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Free-electron crystals for enhanced X-ray radiation

Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第7期13卷 1299-1309页

作者： Lee wei wesley wong Xihang Shi Aviv Karnieli jeremy Lim Suraj Kumar Sergio carbajo Ido Kaminer Liang Jie wong School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore. Solid State Institute and Faculty of Electrical and computer Engineering Technion–Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifa 3200003Israel. School of Electrical Engineering Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel Aviv 69978Israel Department of Applied Physics Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA. Science Mathematics and TechnologySingapore University of Technology and Design8 Somapah RoadSingapore 487372Singapore. Electrical and computer Engineering Department UCLA420 WestwoodLos AngelesCA 90095USA. Physics and Astronomy Department UCLA475 Portola PlazaLos AngelesCA 90095USA. SLAc National Accelerator Laboratory Stanford University2575 Sand Hill RoadMenlo ParkCA 94025USA

Bremsstrahlung—the spontaneous emission of broadband radiation from free electrons that are deflected by atomic nuclei—contributes to the majority of X-rays emitted from X-ray tubes and used in applications ranging from medical imaging to semiconductor chip ***,we show that the bremsstrahlung intensity can be enhanced significantly—by more than three orders of magnitude—through shaping the electron wavefunction to periodically overlap with atoms in crystalline ***,we show how to shape the bremsstrahlung X-ray emission pattern into arbitrary angular emission profiles for purposes such as unidirectionality and ***,we find that these enhancements and shaped emission profiles cannot be attributed solely to the spatial overlap between the electron probability distribution and the atomic centers,as predicted by the paraxial and nonrecoil theory for free electron light *** work highlights an unprecedented regime of free electron light emission where electron waveshaping provides multi-dimensional control over practical radiation processes like *** results pave the way towards greater versatility in table-top X-ray sources and improved fundamental understanding of quantum electron-light interactions.

关键词： overlap attributed arbitrary

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Machine learning based detection of clustered earthquakes in the weiyuan Shale Gas Field, Sichuan, china

Machine learning based detection of clustered earthquakes in...

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2020年中国地球科学联合学术年会

作者： jeremy w.c.wong Jinping Zi Pengcheng Zhou Hongfeng Yang Jinrong Su

Anthropogenic activities induced seismicity have been widely reported and investigated in a variety of regions, including shale gas field in the Sichuan basin where the number of earthquakes increased drastically since 2014. However, how the earthquakes were induced remains poorly understood, partly due to the lack of high-resolution spatial-temporal evolution of seismicity.

关键词： Machine learning based detection of clustered earthquakes in the weiyuan Shale Gas Field Sichuan

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Mechanistic modeling of copper corrosions in data center environments

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Building Simulation 2024年第3期17卷 483-492页

作者： Rui Zhang Jianshun Zhang Roger Schmidt jeremy L.Gilbert Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering College of Engineering and Computer ScienceSyracuse UniversitySyracuseNY13244USA Buildings and Transportation Science Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37830USA SyracusecoE-New York center of Excellence in Environmental and Energy Systems Syracuse University727 E.Washington StreetSyracuseNY13244USA Department of Bioengineering Clemson UniversityClemson-Medical University of South Carolina Bioengineering ProgramCharlestonSC29425USA

Air-side economizers are increasingly used to take advantage of“free-cooling”in data centers with the intent of reducing the carbon footprint of ***,they can introduce outdoor pollutants to indoor environment of data centers and cause corrosion damage to the information technology *** evaluate the reliability of information technology equipment under various thermal and air-pollution conditions,a mechanistic model based on multi-ion transport and chemical reactions was *** model was used to predict cu corrosion caused by cl_(2)-containing pollutant *** also accounted for the effects of temperature(25℃and 28℃),relative humidity(50%,75%,and 95%),and *** also identified higher air temperature as a corrosion barrier and higher relative humidity as a corrosion accelerator,which agreed well with the experimental *** average root mean square error of the prediction was 13.7Å.The model can be used to evaluate the thermal guideline for data centers design and operation when cl_(2)is present based on pre-established acceptable risk of corrosion in data centers’environment.

