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A Content Analysis Study Describing Information Regarding Female Genital Mutilation Present in US Medical textbooks

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Advances in Sexual Medicine 2024年第3期14卷 31-47页

作者： jennifer Ofoe Department of Sociology and Anthropology Western Illinois University Macomb USA

this study examines the depth of information regarding Female Genital Mutilation (FGM)/Female Cutting (FC) present in US medical textbooks. According to Klein et al. (2018) [1], despite substantial attention regarding the effects of FGM, this practice is still ongoing all over the world. Healthcare providers are very important actors who need to understand FGM in order to provide care to girls and women subjected to it, but the small amount of existing work in this area shows a low level of knowledge and training about FGM/FC among U.S. physicians. the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) first published the estimated number of girls at risk of FGM/FC in the U.S. to be about 168,000 in 1997;that number had increased to 513,000 girls in the US by 2012 (according to Goldberg et al.) In this study, a small sample of medical textbooks were analyzed for the degree to which the textbooks include information regarding FGM/FC. the results of this study show that US medical textbooks do not include information regarding FGM/FC, suggesting that most medical providers don’t have knowledge and training about FGM/FC. the inadequate information on FGM/FC in medical textbooks reflects a culturally biased lack of recognition of the number of girls and women affected in the US. this maintains an ongoing pattern of silence that reinforces gender inequality. Considering the inadequate information covered in US medical textbooks on FGM/FC, and the concordant lack of provider training to provide advice and care to affected girls and women, incorrect and missed diagnoses may lead to harm to victims of FGM/FC. Providers would be better equipped to care for women and girls if their medical training included information regarding FGM/FC.

关键词： Female Genital Mutilation textbook Analysis

早产母乳中内源性肽释放量高于其在足月生产母乳中的含量

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早产母乳中内源性肽释放量高于其在足月生产母乳中的含量

Risk scores for allograft failure: Are they still useful in liver recipients from donation after circulatory death?

作者： David C Dallas Christina J Smink Randall C Robinson tian tian Andres Guerrero Evan A Parker jennifer t smilowitz Kasper A Hettinga Mark A Underwood Carlito B Lebrilla J Bruce German Daniela Barile 徐美虹 Department of Food Science and technology University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA Foods for Health Institute University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA Dairy Science and technology Group Wageningen University and Research Centre Department of Chemistry University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA

当母亲自己的乳汁不适于婴儿喂养时,捐赠人乳(DHM)是早产儿营养的首选来源。但是DHM通常属于晚期哺乳期乳汁,对于早产儿可能不能提供充足的营养,因此了解足月儿和早产儿不同哺乳期母乳中的成分差异是十分重要的。鉴于肽是一种母乳的替...

当母亲自己的乳汁不适于婴儿喂养时,捐赠人乳(DHM)是早产儿营养的首选来源。但是DHM通常属于晚期哺乳期乳汁,对于早产儿可能不能提供充足的营养,因此了解足月儿和早产儿不同哺乳期母乳中的成分差异是十分重要的。鉴于肽是一种母乳的替代成分,已知足月儿母乳中的总乳蛋白浓度明显高于早产儿,并且随着哺乳期延长而逐渐降低,因此该研究推测在足月儿和早产儿的整个哺乳期,母乳中内生肽的组成、肽的功能和对这些肽负有责任的酶是有差异的。该研究从荷兰人乳库选取22份样本,对其中的总蛋白、肽组成、肽功能和酶进行了分析。分析选取的样本包括了早产儿

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World Journal of transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 95-100页

作者： Mohamed H Mohamed Chairi Mónica Mogollón González jennifer triguero Cabrera Inmaculada Segura Jiménez Maria t Villegas Herrera Jesús M Villar del Moral transplant Surgery Division Department of SurgeryVirgen de las Nieves University HospitalGranada 18013AndalusiaSpain

