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Nat Immunol:科学家阐明如何有效抑制自身免疫疾病的发生

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现代生物医学进展 2017年第8期17卷 I0002-I0003页

作者： Thomas H auml ggl #x000F6 f, Saikiran K Sedimbi Mikael C I Karlsson jennifer l Yates Elizabeth A leadbetter Roham Parsa Robert A harris Briana Hauff Salas Elizabeth A leadbetter Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology Karolinska Institutet Solna Sweden. Trudeau Institute Saranac Lake New York USA. Department of Clinical Neuroscience Karolinska Institutet Centre for Molecular Medicine Karolinska University Hospital at Solna Solna Sweden. Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular Genetics University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio San Antonio Texas USA.

机体免疫系统中一种未知的安全机制能够保持机体免于自身免疫疾病，日前一项刊登于国际杂志Nature Immunology上的研究报告中，来自瑞典卡罗琳学院的研究人员通过研究发现。机体先天性免疫系统中的细胞能够阻止后天性的免疫系统对机体... 详细信息

机体免疫系统中一种未知的安全机制能够保持机体免于自身免疫疾病，日前一项刊登于国际杂志Nature Immunology上的研究报告中，来自瑞典卡罗琳学院的研究人员通过研究发现。机体先天性免疫系统中的细胞能够阻止后天性的免疫系统对机体固有的细胞产生反应，否则就会引发诸如系统性红斑狼疮等自身免疫疾病的发生。

关键词：自身免疫疾病机体免疫系统 Nat 科学家系统性红斑狼疮安全机制研究人员后天性

Advances in targeted nanotherapeutics： From bioconjugation to biomimicry

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Nano Research 2018年第10期11卷 4999-5016页

作者： Danielle M. Valcourt Jenna harris Rachel S. Riley Megan Dang Jianxin Wang Emily S. Day 161 Colburn l ab Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Delaware Newark DE 19716 USA 201 DuPont Hall Department of Materials Science & Engineering University o f Delaware Newark DE 79716 USA 4701 Ogletown Stanton Road Helen F. Graham Cancer Center & Research Institute Newark DE 19713 USA

Since the emergence of cancer nanomedicine, researchers have had intense interest in developing nanoparticles （NPs） that can specifically target diseased sites while avoiding healthy tissue to mitigate the off-target effects seen with conventional treatments like chemotherapy. Initial endeavors focused on the bioconjugation of targeting agents to NPs, and more recently, researchers have begun to develop biomimetic NP platforms that can avoid immune recognition to maximally accumulate in tumors. In this review, we describe the advantages and limitations of each of these targeting strategies. First, we review developments in bioconjugation strategies, where NPs are coated with biomolecules such as antibodies, aptamers, peptides, and small molecules to enable cell-specific binding. While bioconjugated NPs offer many exciting features and have improved pharmacokinetics and biodistribution relative to unmodified NPs, they are still recognized by the body as ＂foreign＂, resulting in their clearance by the mononuclear phagocytic system （MPS）. To overcome this limitation, researchers have recently begun to investigate biomimetic approaches that can hide NPs from immune recognition and reduce clearance by the MPS. These biomimetic NPs fall into two distinct categories： synthetic NPs that present naturally occurring structures, and NPs that are completely disguised by natural structures. Overall bioconjugated and biomimetic NPs have substantial potential to improve upon conventional treatments by reducing off-target effects through site-specific delivery. and they show great promise for future standards of care. Here, we provide a summary of each strategy, discuss considerations for their design moving forward, and highlight their potential clinical impact on cancer therapy.

关键词： targeting nanoparticles cancer biomimicry bioconjugation delivery

Reducing psychiatric illness in the perinatal period:A review and commentary

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2023年第4期13卷 149-160页

作者： Jessica Rohr Farhaan S Vahidy Nicole Bartek Katelynn A Bourassa Namrata R Nanavaty Danielle D Antosh Konrad P Harms jennifer l Stanley Alok Madan Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health Houston MethodistHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Neurosurgery Houston MethodistHoustonTX 77030United States Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Houston MethodistHoustonTX 77030United States

This brief overview highlights the global crisis of perinatal psychiatric illness(PPI).PPI is a major contributor to many adverse pregnancy,childbirth,and childhood development *** contributes to billions of dollars in spending worldwide each year and has a significant impact on the individual,their family,and their *** is also highly *** recommendations for intervention and management of PPI are limited and vary considerably from country to ***,there are several significant challenges associated with implementation of these *** challenges are magnified in number and consequence among women of color and/or minority populations,who experience persistent and negative health disparities during pregnancy and the postpartum *** paper aims to provide a broad overview of the current state of recommendations and implementation challenges for PPI and layout a framework for overcoming these *** equityinformed model of care that provides universal intervention for pregnant women may be one solution to address the preventable consequences of PPI on child and maternal ***,this model emphasizes the importance of managing and eliminating known barriers to traditional health care *** and contextually specific challenges must be overcome to fully realize the impact of improved management of PPI.