关键词： chloride pollutant mixture copper corrosion model data center temperature relative humidity synergistic effect

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Scalable orthogonal delay-division multiplexed OEO artificial neural network trained for TI-ADc equalization

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Photonics Research 2024年第1期12卷 85-105页

作者： ANDREA ZAZZI ARKA DIPTA DAS LUKAS HüSSEN RENATO NEGRA jeremy wITZENS Institute of Integrated Photonics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany chair of High-Frequency Electronics RWTH Aachen University52074 AachenGermany

we propose a new signaling scheme for on-chip optical-electrical-optical artificial neural networks that utilizes orthogonal delay-division multiplexing and pilot-tone-based self-homodyne *** scheme offers a more efficient scaling of the optical power budget with increasing network *** simulations,based on220 nm silicon-on-insulator silicon photonics technology,suggest that the network can support 31×31 neurons,with 961 links and freely programmable weights,using a single 500 m w optical comb and a signal-to-noise ratio of 21.3 d B per ***,it features a low sensitivity to temperature fluctuations,ensuring that it can be operated outside of a laboratory *** demonstrate the network’s effectiveness in nonlinear equalization tasks by training it to equalize a time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter(ADc)architecture,achieving an effective number of bits over 4 over the entire 75 GHz ADc *** anticipate that this network architecture will enable broadband and low latency nonlinear signal processing in practical settings such as ultra-broadband data converters and real-time control systems.

关键词： network delay artificial

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changes of tropical cyclone size in three oceanic basins of the northern hemisphere from 2001 to 2021

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Frontiers of Earth Science 2024年第2期18卷 312-323页

作者： Banglin ZHANG jeremy cheuk-Hin LEUNG Shengyuan LIU Jianjun XU Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical weather Prediction CMAGuangzhou 510640China college of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020China college of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China cMA-GDOU Joint Laboratory for Marine Meteorology&South china Sea Institute of Marine Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China

In this study the changes of tropical cyclone(Tc)size from 2001 to 2021 are analyzed based on linear and quadratic curve fittings of the National Hurricane center(NHc)/Joint Typhoon warning center(JTwc)best track data,based on the radius of maximum wind(RMw)and the average radius of 34-kt wind(AR34),in three oceanic basins of the North Atlantic(NATL),the western North Pacific(wPAc)and the Eastern North Pacific(EPAc).The computations are done separately for two categories of tropical cyclones:tropical storms(TS)and hurricanes(HT).Size changes of landfalling and non-landfalling Tcs are also *** show that there is a great inter-basin variability among the changes in Tc *** conclusions include:1)overall,the inner cores of TSs have become larger in all three basins,with the increasing tendencies being significant in the NATL and wAPc,while those of HTs mostly get smaller or remain similar;2)meanwhile,comparatively large inter-basin differences are observed for the Tc outer core sizes,and the sizes of landfalling Tcs;3)particularly,a significant decrease in landfalling HT outer core size is observed over the EPAc;4)in contrast,significant increases in landfalling TS inner core size are found over the NATL and *** presented analysis results could benefit future research about Tc forecasts,storm surge studies,and the cyclone climate and its changes.

关键词： tropical cyclone storm size frequency intensity duration

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combinatorial Optimization of Physics Parameterization Schemes for Typhoon Simulation Based on a Simple Genetic Algorithm(SGA)

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2024年第1期38卷 10-26页

作者： Zebin LU Jianjun XU Zhiqiang cHEN Jinyi YANG jeremy cheuk-Hin LEUNG Daosheng XU Banglin ZHANG china Meteorological Administration–Guangdong Ocean University Joint Laboratory for Marine Meteorology South China Sea Institute of Marine MeteorologyGuangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088 college of Ocean and Meteorology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088 Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Regional Numerical weather Prediction China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510640 Shenzhen Institute of Guangdong Ocean University Shenzhen 518120 college of Atmospheric Science Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000

