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Simulating small-scale climate change effects-lessons from a short-term field manipulation experiment on grassland arthropods

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Insect Science 2013年第5期20卷 662-670页

作者： Sascha Buchholz Dorothee Rolfsmeyer jens Schirmel Department of Ecology TU Berlin Institute of Landscape Ecology University of Munster Robert-Koch-Straβe 26 48149 Munster Ecosystem Analysis University ofKoblenz-Landau Fortstraβe 7 76829 Landau Germany

Climate change is expected to cause major consequences on biodiversity. Understanding species-specific reactions, such as species shifts, species declines, and changes in population dynamics is a key issue to quantify large-scale impacts of climate change on biotic communities. As it is often impossible or at least impracticable to conduct large-scale experiments on biotic responses to climate change, studies at a smaller scale may be a useful alternative. In our study, we therefore tested responses of grassland arthropods （carabid beetles, spiders, grasshoppers） to simulated climate change in terms of species activity densities and diversity. We conducted a controlled field experiment by changing water and microclimatic conditions at a small scale （16 m2）. Roof constructions were used to increase drought-like conditions, whereas water supply was enhanced by irrigation. In all, 2 038 carabid beetles （36 species）, 4 893 spiders （65 species）, and 303 Orthoptera （4 species） were caught using pitfall traps from May to August, 2010. During our experiment, we created an artificial small-scale climate change; and statistics revealed that these changes had short-term effects on the total number of individuals and Simpson diversity of the studied arthropod groups. Moreover, our results showed that certain species might react very quickly to climate change in terms of activity densities, which in turn might influence diversity due to shifts in abundance patterns. Finally, we devised methodological improvements that may further enhance the validity of future studies.

关键词： carabid beetles drought global wanning grasshoppers irrigation spiders

Bellman Systems with Mean Field Dependent Dynamics

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series B 2018年第3期39卷 461-486页

作者： Alain BENSOUSSAN Miroslav BULICEK jens FREHSE Jindal School of Management International Center for Decision and Risk Analysis University of Texas at Dallas800 W.Campbell RdSM 30 RichardsonTX 75080-3021USA Department SEEM City University of Hong Kong Hung HomKowloonHong KongChina Mathematical Institute Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles UniversitySokolovska 8318675 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute for Applied Mathematics Department of Applied AnalysisEndenicher Allee 6053115 BonnGermany

The authors deal with nonlinear elliptic and parabolic systems that are the Bellman like systems associated to stochastic differential games with mean field dependent *** key novelty of the paper is that they allow heavily mean field dependent *** in particular leads to a system of PDE's with critical growth,for which it is rare to have an existence and/or regularity *** the paper,they introduce a structural assumptions that cover many cases in stochastic differential games with mean field dependent dynamics for which they are able to establish the existence of a weak *** addition,the authors present here a completely new method for obtaining the maximum/minimum principles for systems with critical growths,which is a starting point for further existence and also qualitative analysis.

关键词： Stochastic games Bellman equation Mean field equation Nonlinearelliptic equations Weak solution Maximum principle

Disentangling the role of management, vegetation structure, and plant quality for Orthoptera in lowland meadows

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Insect Science 2019年第2期26卷 366-378页

作者： jens Schirmel Rebekka Gerlach Constanze Buhk Institute for Environmental Sciences University of Koblenz-Landau Landau Germany

Seminatural grasslands provide habitats for various species and are important for biodiversity conservation. The understanding of the diverse responses of species and traits to different grassland managenient methods is therefore urgently needed. We disentangled the role of grassland management (fertilization and irrigation), vegetation structure (biomass, sward height) and plant quality (protein and fiber content) for Orthoptera communities in lowland hay meadows in Germany. We found vegetation structure to be the most important environmental category in explaining community structure of Orthoptera (species richness, total individuals, fiinctional diversity and species composition). Intensively used meadows (fertilized, irrigated, high plant biomass) were characterized by assemblages with few species, low functional diversity, and low conservation value. Thereby, the relatively moderate fertilizer inputs in our study system of up to -75 kg N/ha/year reduced functional diversity of Orthoptera, while this negative effect of fertilization was not detectable when solely considering taxonomic aspects. We found strong support for a prominent role of plant quality in shaping Orthoptera communities and especially the trait composition. Our findings demonstrate the usefulness of considering both taxonomic and functional comp on ents (functio nal diversity) in biodiversity research and we suggest a stronger involvement of plant quality measures in Orthoptera studies.

关键词： biomass fertilization: functional diversity grasshoppers grassland protein content

Is serine racemase(SRR) a second hit target for LRRK2-G2019S induced Parkinson's disease?

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 498-499页

作者： Sarah Louise Nickels jens Christian Schwamborn Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine(LCSB) University of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg Riken Institute for Medical Sciences(IMS) KanagawaJapan

To date,at least 7 million people are suffering from Parkinson's disease(PD)worldwide,which is the second most prevalent,age-associated,and progressive neurodegenerative disorder(Tysnes and Storstein,2017).Given the accelerated global pace of aging,it becomes of fundamental importance that we start understanding the origins of neurodegeneration in order to develop effective disease modifying *** PD patients suffer from a combination of motor and nonmotor disabilities.