关键词： Perinatal psychiatric illness Postpartum depression Equity-oriented care Minority populations Maternal mortality Pregnancy

Numerical Experiments Using MATlAB: Superconvergence of Nonconforming Finite Element Approximation for Second-Order Elliptic Problems

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Applied Mathematics 2016年第17期7卷 2174-2182页

作者： Anna harris Stephen harris Danielle Rauls Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Pine Bluff Arkansas USA US Food and Drug Administration National Center for Toxicology Research Jefferson Arkansas USA

The superconvergence in the finite element method is a phenomenon in which the fi-nite element approximation converges to the exact solution at a rate higher than the optimal order error estimate. Wang proposed and analyzed superconvergence of the conforming finite element method by l2-projections. However, since the conforming finite element method (CFEM) requires a strong continuity, it is not easy to construct such finite elements for the complex partial differential equations. Thus, the nonconforming finite element method (NCFEM) is more appealing computationally due to better stability and flexibility properties compared to CFEM. The objective of this paper is to establish a general superconvergence result for the nonconforming finite element approximations for second-order elliptic problems by l2-projection methods by applying the idea presented in Wang. MATlAB codes are published at https://***/annaleeharris/Superconvergence-NCFEM for anyone to use and to study. The results of numerical experiments show great promise for the robustness, reliability, flexibility and accuracy of superconvergence in NCFEM by l2- projections.

关键词： Nonconforming Finite Element Methods Superconvergence l2-Projection Second-Order Elliptic Equation

A Malvaceae mystery: A mallow maelstrom of genome multiplications and maybe misleading methods?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2019年第1期61卷 12-31页

作者： Justin l.Conover Nisa Karimi Noah Stenz Cecile Ane Corrinne E.Grover Cynthia Skema jennifer A.Tate Kirsten Wolff Samuel A.logan Jonathan F.Wendel David A.Baum Department of Ecology Evolutionand Organismal BiologyIowa State University Department of Botany University of Wisconsin Madison Department of Statistics University of Wisconsin Madison Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania Institute of Fundamental Sciences Massey University School of Natural and Environmental Sciences Newcastle University Wisconsin Institute for Discovery

Previous research suggests that Gossypium has undergone a 5-to 6-fold multiplication following its divergence from Theobroma. However, the number of events, or where they occurred in the Malvaceae phylogeny remains unknown. We analyzed transcriptomic and genomic data from representatives of eight of the nine Malvaceae subfamilies. Phylogenetic analysis of nuclear data placed Dombeya(Dombeyoideae) as sister to the rest of Malvadendrina clade, but the plastid DNA tree strongly supported Durio(Helicteroideae) in this position. Intraspecific Ks plots indicated that all sampled taxa, except Theobroma(Byttnerioideae), Corchorus(Grewioideae), and Dombeya(Dombeyoideae), have experienced whole genome multiplications(WGMs). Quartet analysis suggested WGMs were shared by Malvoideae-Bombacoideae and Sterculioideae-Tilioideae, but did not resolve whether these are shared with each other or Helicteroideae(Durio).Gene tree reconciliation and Bayesian concordance analysis suggested a complex history. Alternative hypotheses are suggested, each involving two independent autotetraploid and one allopolyploid event. They differ in that one entails an allopolyploid origin for the Durio lineage,whereas the other invokes an allopolyploid origin for Malvoideae-Bombacoideae. We highlight the need for more genomic information in the Malvaceae and improved methods to resolve complex evolutionary histories that may include allopolyploidy, incomplete lineage sorting, and variable rates of gene and genome evolution.

关键词： research data

Neuronal injury in the motor cortex after chronic stroke and lower limb motor impairment: a voxelbased lesion symptom mapping study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2014年第7期9卷 766-772页

作者： Alexandria M.Reynolds Denise M.Peters jennifer M.C.Vendemia lenwood P.Smith Raymond C.Sweet Gordon C.Baylis Debra Krotish Stacy l.Fritz Department of Psychology Barnwell College University of South Carolina Department of Exercise Science University of South Carolina Department of Psychology University of South Carolina Neurosurgery Center University of South Carolina School of Medicine Western Kentucky University University of South Carolina School of Medicine

Many studies have examined motor impairments using voxel-based lesion symptom mapping, but few are reported regarding the corresponding relationship between cerebral cortex injury and lower limb motor impairment analyzed using this technique. This study correlated neuro- nal injury in the cerebral cortex of 16 patients with chronic stroke based on a voxel-based lesion symptom mapping analysis. Neuronal injury in the corona radiata, caudate nucleus and putamen of patients with chronic stroke could predict walking speed. The behavioral measure scores were consistent with motor deficits expected after damage to the cortical motor system due to stroke. These findings suggest that voxel-based lesion symptom mapping may provide a more accurate prognosis of motor recovery from chronic stroke according to neuronal injury in cerebral motor cortex.