BACKGROUND Liver grafts from donation after circulatory death(DCD)are associated with a higher risk of early graft dysfunction,determined by the warm ischemia and cold ischemia *** is essential to have precise criteria to identify this complication in order to guide therapeutic *** to validate different graft and recipient survival scores in patients undergoing liver transplantation(Lt)with DCD *** A retrospective and observational unicentric study was conducted on 65 Lt patients with grafts obtained from controlled DCD donors from November 2013 to November *** United Kingdom(UK)risk score,early allograft dysfunction(EAD)Olthoff score,and model for early allograft function(MEAF)score were used to evaluate the risk of graft and recipient survival *** survival analysis purposes,we used the Kaplan-Meier method,and the differences between subgroups were compared using the log-rank(Mantel-Cox)*** Sixty-five patients were included in the *** UK risk score did not demonstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft ***,in donors aged over 70 years old(18.4%),it significantly predicted graft survival(Pto Kaplan-Meier survival curves,graft survival rates at 6 months,2 years,and 5 years in the futility group dramatically decreased to 50%compared to the other groups(log-rank 8.806,Pthe EAD Olthoff and MEAF scores did not demonstrate predictive capacity for recipient or graft *** on Kaplan-Meier survival curves,patients with a MEAF score≥7 had a lower graft survival rate at 6 months,2 years,and 5 years compared to patients with a lower MEAF score(log-rank 4.667,Pth UK DCD risk score and MEAF score showed predictive capability for graft survival.

关键词： Liver transplantation Donation after circulatory death Early allograft dysfunction Risk scores Graft surviva

Individual and geospatial factors associated with receipt of colorectal cancer screening:a state-wide mixed-level analysis

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S2期12卷 18-25页

作者： jennifer E Bayly Mara A Schonberg Marcia C Castro Kenneth J Mukamal Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center BostonMassachusettsUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMassachusettsUSA Department of Global Health and Population Harvard T H Chan School of Public HealthBostonMassachusettsUSA

Background Colorectal cancer(CRC)is the second leading cause of cancer death in US adults but can be reduced by *** roles of individual and contextual factors,and especially physician supply,in attaining universal CRC screening remains *** We used data from adults 50-75 years old participating in the 2018 New York(NY)Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System linked to county-level covariates,including primary care physician(PCP)density and gastroenterologist(GI)*** were analysed in *** analyses included(1)ecological and geospatial analyses of county-level CRC screening prevalence and(2)individual-level Poisson regression models of receipt of screening,adjusted for socioeconomic and county-level contextual *** Mean prevalence of up-to-date CRC screening was 71%(95%CI 70%to 73%)across NY’s 62 ***-level CRC screening demonstrated significant spatial patterning(Global Moran’s I=0.14,p=0.04),consistent with the existence of county-level contextual *** both county-level and individual-level analyses,lack of health insurance was associated with lower likelihood of up-to-date screening(?−1.09(95%CI−2.00 to-0.19);adjusted prevalence ratio 0.68(95%CI 0.60 to 0.77)),even accounting for age,race/ethnicity and *** contrast,county-level densities of both PCPs and GIs were completely unassociated with screening at either the county or individual *** expected,other determinants at the individual level included education status and *** In this state-wide representative analysis,physician density was completely unassociated with CRC screening,although health insurance status remains strongly *** similar screening environments,broadened insurance coverage for CRC screening is likely to improve screening far more effectively than increased physician supply.

