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A comparison of conventional and computer-assisted semen analysis.（CRISMAS software） using samples from 166 young Danish men

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第3期13卷 453-458,513页

作者： Anne Vested Cecilia H Ramlau-Hansen jens p bonde Ane M Thulstrup Susanne L Kristensen Gunnar Toft Danish Ramazzini Center Department of Occupational Medicine Aarhus University Hospital DK-8000 Aarhus C Denmark Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg DK-2400 Copenhagen NV Denmark

The aim of the present study was to compare assessments of sperm concentration and sperm motility analysed by conventional semen analysis with those obtained by computer-assisted semen analysis （CASA）（Copenhagen Rigshospitalet Image House Sperm Motility Analysis System （CRISMAS） 4.6 software） using semen samples from 166 young Danish men. The CRISMAS software identifies sperm concentration and classifies spermatozoa into three motility categories. To enable comparison of the two methods, the four motility stages obtained by conventional semen analysis were, based on their velocity classifications, divided into three stages, comparable to the three CRISMAS motility categories： rapidly progressive （A）, slowly progressive （B） and non-progressive （C＋ D）. Differences between the two methods were large for all investigated parameters （p〈0.001）. CRISMAS overestimated sperm concentration and the proportion of rapidly progressive spermatozoa and, consequently, underestimated the percentages of slowly progressive and non-progressive spermatozoa, compared to the conventional method. To investigate whether results drifted according to time of semen analysis, results were pooled into quarters according to date of semen analysis. CRISMAS motility results appeared more stable over time compared to the conventional analysis; however, neither method showed any trends. Apparently, CRISMAS CASA results and results from the conventional method were not comparable with respect to sperm concentration and motility analysis. This needs to be accounted for in clinics using this software and in studies of determinants of these semen characteristics.

关键词： computer-assisted semen analysis reproduction semen analysis sperm concentration sperm motility

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Male reproductive organs are at risk from environmental hazards

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第2期12卷 152-156页

作者： jens peter bonde Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Bispebjerg University HospitalDK-2400 Copenhagen NVDenmark

Male reproductive disorders that are of interest from an environmental point of view include sexual dysfunction,infertility,cryptorchidism,hypospadias and testicular cancer. Several reports suggest declining sperm counts and increase of these reproductive disorders in some areas during some time periods past 50 years. Except for testicular cancer this evidence is circumstantial and needs cautious interpretation. However,the male germ line is one of the most sensitive tissues to the damaging effects of ionizing radiation,radiant heat and a number of known toxicants. So far occupational hazards are the best documented risk factors for impaired male reproductive function and include physical exposures （radiant heat,ionizing radiation,high frequency electromagnetic radiation）,chemical exposures （some solvents as carbon disulfide and ethylene glycol ethers,some pesticides as dibromochloropropane,ethylendibromide and DDT/DDE,some heavy metals as inorganic lead and mercury） and work processes such as metal welding. Improved working conditions in affluent countries have dramatically decreased known hazardous workplace exposures,but millions of workers in less affluent countries are at risk from reproductive *** data show that environmental low-level exposure to biopersistent pollutants in the diet may pose a risk to people in all parts of the world. For other toxicants the evidence is only suggestive and further evaluation is needed before conclusions can be drawn. Whether compounds as phthalates,bisphenol A and boron that are present in a large number of industrial and consumer products entails a risk remains to be established. The same applies to psychosocial stressors and use of mobile phones. Finally,there are data indicating a particular vulnerability of the fetal testis to toxicants-for instance maternal tobacco smoking. Time has come where male reproductive toxicity should be addressed form entirely new angles including exposures very early in life.