关键词： nerve regeneration magnetic resonance imaging stroke cerebral cortex motor cortex voxel-based lesion symptom mapping motor function prognosis neural regeneration

Integrated Phytodisinfectant-Sand Filter Drum for Household Water Treatment in Subsaharan Africa

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第8期5卷 947-954页

作者： K.A. Yongabi D.M. lewis P.l. harris School of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 South Australia School of Agriculture and Wine The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 South Australia

This report details an assessment of an integrated low-technology phytodisinfectant-sand filter drum for household water and waste water treatment for sub-Saharan Africa, using bacterial culture tests, total solids, and turbidity amongst others is presented. A hundred litres of very dirty/turbid water （130.3 NTU） was pretreated with 100 seeds of Moringa olieferaand further filtered through a sand filter drum （120 litres carrying capacity） made of fine, coarse sand, charcoal and gravel. The mean total aerobic mesophilic bacterial counts, E coli, coliform, pseudomonas, and yeast counts, as well as turbidity of untreated water drastically reduced to wealth health organization acceptable standards for potable water. The results indicated that the mean values of the same parameters for sand filtered pond water alone was significantly lower than the corresponding mean values obtained for Moringa treated pond water. The findings from this study suggest strongly that an integral of two natural water purification technologies （phytodisinfectant-sand filter drum） could be applied for the treatment of all types of contaminated water rendering it free from pathogens for potable and non potable uses.

关键词： Phytodisinfectant bacteria pathogens turbidity sandfilter drum treatment

A Moringa Oleifera Disinfectant-Sand Filter Integration： A Review of an Alternative Sustainable Technology for Household Water Treatment

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第9期5卷 1100-1108页

作者： K.A. Yongabi D.M. lewis P.l. harris Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 South Australia Department of Agriculture and Wine Science The University of Adelaide Adelaide 5005 South Australia

This review provides an insight and up-to-date information on the application of Moringa oleifera seeds, the short falls of existing technologies as a coagulant and disinfectant in domestic water treatment. While the coagulant properties are well reported, the disinfectant properties are not well studied. literatures on low cost alternative technologies such as the application of hiocoagulants and slow sand filters are extensively reported. However, there is limited work addressing the limitations of these technologies that have restricted its widespread use to solve the global soaring water crises. Slow sand filters have a very slow filtration rate that depends on the biofilm layer which takes about 17 days to form. Moringa oleifera treated water cannot last more than 48 hours without bacteria regrowth. Investigation of the best method of isolating coagulant component continues with differing opinions over the nature of its coagulant ingredient not resolved in ongoing literature. An attempt was made in this paper to highlight the advantages of a Moringa disinfectant sand filter hybrid system that can purify water. Microbiological advantages of this system in providing a 100% removal of pathogens, and engineering considerations such as water treatment within an hour residence time, faster flow rates, less clogging and backwashing could be some of the advantages ofa Moringa sand filter system. The need to focus on integrating Moringa and sand filter systems for more practical applications is recommended.

关键词： Moringa oleifera disinfectant sand filter water integration review

Association between axial length and toric intraocular lens rotation according to an online toric back-calculator

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2022年第3期15卷 420-425页

作者： jennifer l.Patnaik Malik Y.Kahook John P.Berdahl David R.Hardten Brandie D.Wagner leonard K.Seibold Brent A.Kramer Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraColorado 80045USA Vance Thompson Vision Sioux FallsSouth Dakota 57108USA Minnesota Eye Consultants MinneapolisMinnesota 55404USA Department of Biostatistics Colorado School of Public HealthAuroraColorado 80045USA Department of Ophthalmology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNorth Carolina 27517USA

AIM: To assess the relationship between axial length(Al) and intraocular lens(IOl) rotation among eyes receiving a toric IOl and subsequently entered into an online toric back-calculator ***: Retrospective analysis of data collected online via ***, a freely available online toric back-calculator where surgeons enter pre-and postoperative information to help manage residual postoperative *** records were deemed valid with entry of Al and IOl orientation between January 2017 and March *** was determined by a difference of ≥5° between pre-operative intended IOl orientation and actual post-operative IOl *** and magnitude of rotation are presented with means and associated standard deviation(SD).linear regression models of this association are ***: Records of 6752 eyes were included in the analysis, of which 74.8% were determined to have a rotated *** magnitude of rotation increased with each millimeter(mm) increase in Al with a mean rotation of 13.3°(SD: 12.8°) for eyes with Al 20-20.9 mm and a maximum mean rotation of 30.6°(SD: 30.3°) among eyes with Al 29-29.9 *** linear modeling demonstrated a significant association(Plysis from an online database indicates that toric IOls inserted into eyes with longer Al are more likely to rotate and to rotate more degrees from the target *** findings from this study are clinically relevant for surgeons implanting toric IOls.

关键词： cataract surgery toric lens axial length rotation