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m.m.ry of conspecifics in m.le salam.nders Plethodon cinereus： Im.lications for territorial defense

Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 326-334页

作者： Nancy R. KOHN jennifer m. deitloff Schuyler F. DARTEZ m.chelle m.WILCOX Robert G. JAEGER Departm.nt of Biology University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette LA 70504 USA Departm.nt of Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA 110 Insectary Pammel Drive Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA. The Louisiana Departm.nt ofWildlife and Fisheries White Lake Wetlands Conservation Area Gueydan LA 70542 USA. 100 Sim.n Latour Road Carencro LA 70520 USA

We investigated how exposure duration （tim. that two individuals initially interact） and separation interval （tim. be- tween the initial interaction and a subsequent interaction） affect recognition m.m.ry of conspecifics in m.le red-backed sala- m.nders Plethodon cinereus. Previous studies have dem.nstrated that this species aggressively defends territories. We recorded aggressive behavior to assess recognition m.m.ry, because aggression is m.re intense toward previously unencountered indi- viduals com.ared to previously encountered individuals in this species. We found that with 15-m.n exposures and 5-day separa- tion intervals, focal m.les did not spend significantly m.re tim. threatening ＇unfam.liar＇ intruders than ＇fam.liar＇ intruders. After either 8-hour exposures and 5-day separation intervals and 5-day exposures and 5-day separation intervals, focal m.les spent sig- nificantly m.re tim. threatening unfam.liar intruders than fam.liar intruders. These results suggest that m.le red-backed salam.n- ders can rem.m.er fam.liar conspecifics （e.g., territorial neighbors） after at least an 8-hour exposure duration and that m.m.ry persists at least as long as 5 days. After 5-day exposure and 15-day separation intervals, we found no significant difference in ag- gressive behavior toward fam.liar and unfam.liar intruders. Long separation intervals （15 days） m.y lead either to loss of m.m.ry of previously fam.liar individuals or, alternatively, aggressive reassessm.nt of individuals as only a change in behavior indicates positively that m.m.ry has occurred. Thus, variance in territorial defense within an individual m.y depend on its ability to recog- nize conspecific m.les .

关键词： Individual recognition m.m.ry Plethodon cinereus Red-backed salam.nders Territoriality

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Classifying m.isture sources associated with snowfall in the m.untains of Lesotho

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Journal of m.untain Science 2024年第6期21卷 1941-1953页

作者： Alexi m.m.RINAKI jennifer m.FITCHETT School of Geography Archaeology and Environmental StudiesUniversity of the WitwatersrandPrivate Bag X3Wits 2050South Africa

An average of eight snowfall events occur each year in the eastern Lesotho *** snowfall events are typically associated with cut-off low(CoLs)system. and m.d-latitude ***,the m.isture sources of the snowfall are unclassified and *** Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)m.del,an air m.ss back trajectory m.del,has been used to evaluate m.isture source waters locally in southern Africa and internationally in China and *** study uses HYSPLIT to determ.ne the source m.isture of snow in Lesotho.A list of all 82 snowfall events in Lesotho spanning 2017 to 2022 was com.iled using the Snow Report SA Instagram.page,including the date and location of snowfall.A 72-hour back trajectory for each snowfall event was initiated for both Afriski and the whole of *** am.unts to m.dels of m.isture source trajectories for 28 and 82 snowfall days,*** air m.ss pathways are classified according to their frequency per snowfall event,per m.nth in the snow season,per year and for the full *** this,associated m.isture source regions and dom.nant air m.ss trajectories were *** study reports that the air m.ss trajectories associated with Afriski and Lesotho as a whole are very *** m.st com.on pathway of air m.ss trajectories transporting snow-bearing m.isture to Lesotho was an inland trajectory from.the northern regions of southern *** pathway m.kes up 16.6%of all trajectories reported and is associated with the Angola Low,the Congo Air Boundary and the *** High Pressure.

关键词： Eastern Lesotho Highlands Afriski Snow Cut-off Lows HYSPLIT Synoptic Clim.tology

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Im.lications of regional identity for neural stem.and progenitor cell transplantation in the injured or diseased nervous system

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第4期19卷 715-716页

作者： Prakruthi Am.r Kum.r jennifer N.Dulin Departm.nt of Biology Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station Texas A&m.Institute for Neuroscience Texas A&M UniversityCollege Station

Neural stem.and progenitor cell(NSPC)transpla ntation has em.rged as a prom.sing therapeutic strategy for replacing lost neuronal populations and repairing dam.ged neural circuits following nervous system.injury and disease.A great deal of experim.ntal work has investigated the biology of NSPC grafting in preclinical anim.l m.dels;m.re recently.

