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Classifying forest inventory data into species-based forest community types at broad extents： exploring tradeoffs among supervised and unsupervised approaches

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Forest Ecosystems 2018年第1期5卷 91-107页

作者： jennifer k.costanza don faber-langendoen john w.coulston david n.wear Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources North C arolina State University3041 Cornwalis RdResearch Triangle ParkRaleighNC 27709USA NatureServe 4600 N.Fairfax Dr7th FloorArlingtonVA 22203USA Southern Research Station USDA Forest ServiceBlacksburgVAUSA Southern Research Station USDA Forest ServiceRaleighNCUSA

Background： knowledge of the different kinds of tree communities that currently exist can provide a baseline for assessing the ecological attributes of forests and monitoring future changes. Forest inventory data can facilitate the development of this baseline knowledge across broad extents, but they first must be classified into forest community types. Here, we compared three alternative classifications across the United States using data from over 117,000 U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis （FIA） plots. Methods： Each plot had three forest community type labels：（1）＂FIA＂ types were assigned by the FIA program using a supervised method; （2）＂USNVC＂ types were assigned via a key based on the U.S. National Vegetation Classification; （3）＂empirical＂ types resulted from unsupervised clustering of tree species information. We assessed the degree to which analog classes occurred among classifications, compared indicator species values, and used random forest models to determine how well the classifications could be predicted using environmental variables. Results： The classifications generated groups of classes that had broadly similar distributions, but often there was no one-to-one analog across the classifications. The Iongleaf pine forest community type stood out as the exception： it was the only class with strong analogs across all classifications. Analogs were most lacking for forest community types with species that occurred across a range of geographic and environmental conditions, such as Ioblolly pine types, indicator species metrics were generally high for the USNVC, suggesting that LJSNVC classes are floristically well-defined. The empirical classification was best predicted by environmental variables. The most important predictors differed slightly but were broadly similar across all classifications, and included slope, amount of forest in the surrounding landscape, average minimum temperature, and other climate variab

关键词： Big data Correspondence analysis Dominant species Forest communities Global change,Hierarchical classification Indicator species Random forests Species assemblages

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Neuroprotection by resveratrol-glucuronide and quercetin-glucuronide via binding to polyphenol-and glycosaminoglycan-binding sites in the laminin receptor

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 819-820页

作者： Rayudu Gopalakrishna jennifer Aguilar Emily Lee William J.Mack Department of Integrative Anatomical Sciences Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery Keck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The dietary polyphenolic compounds resveratrol and quercetin prevent neurodegenerative diseases in experimental models;however, they reach the brain only in nanomolar concentrations in the glucuronidated and sulfated ... 详细信息

关键词： resveratrol molar dated

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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari jennifer C.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner Laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref kevin k.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of Neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the NOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged NOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. Next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation NLRP1 NLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

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The sexually dimorphic expression of glutamate transporters and their implication in pain after spinal cord injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第11期20卷 3317-3329页

作者： jennifer M.Colón-Mercado Aranza I.Torrado-Tapias Iris k.Salgado Jose M.Santiago Samuel E.Ocasio Rivera Dina P.Bracho-Rincon Luis H.Pagan Rivera Jorge D.Miranda Department of Physiology University of Puerto RicoMedical Sciences CampusSan JuanPRUSA National Institutes of Health National Human Genome Research InstituteBethesdaMDUSA Universidad Central del Caribe School of MedicineBayamónPRUSA University of Puerto Rico Carolina CampusCarolinaPRUSA Institute of Neurobiology San JuanPRUSA

In addition to the loss of motor function,~60% of patients develop pain after spinal cord *** cellular-molecular mechanisms are not well understood,but the data suggests that plasticity within the rostral,epicenter,and caudal penumbra of the injury site initiates a cellularmolecular interplay that acts as a rewiring mechanism leading to central neuropathic *** can lead to the formation of new connections triggering abnormal sensory *** excitatory glutamate transporters are responsible for the reuptake of extracellular glutamate which makes them a critical target to prevent neuronal hyperexcitability and *** previous studies showed a sexually dimorphic therapeutic window for spinal cord injury after treatment with the selective estrogen receptor modulator *** this study,we investigated the anti-allodynic effects of tamoxifen in male and female rats with spinal cord *** hypothesized that tamoxifen exerts anti-allodynic effects by increasing the expression of glutamate transporters,leading to reduced hyperexcitability of the secondary neuron or by decreasing aberrant *** and female rats received a moderate contusion to the thoracic spinal cord followed by subcutaneous slow-release treatment of tamoxifen or matrix pellets as a control(placebo).We used von Frey monofilaments and the“up-down method”to evaluate mechanical *** treatment decreased allodynia only in female rats with spinal cord injury revealing a sexdependent *** expression profile of glutamatergic transporters(excitatory amino acid transporter 1/glutamate aspartate transporter and excitatory amino acid transporter 2/glutamate transporter-1)revealed a sexual dimorphism in the rostral,epicenter,and caudal areas of the spinal cord with a pattern of expression primarily on *** rodents showed a significantly higher level of excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression while male rodents showed increased