关键词： epidemiology fertility occupation risk factors semen quality

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Semen analysis from an epidemiologic perspective

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第1期12卷 91-94页

作者： jens peter Ellekilde bonde Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Bakke 23 2400Copenhagen NV Denmark

The fifth edition of the World Health Organization （WHO） manual for semen analysis includes for the first time reference values for human semen characteristics. This paper considers whether such values will help to resolve the intensely debated data indicating temporal and geographical shifts in sperm counts and hypotheses that anthropogenic activities that result in the release of chemicals into the environment are detrimental to male reproductive health. The reasons that these reference values will not fulfil these purposes are also explained. Although established reference values for semen characteristics are of limited value in analytical epidemiologic research, the WHO guidelines are of utmost importance for supporting the development of appropriate research protocols. Moreover, in spite of its limitations, semen analysis is still a useful research tool in epidemiological research, and no superior alternatives are on the horizon.

关键词： decline epidemiology reference values research semen analysis sperm counts

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Environmental xenobiotics and male reproductive health

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 3-4页

作者： jens peter bonde Aleksander Giwercman Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Skne University Hospital Maim6 Sweden.

Lessons from the occupational arena fdemonstrate the potential of industrial 4chemicals to damage human testicular function. An important but still unresolved question is whether low-level xenobiotic exposure of the general population poses a hazard. In this volume of the Asian Journal of Andrology, this issue is addressed by a series of reviews on xenobiotic exposure profiles, possible biological mechanisms, research methods and knowledge on impact of specific exposures. Interdisciplinary research fields as gene-environment interaction and male-mediated developmental toxicity is also addressed. papers are cross-linked by answers to questions mutually put forward by the authors.

关键词： xenobiotics chemicals occupational

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persistent organic pollutants and male reproductive health

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 71-80页

作者： Anne Vested Aleksander Giwercman jens peter bonde Gunnar Toil- Department of Occupational Medicine Danish Ramazzini Centre Aarhus University Hospital Aarhus Denmark Reproductive Medicine Centre Lund University Skane University Hospital Malm6 Sweden Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Bispebjerg Hospital of Copenhagen University

Environmental contaminants such as persistent organic pollutants （pOps） are man-made bioaccumulative compounds with long half-lives that are found throughout the world as a result of heavy use in a variety of consumer products during the twentieth century. Wildlife and animal studies have long suggested adverse effects of exposure to these compounds on human reproductive health, which, according to the endocrine disrupter hypothesis, are ascribed to the compounds＇ potential to interfere with endocrine signaling, especially when exposure occurs during certain phases of fetal and childhood development. An extensive number of epidemiological studies have addressed the possible effects of exposure to pOps on male reproductive health, but the results are conflicting. Thus far, most studies have focused on investigating exposure and the different reproductive health outcomes during adulthood. Some studies have addressed the potential harmful effects of fetal exposure with respect to malformations at birth and/ or reproductive development, whereas only a few studies have been able to evaluate whether intrauterine exposure to pOps has long-term consequences for male reproductive health with measurable effects on semen quality markers and reproductive hormone levels in adulthood. Humans are not exposed to a single compound at a time, but rather, to a variety of different substances with potential divergent hormonal effects. Hence, how to best analyze epidemiological data on combined exposures remains a significant challenge. This review on pOps will focus on current knowledge regarding the potential effects of exposure to pOps during fetal and childhood life and during adulthood on male reproductive health, including a critical revision of the endocrine disruption hypothesis, a comment on pubertal development as part of reproductive development and a comment on how to account for combined exposures in epidemiological research.

关键词： endocrine disruption male reproduction persistent organic compounds reproductive hormones semen quality

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On environmental threats to male infertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 199-200,I0005页

作者： Allen J Wilcox jens peter E bonde Epidemiology Branch National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Durham NC 27709-2233 USA Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine University Hospital of Copenhagen Copenhagen NV DK-2400 Denmark

The possibility that environmental pollutants damage human fertility is a topic of both public concern and scientific interest. The effect of environmental factors on male fertility （semen parameters） has been a special focus, stimulated in part by the dramatic damage inflicted by the pcstlcide DBCp on testicular function. Extensive searches for testicular toxicants （in particular, the proposed effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds through fetal exposure） have produced little hard evidence of impairment in humans. This scarcity of evidence may reflect the difficultles of studying human fertility. Future fertifity studies should consider the wide spectrum of environmental exposures that plausibly affect reproduction.

