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Comparing the Effect of Pruning on a Best Path and a Na?ve-approach Blackboard Solver

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2015年第5期12卷 503-510页

作者： jeremy Straub Department of Computer Science University of North DakotaGrand Forks North Dakota 58202 USA

A na?ve solver is one approach that can be used to identify prospective solutions based on data on(or projected to be on) a Blackboard Architecture’s blackboard. The na?ve solver approach doesn t implement heuristics or other techniques to determine what solution paths to attempt first. Instead, it runs the blackboard forward(simulating what would occur if data were gradually added to the blackboard at a faster-than-real time rate). The approach doesn t guarantee that an optimal solution will be found and will need to be run repetitively to create multiple solutions for comparison. This paper assesses the effect of pre-pruning the blackboard’s facts and rules to remove those that are not relevant(e.g., facts that cannot be asserted, rules that cannot be triggered) or which produce irrelevant facts and pruning actions that produce irrelevant facts(and/or trigger other similarly useless actions). It describes the Blackboard implementation and its utility, explains the pruning process used and presents quantitative and qualitative assessment of the utility of pruning to a na?ve solver’s operations. This value is extrapolated to facilitate consideration of a more robust pruning process which also removes low-value facts, actions and rules in addition to those being removed due to their uselessness.

关键词： Blackboard Architecture blackboard maintenance con

Hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer: The rise and fall of a confusing term

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第31期12卷 4943-4950页

作者： jeremy R Jass Department of PathologyMcGill University MontrealQuebecCanada

The term Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer （HNPCC） is a poor descriptor of the syndrome described by Lynch. Over the last decade, the term has been applied to heterogeneous groups of families meeting limited clinical criteria, for example the Amsterdam criteria. It is now apparent that not all Amsterdam criteria-positive families have the Lynch syndrome. The term HNPCC has also been applied to clinical scenarios in which CRCs with DNA microsateUite instability are diagnosed but in which there is no vertical transmission of an altered DNA mismatch repair （MMR） gene. A term that has multiple, mutually incompatible meanings is highly problematic, particularly when it may influence the management of an individual family. The Lynch syndrome is best understood as a hereditary predisposition to malignancy that is explained by a germline mutation in a DNA MMR gene. The diagnosis does not depend in an absolute sense on any particular family pedigree structure or age of onset of malignancy. Families with a strong family history of colorectal cancer that do not have Lynch syndrome have been grouped as ‘Familial Colorectal Cancer Type-X＇. The first step in characterizing these cancer families is to distinguish them from Lynch syndrome. The term HNPCC no longer serves any useful purpose and should be phased out.

关键词： Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer Colon Cancer Hereditary

Management of patients with a short bowel

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2001年第6期7卷 741-751页

作者： jeremy M D Nightingale Consultant Gastroenterologist Gastroenterology CentreLeicester Royal InfirmaryUnited Kingdom

There are two common types of adult patient with a short bowel, those with jejunum in continuity with a functioning colon and those with a jejunostomy. Both groups have potential problems of undernutrition, but this is a greater problem in those without a colon, as they do not derive energy from anaerobic bacterial fermentation of carbohydrate to short chain fatty acids in the colon. Patients with a jejunostomy have major problems of dehydration, sodium and magnesium depletion all due to a large volume of stomal output. Both types of patient have lost at least 60 cm of terminal ileum and so will become deficient of vitamin B(12). Both groups have a high prevalence of gallstones (45%) resulting from periods of biliary stasis. Patients with a retained colon have a 25% chance of developing calcium oxalate renal stones and they may have problems with D(-) lactic acidosis. The survival of patients with a short bowel, even if they need long-term parenteral nutrition, is good.

关键词： Colon Digestive System Humans Jejunostomy Nutrition Disorders Risk Factors Short Bowel Syndrome

Waveguide-based augmented reality displays: a highlight

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第1期13卷 10-12页

作者： Jannick P.Rolland jeremy Goodsell Institute of Optics University of Rochester480 Intercampus DriveRochesterNY14627USA Center for Freeform Optics University of RochesterRochesterNY14627USA Center for Visual Science University of RochesterRochesterNY14627USA

Augmented reality(AR),which emerged in the 1960s,remains a focal point of interest given its capacity to overlay the real world with digitally presented information through optical *** prevalent combiner,commonly known as the waveguide in the AR literature,is prized for its compact design and generous eyebox—essential elements in human-centric ***,these combiners encounter unique challenges in meeting various other requirements of the human visual *** paper highlights a recent review of technological advancements and presents a forward-looking perspective on the future of AR technology.