关键词： allodynia central neuropathic pain EAAT-1/GLAST EAAT-2/GLT-1 glutamate transporters selective estrogen receptor modulator sexual dimorphism spinal cord injury trauma

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A functional tacrolimus-releasing nerve wrap for enhancing nerve regeneration following surgical nerve repair

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 291-304页

作者： Simeon C.Daeschler katelyn J.W.So konstantin Feinberg Marina Manoraj Jenny Cheung jennifer Zhang kaveh Mirmoeini JPaul Santerre Tessa Gordon Gregory HBorschel Sickkids Research Institute Neuroscience and Mental Health ProgramTorontoONCanada Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering University of TorontoTorontoONCanada Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery the Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoONCanada Translational Biology and Engineering Program Ted Rogers Centre for Heart ResearchInstitute of Biomedical EngineeringFaculty of DentistryUniversity of TorontoTorontoONCanada

Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong ***,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve *** accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve *** authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug *** is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 *** and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible *** released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic *** its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.

关键词： biodegradable local drug delivery nerve injury nerve regeneration nerve wrap tacrolimus

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Capitalizing on Superconvergence for More Accurate Multi‑Resolution Discontinuous Galerkin Methods

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2022年第2期4卷 417-436页

作者： jennifer k.Ryan Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA

This article focuses on exploiting superconvergence to obtain more accurate multi-resolution analysis. Specifcally, we concentrate on enhancing the quality of passing of information between scales by implementing the Smoothness-Increasing Accuracy-Conserving (SIAC) fltering combined with multi-wavelets. This allows for a more accurate approximation when passing information between meshes of diferent resolutions. Although this article presents the details of the SIAC flter using the standard discontinuous Galerkin method, these techniques are easily extendable to other types of data.

关键词： Multi-resolution analysis Multi-wavelets Discontinuous Galerkin Smoothness-Increasing Accuracy-Conserving(SIAC) Post-processing Superconvergence Accuracy enhancement

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Hepatocellular carcinoma in the elderly:Meta-analysis and systematic literature review

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第42期21卷 12197-12210页

作者： Annie k Hung jennifer Guy Department of Internal Medicine California Pacific Medical CenterSan Francisco Department of Transplantation Division of Hepatology California Pacific Medical Center San Francisco

AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis to investigate theclinical outcomes of surgical resection and locoregional treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) in elderly patients defined as aged 70 years or more. METHODS: Literature documenting a comparison of clinical outcomes for elderly and non elderly patients with hepatocellular carcinoma was identified by searching Pub Med, Ovid, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases, for those from inception to March 2015 with no limits. Dichotomous outcomes and standard meta-analysis techniques were used. Heterogeneity was tested by the Cochrane Q statistic. Pooled estimates were measured using the fixed or random effect ***: Twenty three studies were included with a total of 12482 patients. Of these patients, 6341 were treated with surgical resection, 3138 were treated with radiofrequency ablation(RFA), and 3003 were treated with transarterial chemoembolization(TACE). Of the patients who underwent surgical resection, the elderly had significantly more respiratory co-morbidities than the younger group, with both groups having a similar proportion of cardiovascular co-morbidities and diabetes. After 1 year, the elderly group had significantly increased survival rates after surgical resection compared to the younger group(OR = 0.762, 95%CI: 0.583-0.994, P = 0.045). However, the 3-year and 5-year survival outcomes with surgical resection between the two groups were similar(OR = 0.947, 95%CI: 0.777-1.154, P = 0.67 for the third year; and OR = 1.131, 95%CI: 0.895-1.430, P = 0.304 for the fifth year). Postoperative treatment complications were similar between the elderly and younger group. The elderly group and younger group had similar survival outcomes for the first and third year after RFA(OR = 1.5, 95%CI: 0.788-2.885, P = 0.217 and OR = 1.352, 95%CI: 0.940-1.944, P = 0.104). For the fifth year, the elderly group had significantly worse survival rates compared to the younger group after RFA(OR = 1.379, 95%CI: 1.079-

关键词： Liver neoplasms Hepatocellular carcinoma Elderly p

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Intragroup social dynamics vary with the presence of neighbors in a cooperatively breeding fish