关键词： second patients suffering

Multiperspective Analysis of Microscale Trigeneration Systems and Their Role in the Crowd Energy Concept

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Journal of Electronic Science and Technology 2015年第3期13卷 206-211页

作者： Parantapa Sawant Naim Meftah jens Pfafferott the Institute of Energy System Technologies Offenburg University of Applies Sciences the Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering Offenburg University of Applied Sciences

The energy system of the future will transform from the current centralised fossil based to a decentralised, clean, highly efficient, and intelligent network. This transformation will require innovative technologies and ideas like trigeneration and the crowd energy concept to pave the way ahead. Even though trigeneration systems are extremely energy efficient and can play a vital role in the energy system, turning around their deployment is hindered by various barriers. These barriers are theoretically analysed in a multiperspective approach and the role decentralised trigeneration systems can play in the crowd energy concept is highlighted. It is derived from an initial literature research that a multiperspective （technological, energy-economic, and user） analysis is necessary for realising the potential of trigeneration systems in a decentralised grid. And to experimentally quantify these issues we are setting up a microseale trigeneration lab at our institute and the motivation for this lab is also briefly introduced.

关键词： Adsorption cooling decentralisation,energy efficiency energy system analysis trigeneration.

Plant functional type approach for a functional interpretation of altitudinal vegetation zones in the Alborz Mts., Iran

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第11期14卷 2257-2269页

作者： Halime MORADI Farideh ATTAR jens OLDELAND Department of Plant Sciences School of Biology College of Science University of Tehran Biodiversity Ecology and Evolution of Plants Biocentre Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden University of Hamburg

Mountains are an excellent system for evaluating ecological and biogeographical patterns. The obvious variations of the environmental factors along the altitude create different zones with adapted plant assemblages. However, few studies make use of plant functional type(PFT) for describing the variation of vegetation along altitudinal gradients. A PFT is a group of taxa with similar traits which respond similarly to the environmental gradients. In this study, we used PFTs as indicators describing five vegetation zones in the western Alborz Mt, Iran from 2000 – 4500 m. The plant trait data presented here covers six plant traits including growth form, stemleaf ratio, spinescence, hairiness, leaf consistency and plant height of 297 species. We considered altitude and soil factors to test the importance of environmental variables. We applied a multivariate analysis of three table ordination, i.e. environmental, species, and traits data to identify the PFTs. We further applied fourth-corner statistic to quantify trait-environment relationships. A constrained hierarchical clustering was used to detect five altitudinal zones and two zones of low and high nitrogen concentration. With regard to altitude wediscuss the distribution of species, traits and PFTs. Growth form, plant height and stem-leaf ratio were significantly related to altitude and nitrogen. We identified 19 PFTs from which 18 were significantly associated to one or more altitudinal zones. While the lower altitudinal zones contain a variety of PFTs higher altitudes contain less PFTs with the highest altitude containing only one single PFT, tiny rosette plants with soft mesomorphic leaves. We identified grazing and climatic harshness as well as rockiness as the most important drivers of the distribution of plant functional traits and types across the studied gradient.

关键词： Elevation Indicator Species Analysis Ordination Leaf traits Trait-environment relationships

Development of Morus alba Reinforced Poly-Lactic Acid with Elevated Mechanical and Thermal Properties

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Barriers to WHO Mental Health Action Plan updates to expand family and caregiver involvement in mental healthcare

Materials Sciences and Applications（材料科学与应用期刊） 2024年第7期 186页

作者： Girish Kumar Reddy Madda jens Schuster Yousuf Pasha Shaik

来源：博看期刊评论

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General Psychiatry 2022年第2期35卷 154-156页

作者： jens Peter Eckardt Research Unit Bedre PsykiatriCopenhagenDenmark

In 2021,the 74th World Health Assembly endorsed updates to the WHO's Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan extending to 2030,including revised indicators to measure progress towards reaching defined targets and expa... 详细信息

关键词： expanded revised Action

Amine reclaiming technologies in post-combustion carbon dioxide capture

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2015年第1期27卷 276-289页

作者： Tielin Wang Jon Hovland Klaus J.jens Telemark University College Tel-Tek Porsgrunn 3918 Norway

Amine scrubbing is the most developed technology for carbon dioxide（CO2） *** of amine solvents due to the presence of high levels of oxygen and other impurities in flue gas causes increasing costs and deterioration in long term performance,and therefore purification of the solvents is needed to overcome these problems. This review presents the reclaiming of amine solvents used for post combustion CO2capture（PCC）. Thermal reclaiming, ion exchange, and electrodialysis, although principally developed for sour gas sweetening, have also been tested for CO2 capture from flue *** three technologies all have their strengths and weaknesses, and further development is needed to reduce energy usage and costs. An expected future trend for amine reclamation is to focus on process integration of the current reclaiming technologies into the PCC process in order to drive down costs.

关键词： Carbon dioxide capture Amine reclaiming Distillation Ion exchange Electrodialysis