonitis(no peritonitis group, group B). All peritonitis episodes were analyzed to compare peritonitis caused by enteric organisms and peritonitis caused by non-enteric ***: Among the 120 patients who met the inclusion criteria, 61 patients had at least one episode ofperitonitis and 59 patients never experienced peritonitis. Twenty-four of 61 patients(39.3%) in group A and 15 of 59 patients(25.4%) in group B used gastric acid suppressants. Only the use of H2-blocker(H2B) was associated with an increased risk of PD-related peritonitis; the use of proton pump inhibitors, other antacids, and prokinetics was not found to be a significant risk factor for PD-related peritonitis. A total of 81 episodes of peritonitis were divided into enteric peritonitis(EP) or non-enteric peritonitis, depending on the causative organism, and gastric acid suppressants and prokinetics did not increase the risk of EP in PD ***: The use of H2B showed a trend for an increased risk of overall PD-related peritonitis, although further studies are required to clarify the effects of drugs on PD-related peritonitis.

关键词： Proton pump inhibitors Histamine 2 receptor antagonists Gastrointestinal motility Peritoneal dialysis Peritonitis

Immunomodulatory nanodiamond aggregate-based platform for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis

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Regenerative Biomaterials 2019年第3期6卷 163-174页

作者： Amanda Pentecost Min Ju Kim Sangmin Jeon Young ji Ko Ick Chan kwon Yury Gogotsi Kwangmeyung Kim Kara L.Spiller Department of Materials Science and Engineering College of EngineeringDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA School of Biomedical Engineering Scienceand Health SystemsDrexel UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Biomedical Research Institute Center for TheragnosisKorea Institute of Science and TechnologySeoulSouth Korea

We previously demonstrated that octadecylamine-functionalized nanodiamond(ND-ODA)and dexamethasone(Dex)-adsorbed ND-ODA(ND-ODA–Dex)promoted anti-inflammatory and proregenerative behavior in human macrophages in *** this study,we performed a pilot study to investigate if these immunomodulatory effects translate when used as a treatment for rheumatoid arthritis in *** local injection in limbs of mice with collagen type II-induced arthritis,microcomputed tomography showed that mice treated with a low dose of ND-ODA and ND-ODA–Dex did not experience bone loss to the levels observed in non-treated arthritic controls.A low dose of ND-ODA and ND-ODA–Dex also reduced macrophage infiltration and expression of proinflammatory mediators iNOS and tumor necrosis factor-a compared to the arthritic control,while a high dose of ND-ODA increased expression of these ***,these results suggest that ND-ODA may be useful as an inherently immunomodulatory platform,and support the need for an in-depth study,especially with respect to the effects of dose.

关键词： drug delivery nanobiomaterials biomaterial–cell interaction

Highly pixelated,untethered tactile interfaces for an ultra-flexible on-skin telehaptic system

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npj Flexible Electronics 2022年第1期6卷 809-819页

作者： Hanbit jin Yunjeong Kim Wooseup Youm Yulim Min Saerom Seo Chaehyun Lim Chan-Hwa Hong Seyoung kwon Gyeongseok Park Steve Park hye jin Kim Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute(ETRI) DaejeonKorea Korea University of Science and Technology(UST) DaejeonKorea Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST) DaejeonKorea

Realizing highly immersive tactile interactions requires a skin-integrated,untethered,high-definition tactile transducer devices that can record and generate tactile ***,the rigid and bulky form factor,and insufficient resolution of existing actuators are hindering the reproduction of sophisticated tactile sensations and immersive user ***,we demonstrate an ultraflexible tactile interface with high spatial resolution of 1.8 mm for telehaptic communication on human *** mechanism sensors and sub-mm scale piezoceramic actuators are designed to record and generate the static and dynamic pressures in a wide frequency range(1 Hz to 1 kHz).Moreover,actuators are integrated on ultra-flexible substrate with chessboard pattern to minimize stress during mechanical ***,remote transmissions of various tactile stimuli,such as shapes,textures,and vibration patterns were demonstrated by the telehaptic system with low latency(<1.55 ms)and high fidelity as proven by the shorttime Fourier-transform analysis.

关键词： tile system Highly

Effect of asymmetrical channel chirping on field intensity patterns of supermodes and modal discrimination in index guided laser arrays

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Journal of Central South University 2014年第9期21卷 3513-3517页

作者： Kee-Young kwon College of Engineering Kongju National University

The effect of channel-width chirping on near- and far-field intensity patterns of the six supermodes was investigated. The supermode discrimination was evaluated in various channel-chirped index guided laser arrays. The results show that the linearly channel-chirped laser array has very good supermode discrimination which is better than that of a uniform laser array, the V channel-chirped laser array has the smallest radiation angle of the fundamental supermode among the calculated arrays, and the asymmetrically V channel-chirped array has a very small radiation angle of the fundamental supermode, which is smaller than that of the uniform array and also allows for very good fundamental supermode discrimination against the higher-order supermodes, which is better than that of the V channel-chirped laser array.