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Current Zoology 2019年第1期65卷 21-31页

作者： jennifer k. Hellmann Ian M. Hamilton Department of Evolution Ecology and Organismal Biology The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA Department of Mathematics The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA jennifer k. Hellmann Department of Animal Biology School of Integrative Biology University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign 505 S Goodwin Ave Urbana IL 61801 USA

Conflict is an in here nt part of social life in group-living species. Group members may mediate conflict through submissive and affiliative behaviors, which can reduce aggression, stabilize dominance hierarchies, and foster group cohesion. The frequency and resolution of within-group conflict may vary with the presenee of neighboring groups. Neighbors can threaten the territory or resources of the whole group, promoting behaviors that foster within-group cohesion. However, neighbors may also foster conflict of interests among group members: opportunities for subordinate dispersal may alter conflict among dominants and subordinates while opportunities for extrapair reproduction may increase conflict between mates. To understand how neighbors mediate within-group conflict in the cooperatively breeding fish Neolamprologus pulcher, we measured behavioral dynamics and social network structure in isolated groups, groups recently exposed to neighbors, and groups with established neighbors. Aggression and submission between the dominant male and female pair were high in isolated groups, but dominant aggression was directly primarily at subordinates when groups had neighbors. This suggests that neighbors attenuate conflict between mates and foster conflict between dominants and subordinates. Further, aggression and submission between similarly sized group members were most frequent when groups had neighbors, suggesting that neighbors induce rank-related conflict. We found relatively little change in within-group affiliative networks across treatments, suggesting that the presence of neighbors does not alter behaviors associated with promoting group cohesion. Collectively, these results provide some of the first empirical insights into the extent to which intragroup behavioral networks are mediated by intergroup interactions and the broader social context.

关键词： affiliation colony conflict exponential random graph model Neolamprologus pulcher network

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F?(H2O)+CH3I Ligand Exchange Reaction Dynamics

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2020年第2期33卷 210-216,I0003,I0039-I0040页

作者： Bjorn Bastian Tim Michaelsen Milan Oncák jennifer Meyer Roland Wester Institut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte Physik Universitat InnsbruckTechnikerstraβe 256020 InnsbruckAustria

Single hydration of the gas phase F^-+CH3I→CH3F reaction allows to probe solvent effects on a fundamental nucleophilic substitution *** the same time,the addition of a solvent molecule opens alternative product ***,we present crossed beam imaging results on the dynamics of the F^-(H2O)+CH3I→[FCH3I]^-+H2O ligand exchange pathway at collision energies between 0.3 and 2.6 *** kinetic energies are constrained by the stability requirement of the weakly bound product *** implies substantial internal excitation of the water molecule and disfavors effcient energy redistribution in an intermediate complex,which is reflected by the suppression of low kinetic energies as collision energy *** 0.3 eV,internal nucleophilic displacement is important and is discussed in light of the competing nucleophilic substitution pathways that form I^- and I^-(H2O).

关键词： Reaction dynamics Ligand exchange Microsolvation Crossed beams Velocity map imaging

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Superconvergence and the Numerical Flux: a Study Using the Upwind-Biased Flux in Discontinuous Galerkin Methods

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2020年第3期2卷 461-486页

作者： Daniel J.Frean jennifer k.Ryan School of Mathematics University of East AngliaNorwichUK Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCOUSA

One of the beneficial properties of the discontinuous Galerkin method is the accurate wave propagation *** is,the semi-discrete error has dissipation errors of order 2k+1(≤Ch2k+1)and order 2k+2 for dispersion(≤Ch2k+2).Previous studies have concentrated on the order of accuracy,and neglected the important role that the error constant,C,plays in these *** this article,we show the important role of the error constant in the dispersion and dissipation error for discontinuous Galerkin approximation of polynomial degree k,where k=0,1,2,*** gives insight into why one may want a more centred flux for a piecewise constant or quadratic approximation than for a piecewise linear or cubic *** provide an explicit formula for these error *** is illustrated through one particular flux,the upwind-biased flux introduced by Meng et al.,as it is a convex combination of the upwind and downwind *** studies of wave propagation are typically done through a Fourier *** higher order Fourier information can be extracted using the smoothness-increasing accuracy-conserving(SIAC)*** SIAC filter ties the higher order Fourier information to the negative-order norm in physical *** show that both the proofs of the ability of the SIAC filter to extract extra accuracy and numerical results are unaffected by the choice of flux.

关键词： Discontinuous Galerkin Smoothness-increasing accuracy-conserving(SIAC)filtering Superconvergence

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