Each physical process in a numerical weather prediction(NwP)system may have many different parameterization *** studies have shown that the performance of different physical parameterization schemes varies with the weather situation to be ***,it is necessary to select a suitable combination of physical parameterization schemes according to the variation of weather ***,it is rather difficult to identify an optimal combination among millions of possible parameterization scheme *** study applied a simple genetic algorithm(SGA)to optimizing the combination of parameterization schemes in NwP models for typhoon *** feasibility of SGA was verified with the simulation of Typhoon Mujigae(2015)by using the weather Research and Forecasting(wRF)model and Typhoon Higos(2020)by using the coupled Ocean–Atmosphere–wave–Sediment Transport(cOAwST)modeling *** results show that SGA can efficiently obtain the optimal combination of *** Typhoon Mujigae(2015),the optimal combination can be found from the 1,304,576 possible combinations by running only 488 *** results can be obtained for Typhoon Higos(2020).compared to the default combination proposed by the cOAwST model system,the optimal combination scheme significantly improves the simulation of typhoon track and *** study provides a feasible way to search for the optimal combinations of physical parameterization schemes in wRF and cOAwST for more accurate typhoon *** can help provide references for future development of NwP models,and for analyzing the coordination and adaptability of different physical process parameterization schemes under specific weather backgrounds.

关键词： simple genetic algorithm(SGA) combinatorial optimization typhoon forecast numerical weather prediction(NwP)

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waveguide-based augmented reality displays: a highlight

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 10-12页

作者： Jannick P.Rolland jeremy Goodsell Institute of Optics University of Rochester480 Intercampus DriveRochesterNY14627USA center for Freeform Optics University of RochesterRochesterNY14627USA center for Visual Science University of RochesterRochesterNY14627USA

Augmented reality(AR),which emerged in the 1960s,remains a focal point of interest given its capacity to overlay the real world with digitally presented information through optical *** prevalent combiner,commonly known as the waveguide in the AR literature,is prized for its compact design and generous eyebox—essential elements in human-centric ***,these combiners encounter unique challenges in meeting various other requirements of the human visual *** paper highlights a recent review of technological advancements and presents a forward-looking perspective on the future of AR technology.

关键词： waveguide waveguide looking

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Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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world Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III jeremy L.Barth Rodney J.Schlosser Thomas S.Edwards Timothy L.Smith Zachary M.Soler Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Regenerative Medicine&cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(cRS)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflammation of the olfactory cleft mucosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate mucosal specimens,comparing normosmic and dysosmic cRS patients without polyps(cRSsNP).Methods:Tissue samples were obtained from the superior turbinates of patients with cRSsNP at the time of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosmic(n=7)and normosmic(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis comparing dysosmic and normosmic cRSsNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for multiple comparisons,one upregulated gene(Immediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP value considered statistically significant(Pchange 2.69).Reactome functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosmic and normosmic patients(Pcorrection)including IL-4 and IL-13 signaling,IL-10 signaling,and rhodopsin-like ***:RNA sequencing of the superior turbinates in patients with cRSsNP can provide valuable information regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflammation may play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least some patients with *** study also prompts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

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Recovery rates of persistent post-cOVID-19 olfactory dysfunction using psychophysical assessment:A longitudinal cohort study

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world Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 79-87页

作者： jeremy P.Tervo Patricia T.Jacobson Brandon J.Vilarello Tiana M.Saak Francesco F.caruana Liam w.Gallagher Joseph B.Gary David A.Gudis Paule V.Joseph D.P.Devanand Terry E.Goldberg Jonathan B.Overdevest columbia University Vagelos college of Physicians and Surgeons New YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical CenterNew YorkNew YorkUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMinnesotaUSA National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Section of Sensory Science and Metabolism&National Institute of Nursing ResearchBethesdaMarylandUSA New York-Presbyterian/columbia University Irving Medical center New YorkNew YorkUSA