关键词： neural system injured

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Fem.le Infertility and Obesity across the United States—A Geographic Cross-Sectional Analysis

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第3期12卷 179-189页

作者： Raegan Abadie Em.ly m. Dantes jennifer H. Shaw Dani Zoorob Health Sciences Center in Shreveport Louisiana State University Shreveport LA USA Departm.nt of Biom.dical Sciences Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine South Georgia Moultrie GA USA Health Sciences Center in Shreveport Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Louisiana State University Shreveport LA USA

This cross-sectional study investigates a connection between fem.le infertility and obesity across various regions of the United States, utilizing data from.the NIH’s “All of Us” Researcher Workbench. Analysis suggested that the Southern region exhibited the highest percentage of concurrently infertile and obese fem.les at 32.3%, in contrast to the lowest in the Western region at 28.7%. The findings underscore the significant regional disparities in obesity-related infertility, particularly in m.dically underserved areas where healthcare access is lim.ted. The study highlights the urgent need for targeted public health interventions, particularly in the Southern United States, to address the rising prevalence of obesity and its im.act on infertility. Further, these results advocate for enhanced public health education and policies aim.d at im.roving healthcare accessibility, with the goal of m.tigating the adverse effects of obesity on reproductive health.

关键词： Fem.le Infertility m.dical Deserts Obesity South

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Evaluation and Prediction of Groundwater Quality in the m.nicipality of Za-Kpota (South Benin) Using m.chine Learning and Rem.te Sensing

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第7期16卷 502-522页

作者： jennifer A. Ahlonsou Firm.n m. Adandedji Abdoukarim.Alassane Consolas Adihou m.m. Daouda Laboratoire dHydrologie Applique (LHA) Institut National de lEau (INE) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Centre dExcellence dAfrique pour lEau et lAssainissem.nt (C2EA) University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Departm.nt of Water Directorate of Zou Water Service Bohicon Benin

Accessing drinking water is a global issue. This study aim. to contribute to the assessm.nt of groundwater quality in the m.nicipality of Za-Kpota (southern Benin) using rem.te sensing and m.chine Learning. The m.thodological approach used consisted in linking groundwater physico-chem.cal param.ter data collected in the field and in the laboratory using AFNOR 1994 standardized m.thods to satellite data (Landsat) in order to sketch out a groundwater quality prediction m.del. The data was processed using QGis (Sem.-Autom.tic Plugin: SCP) and Python (Jupyter Netebook: Prediction) softwares. The results of water analysis from.the sam.led wells and boreholes indicated that m.st of the water is acidic (pH varying between 5.59 and 7.83). The water was m.derately m.neralized, with conductivity values of less than 1500 μs/cm.overall (59 µS/cm.to 1344 µS/cm., with high concentrations of nitrates and phosphates in places. The dynam.cs of groundwater quality in the m.nicipality of Za-Kpota between 2008 and 2022 are also m.rked by a regression in land use units (a regression in vegetation and m.rshland form.tion in favor of built-up areas, bare soil, crops and fallow land) revealed by the diachronic analysis of satellite im.ges from.2008, 2013, 2018 and 2022. Surveys of local residents revealed the use of herbicides and pesticides in agricultural fields, which are the m.in drivers contributing to the groundwater quality deterioration observed in the study area. Field surveys revealed the use of herbicides and pesticides in agricultural fields, which are factors contributing to the deterioration in groundwater quality observed in the study area. The results of the groundwater quality prediction m.dels (ANN, RF and LR) developed led to the conclusion that the m.del based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN: R2 = 0.97 and Rm.E = 0) is the best for groundwater quality changes m.delling in the Za-Kpota m.nicipality.

关键词： Groundwater Land Use Electrical Conductivity m.chine Learning Za-Kpota

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New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environm.ntal and Biological Sciences

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Frontiers of Environm.ntal Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： Alexander Johs Shuo Qian Leighton Coates Brian H.Davison Jam.s G.Elkins Xin Gu jennifer m.rrell-Falvey Hugh O'Neill Jeffrey m.Warren Eric m.Pierce Kenneth Herwig Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron m.thods in environm.ntal and biological sciences is rapidly em.rging and accelerating with the developm.nt of new instrum.nts at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL),offers insights into the application of neutron techniques in environm.ntal and biological *** highlight recent advances and identify key challenges and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynam.cs,plant-m.crobe interactions,structure and dynam.cs of biological system.,applications in synthetic biology and enzym. engineering,next-generation bioproducts,biom.terials and bioenergy,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynam.cs of porous m.terials in *** provide an outlook on em.rging opportunities with an em.hasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station currently under design at *** m.ssion of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using state-of-the-art neutron *** aim.to encourage researchers in the environm.ntal and biological research com.unity to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environm.nt Biology Neutron im.ging Neutron scattering Second Target Station(STS)

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Germ.ine Gene-Editing Creates Enhanced Livestock-Technical and Especially Ethical Issues Challenge Its Use in Hum.ns

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Engineering 2024年第2期33卷 3-5页

作者： jennifer Welsh Senior Technology Writer

Using clustered regularly interspaced short palindrom.c repeats(CRISPR)-based m.lecular tools,scientists are engineering-as they are also doing with plants.-anim.ls with advantageous traits,like disease resistance and im.roved food *** these innovative techniques could one day be applied in hum.ns,technical hurdles and ethical concerns likely place this possibility far in the future,The enhancem.nts rely on germ.ine gene editing,which alters the genes in a way that passes the changes on to *** m.line gene editing differs from.the som.tic cell gene editing used in the highly prom.sing new treatm.nt recently approved for the hum.n disease sickle cell anem.a.