关键词： laser array channel-width chirping field pattern modal gain

Assessment of colon polyp morphology: Is education effective?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第34期23卷 6281-6286页

作者： Jae Hyun Kim Kyoung Sik Nam hye Jung kwon Youn Jung Choi Kyoungwon Jung Sung Eun Kim Won Moon Moo In Park Seun Ja Park Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineKosin University College of Medicine

AIM To determine the inter-observer variability for colon polyp morphology and to identify whether education can improve agreement among *** For purposes of the tests, we recorded colonoscopy video clips that included scenes visualizing the polyps. A total of 15 endoscopists and 15 nurses participated in the study. Participants watched 60 video clips of the polyp morphology scenes and then estimated polyp morphology(pre-test). After education for 20 min, participants performed a second test in which the order of 60 video clips was changed(post-test). To determine if the effectiveness of education was sustained, four months later, a third, follow-up test was performed with the same *** The overall Fleiss' kappa value of the inter-observer agreement was 0.510 in the pre-test, 0.618 in the post-test, and 0.580 in the follow-up test. The overall diagnostic accuracy of the estimation for polyp morphology in the pre-, post-, and follow-up tests was 0.662, 0.797, and 0.761, respectively. After education, the inter-observer agreement and diagnostic accuracy of all participants improved. However, after four months, the inter-observer agreement and diagnostic accuracy of expert groups were markedly decreased, and those of beginner and nurse groups remained similar to pre-test levels. CONCLUSION The education program used in this study can improve inter-observer agreement and diagnostic accuracy in assessing the morphology of colon polyps; it is especially effective when first learning endoscopy.

关键词： Colon polyp Morphology Education

Chemodynamics of heavy metals in long-term contaminated soils:Metal speciation in soil solution

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第11期21卷 1532-1540页

作者： kwon-Rae Kim Gary Owens Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation University of South Australia Climate Change & Agroecology Division Department of Agricultural Environment National Academy of Agricultural Science

The concentration and speciation of heavy metals in soil solution isolated from long-term contaminated soils were investigated. The soil solution was extracted at 70% maximum water holding capacity （MWHC） after equilibration for 24 h. The free metal concentrations （Cd^2＋, Cu^2＋, Pb^2＋, and Zn^2＋） in soil solution were determined using the Donnan membrane technique （DMT）. Initially the DMT was validated using artificial solutions where the percentage of free metal ions were significantly correlated with the percentages predicted using MINTEQA2. However, there was a significant difference between the absolute free ion concentrations predicted by MINTEQA2 and the values determined by the DMT. This was due to the significant metal adsorption onto the cation exchange membrane used in the DMT with 20%, 28%, 44%, and 8% mass loss of the initial total concentration of Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in solution, respectively. This could result in a significant error in the determination of free metal ions when using DMT if no allowance for membrane cation adsorption was made. Relative to the total soluble metal concentrations the amounts of free Cd^2＋（3%-52%） and Zn^2＋（11%-72%） in soil solutions were generally higher than those of Cu^2＋（0.2%-30%） and Pb^2＋（0.6%-10%）. Among the key soil solution properties, dissolved heavy metal concentrations were the most significant factor governing free metal ion concentrations. Soil solution pH showed only a weak relationship with free metal ion partitioning coefficients （Kp） and dissolved organic carbon did not show any significant influence on Kp.

关键词： Donnan membrane technique free metal ion heavy metals partitioning coefficient solubility speciation

Prospect of developing Nd-Fe-B-type magnet with high electrical resistivity

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Rare Metals 2020年第1期39卷 2-12页

作者： Hae-Woong kwon Min-Seok Kang Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pukyong National UniversityBusan48547Republic of Korea

Nd-Fe-B-type magnet is exclusively used as a rotor magnet in the traction motor of hybrid electric vehicle(HEV)and electric vehicle(EV),but its overly high operating temperature is a lingering problem attached to the *** major cause of the high operating temperature is eddy current,which is readily generated in the highly conductive metallic magnet under alternating magnetic field from stator *** this article,temperature rise in the Nd-Fe-B-type magnet with varying electrical resistivity under alternating magnetic field is discussed with the intention of highlighting the importance of enhancing the electrical resistivity for reducing the operating temperature of the Nd-Fe-B-type rotor *** rise in the Nd-Fe-B-type magnet(dielectric salt-added die-upset magnet)with high electrical resistivity is noticeably lower compared to the magnet(commercial sintered rotor magnet)with lower electrical resistivity,substantiating the theory that enhancing the electrical resistivity in the rotor magnet is fairly effective for suppressing the over-rise of its operating temperature during ***-upset process is revealed to be particularly pertinent for the fabrication of highly dense salt-added magnet with high electrical resistivity.

关键词： Rare-earth magnet Nd-Fe-B-type magnet Rotor magnet Operating temperature Eddy current Electrical resistivity

All-hydrocarbon,all-conjugated cycloparaphenylene-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon host–guest complexes stabilized by CH–πinteractions

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5545-5555页

作者： hyejin kwon Carson.J.Bruns Paul M.Rady Department of Mechanical Engineering University of ColoradoBoulder427 UCB1111 Engineering DriveBoulderCO 80309USA ATLAS Institute 112518th St.320 UCBBoulderCO 80309USA

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are promising nanocarbon materials with diverse optoelectronic properties,yet they also pose concerning environmental and health *** the ubiquity of PAHs in the environment(crude oil,emissions,and biomass),most supermolecules rely on heteroatoms for *** discovered and characterized a family of all-hydrocarbon,all-π-conjugated[n]cycloparaphenylene-PAH host–guest *** built a theoretical framework to rapidly select these complexes and predict their stabilities,driven exclusively by CH–π*** than a dozen complexes were confirmed experimentally and assembled directly from commercially available *** motif offers a versatile way to combine the advantageous properties of organic semiconductors with the rich dynamic,stereochemical,stimulus-responsive,and stressdissipative behavior of host–guest complexes,while creating new opportunities for bespoke PAH separation or remediation materials.

关键词： cycloparaphenylenes density functional calculations host−guest systems hydrocarbons polycycles self-assembly supramolecular chemistry