关键词： TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME IN-UTERO EXpOSURE SpERM COUNTS SEMEN QUALITY ENDOCRINE DISRUpTION REpRODUCTIVE-TRACT FERTILITY pREGNANCY pHTHALATE SMOKING

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Misconceptions about falling sperm counts and fertility in Europe

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2013年第2期15卷 195-198,I0005页

作者： Egbert R te Velde jens peter bonde Department of public Health Erasmus University MC Rotterdam GE 3015 The Netherlands Reproductive Medicine Utrecht University Utrecht CM 3584 The Netherlands Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Bispebjerg Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen NV 24C0 Denmark

The Science policy Briefing on male reproductive health pubfished by the authoritative European Science Foundation （ESF） in 2010 echoes the views expressed in the famous paper by *** et al, suggesting that mean sperm counts decreased by 50%. The authors are convinced that the male reproductive system in industrialized countries is under attack from envi- ronmental chemicals. This may have farreaching consequences for the reproductive capacity of future generations. Their arguments, however, contain some misconceptions about declining sperm quality and fertifity. Although there is reason for concern about the effect of environmental pollution, the authors＇ pessimism is not justified.

关键词： TIME TRENDS INFERTILITY TREATMENT REGIONAL DIFFERENCES WAITING TIME pREGNANCY SEMEN EpIDEMIOLOGY pOpULATION pREVALENCE FECUNDITY

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Fully integrated and broadband Si-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal four-wave mixing

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photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 I0001-I0010页

作者： VALERIO VITALI THALÍA DOMÍNGUEZ BUCIO HAO LIU JOSÉMANUEL LUQUE GONZÁLEZ FRANCISCO JURADO-ROMERO ALEJANDRO ORTEGA-MOÑUX GLENN CHURCHILL JAMES C.GATES JAMES HILLIER NIKOLAOS KALFAGIANNIS DANIELE MELATI jens H.SCHMID ILARIA CRISTIANI pAVEL CHEBEN J.GONZALO WANGÜEMERT-pÉREZ ÑIGO MOLINA-FERNÁNDEZ FREDERIC GARDES COSIMO LACAVA pERIKLIS pETROpOULOS Optoelectronics Research Centre University of SouthamptonSouthampton SO171BJUK Electrical Computer and Biomedical Engineering DepartmentUniversity of PaviaPavia 27100Italy Telecommunication Research Institute(TELMA) Universidad de MálagaCEI Andalucı´a TECHE.T.S.I.Telecomunicación29010 MálagaSpain School of Science and Technology Nottingham Trent UniversityNottingham NG118NSUK Department of Electrical Engineering Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhoven 5600 MBThe Netherlands Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of IoanninaIoannina 45110Greece Centre de Nanosciences et de Nanotechnologies UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91120 PalaiseauFrance Advanced Electronics and photonics Research Center National Research Council CanadaOttawaOntario K1A 0R6Canada

Intermodal four-wave mixing(FWM)processes have recently attracted significant interest for all-optical signal processing applications thanks to the possibility to control the propagation properties of waves exciting distinct spatial modes of the same *** allows,in principle,to place signals in different spectral regions and satisfy the phase matching condition over considerably larger bandwidths compared to intramodal ***,the demonstrations reported so far have shown a limited bandwidth and suffered from the lack of on-chip components designed for broadband manipulation of different *** demonstrate here a silicon-rich silicon nitride wavelength converter based on Bragg scattering intermodal FWM,which integrates mode conversion,multiplexing and de-multiplexing functionalities *** system enables wavelength conversion between pump waves and a signal located in different telecommunication bands(separated by 60 nm)with a 3 dB bandwidth exceeding 70 nm,which represents,to our knowledge,the widest bandwidth ever achieved in an intermodal FWM-based system.