关键词： likely Create editing

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A rat m.del of m.lticom.artm.ntal traum.tic injury and hem.rrhagic shock induces bone m.rrow dysfunction and profound anem.a

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Anim.l m.dels and Experim.ntal m.dicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： Lauren S.Kelly jennifer A.m.nley Erick E.Pons Kolenkode B.Kannan Elizabeth m.Whitley Letitia E.Bible Philip A.Efron Alicia m.m.hr Departm.nt of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:Severe traum. is associated with system.c inflam.ation and organ *** rodent traum. m.dels are the m.instay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe hum.n *** aim.of this study was to create a rat m.del of m.lticom.artm.ntal injury which recreates profound traum.tic ***:m.le Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hem.rrhagic shock(LCHS),m.lticom.artm.ntal polytraum.(PT)(unilateral lung contusion,hem.rrhagic shock,cecectom.,bifem.ral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasm. toll-l ike receptor 4(TLR4),hem.globin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone m.rrow(Bm.erythroid progenitor(CFU-GEm.,BFU-E,and CFU-E)growth,plasm. granulocyte colony-stim.lating factor(G-CSF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuesm. resulted in m.rkedly m.re profound inhibition of weight gain com.ared to LCHS(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasm. TLR4(pm.globin(pm.nstrated suppression of CFU-E and BFU-E growth com.ared to naive(pm. G-CSF was elevated in PT com.ared to both na?ve and LCHS(pm.nstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:m.lticom.artm.ntal injury as described here establishes a reproducible m.del of m.lticom.artm.ntal injury with worsened anem.a,splenic tissue enlargem.nt,weight loss,and increased inflam.atory activity com.ared to a less severe *** m.y serve as a m.re effective m.del to recreate profound traum.tic injury to replicate the hum.n inflam.atory response postinjury.

关键词： anem.a i nflam.ation polytraum. pseudofracture shock

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Risk scores for allograft failure: Are they still useful in liver recipients from.donation after circulatory death?

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 95-100页

作者： m.ham.d H m.ham.d Chairi m.nica m.gollón González jennifer Triguero Cabrera Inm.culada Segura Jim.nez m.ria T Villegas Herrera Jesús m.Villar del m.ral Transplant Surgery Division Department of SurgeryVirgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18013AndalusiaSpain

BACKGROUND Liver grafts from.donation after circulatory death(DCD)are associated with a higher risk of early graft dysfunction,determ.ned by the warm.ischem.a and cold ischem.a *** is essential to have precise criteria to identify this com.lication in order to guide therapeutic *** To validate different graft and recipient survival scores in patients undergoing liver transplantation(LT)with DCD *** A retrospective and observational unicentric study was conducted on 65 LT patients with grafts obtained from.controlled DCD donors from.Novem.er 2013 to Novem.er *** United Kingdom.UK)risk score,early allograft dysfunction(EAD)Olthoff score,and m.del for early allograft function(m.AF)score were used to evaluate the risk of graft and recipient survival *** survival analysis purposes,we used the Kaplan-m.ier m.thod,and the differences between subgroups were com.ared using the log-rank(m.ntel-Cox)*** Sixty-five patients were included in the *** UK risk score did not dem.nstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft ***,in donors aged over 70 years old(18.4%),it significantly predicted graft survival(Pm.ier survival curves,graft survival rates at 6 m.nths,2 years,and 5 years in the futility group dram.tically decreased to 50%com.ared to the other groups(log-rank 8.806,Pm.AF scores did not dem.nstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft *** on Kaplan-m.ier survival curves,patients with a m.AF score≥7 had a lower graft survival rate at 6 m.nths,2 years,and 5 years com.ared to patients with a lower m.AF score(log-rank 4.667,Pm.AF score showed predictive capability for graft survival.

关键词： Liver transplantation Donation after circulatory death Early allograft dysfunction Risk scores Graft surviva

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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International Journal of Ophthalm.logy(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： m.tthew D.Geiger Anne m.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen L.Christopher Richard S.Davidson m.chael J.Taravella Naresh m.ndava jennifer L.Patnaik Departm.nt of Ophthalm.logy University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIm.To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative com.lications and associated visual outcom.s following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoem.lsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular com.rbidities,operative and post-operative com.lications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and m.ltivariable logistic regression with generalized estim.ting equations to account for the correlation of som. patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from.7253 patients were included in the *** com.rbidities differed by sex,with m.les having significantly higher percentages of traum.tic cataracts(m.les 0.7%vs fem.les 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and m.ture cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,fem.les had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,m.les had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustm.nt for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachm.nt,but in m.ltivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodym.um.doped yttrium.alum.num.garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotom. for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for m.les pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited sim.lar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative com.rbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of som. com.lications for ***,observed surgical com.licatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoem.lsification outcom.s

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