Objectives:Persistent olfactory dysfunction(OD)following loss of smell associated with SARS-coV-2 infection is a major feature of long *** on the prevalence of persistent OD predominantly rely on self-reported olfactory *** studies have tracked longitudinal rates of recovery using psychophysical assessment among patients presenting for evaluation of persistent OD beyond a window of acute *** anchored in standardized testing methods are needed to counsel patients who fail to acutely regain their sense of *** study aims to quantify the degree of persistent OD in post-cOVID-19 patients who experience subjective and psychophysical ***:we grouped participants presenting for OD evaluation into cohorts based on both subjective and psychophysical olfactory status at a baseline assessment and assessed their olfactory abilities with a visual analogue scale and the Sniffin'Sticks extended test at baseline and 1-year time *** had confirmed a history of cOVID-19 by lab evaluation or clinical diagnosis if lab evaluation was not ***:Baseline olfactory evaluation was completed by 122 participants,53 of whom completed the 1-year follow-up *** participants presenting with perceived OD,74.5%had confirmed psychophysical OD at baseline,with 55.1%at 1-year *** had reliable trends in self-rated versus psychophysically tested olfactory function at both time *** total threshold,discrimination,and identification(TDI)score improved by+3.25 points in the cohort with psychophysical OD(p=0.0005),with this improvement largely attributable to an increase in median threshold scores(+2.75 points;p=0.0004).conclusions:OD persists in a significant number of patients who fail to acutely recovery their sense of smell after cOVID-19,with many demonstrating lingering deficits at *** in threshold,but not discrimination or identification,most significantly mediate improvement

关键词： long cOVID olfaction post-cOVID condition smell dysfunction

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Implications of de Facto Reuse on Future Regulatory Developments for Beaufort-Jasper water & Sewer Authority in Okatie, South carolina, USA

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第2期15卷 173-192页

作者： Tricia H. Kilgore Shubhashini Oza jeremy Hatfield Katherine Y. Bell Department of Technology and Innovation Beaufort-Jasper Water & Sewer Authority Okatie SC USA Department of Research and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Charlotte NC USA Department of Digital Solutions Brown and Caldwell Cleveland OH USA Department of Research and Innovation Brown and Caldwell Nashville TN USA

A significant portion of the national water supply can be attributed to de facto or unplanned potable reuse, though the extent of its contribution is difficult to estimate. Fortunately, the contribution of water Resource Recovery Facility (wRRF) effluent to waters that supply drinking water treatment plants has been documented by some communities. In the United States (US), among the top 25 most impacted drinking water treatment plants by upstream wRRF, 16% of the influent flow to the drinking water treatment plant under average streamflow and up to 100% under low-flow conditions is wRRF effluent. currently, the full extent of de facto reuse in the US may be much higher because of population growth. The scenario is no different for Beaufort-Jasper water and Sewer Authority (BJwSA) in South carolina, US, with contributions to the Savannah River originating from numerous wRRF and other upstream dischargers. South carolina coastal utilities such as BJSwA are considering direct and indirect potable reuse options, driven by disposal limitations and challenges. currently, South carolina does not have a framework, guidelines, or regulations for reuse, but discussions have started among the regulated community. In addition to understanding the extent of de facto reuse, the state will need to develop standards and best practices to enable future adoption of planned potable reuse solutions to water resources challenges. Such guidance should address human health risk management and technical considerations regarding treatment in addition to other factors, including source control, storage, fail-safe operation, monitoring, non-cost factors, and public acceptance. This study conducted a mapping assessment specific to BJwSA, sampled at four locations on Savannah River, and observed that de facto reuse is approximately 4.6% to 5.9% during low-flow months and is within the range generally observed nationwide. when coupled with evidence that planned potable reuse can improve human h

关键词： water Reuse De Facto Reuse Planned Potable Reuse water Recycling wastewater Derived contaminants

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