关键词： scattering pump modal

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Neurobiological mechanisms underlying delayed expression of posttraumatic stress disorder:A scoping review

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World Journal of psychiatry 2022年第1期12卷 151-168页

作者： Geert E Smid Jonna Lind jens peter bonde ARQ Centrum'45 ARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Humanist Chaplaincy Studies University of Humanistic StudiesUtrecht 3512 HDNetherlands ARQ Centre of Excellence on War Persecution and ViolenceARQ National Psychotrauma CentreDiemen 1112XENetherlands Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine Frederiksberg and Bispebjerg HospitalCopenhagen 2400Denmark Department of public Health University of CopenhagenCopenhagen 1014Denmark

BACKGROUND The capacity of posttraumatic stress disorder(pTSD)to occur with delayed onset has been documented in several systematic reviews and *** models of pTSD may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying the progressive increase in pTSD symptoms over time as well as into occasional occurrences of long-delayed pTSD with few prodromal *** To obtain an overview of key concepts explaining and types of evidence supporting neurobiological underpinnings of delayed *** A scoping review of studies reporting neurobiological findings relevant to delayed pTSD was performed,which included 38 studies in the qualitative *** Neurobiological mechanisms underlying pTSD symptoms,onset,and course involve several interconnected *** mechanisms involve the neurocircuitry of fear,comprising several structures,such as the hippocampus,amygdala,and prefrontal cortex,that are amenable to time-dependent increases in activity through sensitization and *** network models explain generalization of the fear *** mechanisms consist of autonomic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis responses,both of which may be involved in sensitization to *** mechanisms are characterized by immune activation,which is sometimes due to the effects of traumatic brain ***,neurobehavioral/contextual mechanisms involve the effects of intervening stressors and mental and physical disorder comorbidities,and these may be particularly relevant in cases of long-delayed *** Thus,delayed pTSD may result from multiple underlying neurobiological mechanisms that may influence the likelihood of developing prodromal symptoms preceding the onset of full-blown pTSD.

关键词： posttraumatic stress disorder Delayed expression Sensitization Neurobiology Neuroendocrine Neuroinflammatory

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pressure pain sensitivity: A new stress measure in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes?

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World Journal of Clinical pediatrics 2024年第1期13卷 150-154页

作者： Annemarie Cecilie Grauslund Emilie Bundgaard Lindkvist Steffen Ullitz Thorsen Søren Ballegaard jens Faber Jannet Svensson Anna Korsgaard Berg Department of pediatrics Herlev and Gentofte HospitalHerlev 2730Denmark Copenhagen University Hospital Steno Diabetes Center CopenhagenHerlev 2730Denmark Department of Clinical Immunology RigshospitaletUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2100Denmark Department of Endocrinology Herlev and Gentofte HospitalHerlev 2730Denmark Department of Clinical Medicine Faculty of Health and Medical SciencesUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen 2200Denmark

Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is associated with general-and diabetes-specific stress which has multiple adverse *** measuring stress is of great *** algometer measuring pressure pain sensitivity(ppS)has been shown to correlate to certain stress measures in ***,it has never been investigated in children and *** aim of our study was to examine associations between ppS and glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c),salivary cortisol and two questionnaires as well as to identify whether the algometer can be used as a clinical tool among children and adolescents with ***-three participants aged 6-18 years and diagnosed with T1D were included in this study with data from two study *** cortisol,ppS and questionnaires were collected,measured,and answered on ***1c was collected from medical *** found correlations between ppS and HbA1c(rho=0.35,p=0.046),cortisol(rho=-0.25,p=0.02)and perceived Stress Scale(rho=-0.44,p=0.02)in different subgroups based on *** scored higher in ppS than females(pppS to be correlated to HbA1c but otherwise inconsistent in *** ppS values indicated either measurement difficulties or hypersensibility towards pain.

关键词： Stress Children and adolescents Type 1 diabetes Autonomic dysfunction

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