关键词： waveguide Waveguide looking

For cancers there is more to life than a longer G-strand

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第6期12卷 779-782页

作者： jeremy D. Henson Children＇s Medical Research Institute Sydney NSW 2154 Australia University of Sydney NSW 2154 Australia

Three recent studies from the Wright [1], Chai [2] and de Lange [3] labs have elucidated previously neglected aspects of cancer cell telomere maintenance. Because inhibiting telomere maintenance can selectively kill cancer cells without harming normal cells [4, 5], this new understanding of the mechanism and dynamics involved may provide useful new strategies for treating cancer. Until recently,

关键词： Maintenance Cancer (genus) Neoplasms Cells Lymphocytes

Neither Ghost nor Machine:The Emergence and Nature of Selves

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学术界 2019年第11期 185-196页

作者： jeremy Sherman University of California

Every generation marvels at what prior generations did not not know,the mysteries they had not not yet solved,perhaps had not not even *** might,therefore,wonder what future generations will regard as our biggest blind *** central mystery have not not we solved yet and perhaps even do not not recognize to be a mystery?Here,I will propose a likely candidate:Scientists have yet to explain the emergence and nature of striving selves.I will also summarize a new explanation developed by biologist Terrence *** selves,I mean all living beings ever,here on earth or anywhere in the *** go by different names- agents,individuals,living beings,organisms.I will simply refer to them as selves and refer to all inanimate objects and processes as non-selves.

关键词： self emergence self-organization Autogen

The costs of reproduction in plants cannot differ between the sexes

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第6期15卷 1308-1311页

作者： jeremy J.Midgley Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape TownCape TownSouth Africa

This article is a commentary on Liu et al.(2021).In their recent review in this journal,Liu et al.(2021)argue that sexual differences in the allocation to reproduction by male and female plants may cause sexual differences in their responses to biotic(***)and abiotic stress(*** stress).Their general argument is that the nett reproductive costs are higher for females because they not only flower but must also produce fruits/cones/seeds(their Figure 3).They suggest(their Figure 2)that females can ameliorate their higher costs of reproduction such as by maximizing resource acquisition and resource *** other previous reviews have also argued for higher female costs(Barrett and Hough 2013;Barrett et al.2010;Juvany and Munné-Bosch 2015;Obeso 2002).My aims in this commentary are(i)to note that theory predicts equal sexual allocation to reproduction,(ii)to argue that some of examples cited by Liu et al.(2021)do not suggest the theory is incorrect and finally,(iii)to provide a Cape(South Africa)perspective to show that differences in allocation cannot be invoked ad hoc to explain vegetative or other differences between the *** differences between the sexes must ultimately be related to differences in sexual function,as is the case in animals,and not to differences in nett allocation to reproduction.

关键词： Figure argument finally

An Example Using Improved Lefschetz Duality

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2017年第6期38卷 1269-1274页

作者： Pascal LAMBRECHTS jeremy LANE Donald STANLEY Pascal Lambrechts Institut Mathmatique Universit de Louvain Department of Mathemtics University of Toronto Department of Mathematics and Statistics University of Regina

A theorem of Lambrechts and Stanley is used to find the rational cohomology of the complement of an embedding S^(4n-1)→ S^(2n)× S^m as a module and demonstrate that it is not necessarily determined by the map induced on cohomology by the embedding, nor is it a trivial extension. This demonstrates that the theorem is an improvement on the classical Lefschetz duality.

关键词： Lefschetz duality Embedding Extension problem

COVID-19-2021:A New,Less Predictable Phase of the Pandemic

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China CDC weekly 2021年第7期3卷 125-127页

作者： jeremy Farrar Wellcome Trust

It is just over a year ago that what we now know as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)first emerged in Wuhan,China(1).In twelve short months every village,every city in every continent has been *** of millions of people have been infected and recovered and over two million of people have tragically died from *** reality,many more have lost loved *** we may still be closer to the start of this pandemic than to the end.

关键词： closer COV Wuhan