关键词： state screening county

How completely are randomized controlled trials of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion reported? A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 537-547页

作者： Jacqueline Josee van Ierssel Olivia Galea Kirsten Holte Caroline Luszawski Elizabeth Jenkins jennifer O’Neil Carolyn A Emery Rebekah Mannix Kathryn Schneider Keith Owen Yeates Roger Zemek Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute OttawaON K1H 8L1Canada the Centre for Health Activity and Rehabilitation ResearchUniversity of OtagoDunedin 9016New Zealand Sport Injury Prevention Research Centre Faculty of KinesiologyUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute University of Calgary CalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada Hotchkiss Brain Institute University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 4N1Canada Department of Psychology University of CalgaryCalgaryAB T2N 1N4Canada g Faculty of MedicineUniversity of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada School of Rehabilitation Sciences University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada Bruyere Research Institute OttawaON K1N 5C8Canada Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02115USA Departments of Pediatrics and Emergency Medicine University of OttawaOttawaON K1H 8M5Canada

Purpose:the study aimed to examine the reporting completeness of randomized controlled trials(RCts)of non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We searched MEDLINE,Embase,PsycInfo,CINAHL,and Web of Science up to May *** reviewers independently screened studies and assessed reporting completeness using the template for Intervention Description and Replication(tIDieR),Consensus on Exercise Reporting template(CERt),and international Consensus on therapeutic Exercise aNd training(i-CONtENt)*** information was sought my study authors where reporting was *** of bias(ROB)was assessed with the Cochrane ROB-2 *** examining non-pharmacological interventions following ***:We included 89 RCts(n=53 high ROB)examining 11 different interventions for concussion:sub-symptom threshold aerobic exercise,cervicovestibular therapy,physical/cognitive rest,vision therapy,education,psychotherapy,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,transcranial magnetic stimulation,blue light therapy,osteopathic manipulation,and head/neck *** scores were:tIDieR 9/12(75%;interquartile range(IQR)=5;range:5-12),CERt 17/19(89%;IQR=2;range:10-19),and i-CONtENt 6/7(86%;IQR=1;range:5-7).Percentage of studies completely reporting all items was tIDieR 35%(31/89),CERt 24%(5/21),and i-CONtENt 10%(2/21).Studies were more completely reported after publication of tIDieR(t_(87)=2.08;p=0.04)and CERt(t_(19)=2.72;p=0.01).Reporting completeness was not strongly associated with journal impact factor(tIDieR:rs=0.27;p=0.01;CERt:r_(s)=-0.44;p=0.06;i-CONtENt:r_(s)=-0.17;p=0.48)or ROB(tIDieR:rs=0.11;p=0.31;CERt:rs=0.04;p=0.86;i-CONtENt:rs=0.12;p=0.60).Conclusion:RCts of non-pharmacological interventions following concussion demonstrate moderate to good reporting completeness,but are often missing key components,particularly modifications,motivational strategies,and qualified *** completeness improved after tIDieR and CERt publication,but p

关键词： Concussion Intervention Randomized controlled trial Systematic review

Understanding wound healing in obesity

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World Journal of Experimental Medicine 2024年第1期14卷 22-32页

作者： Asha Cotterell Michelle Griffin Mauricio A Downer jennifer B Parker Derrick Wan Michael t Longaker Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94301United States Stanford University School of Medicine Stanford University School of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94301United States Department of Surgery Stanford University School of MedicineHagey Laboratory for Pediatric Regenerative MedicinePalo AltoCA 94301United States

Obesity has become more prevalent in the global *** is associated with the development of several diseases including diabetes mellitus,coronary heart disease,and metabolic *** are a multitude of factors impacted by obesity that may contribute to poor wound healing *** millions worldwide classified as obese,it is imperative to understand wound healing in these *** advances in the understanding of wound healing in both healthy and diabetic populations,much is unknown about wound healing in obese *** review examines the impact of obesity on wound healing and several animal models that may be used to broaden our understanding in this *** a growing portion of the population identifies as obese,understanding the underlying mechanisms and how to overcome poor wound healing is of the utmost importance.

关键词： Obesity Wound healing Adipokines tissue fibrosis Diabetes Preclinical animal models Hypertrophic skin scarring Wound tension Metabolic syndrome

Blockchain-Based System for Secure and Efficient Cross-Border Remittances: A Potential Alternative to SWIFt

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Journal of Software Engineering and Applications 2024年第8期17卷 664-712页

作者： Omoshola S. Owolabi Emmanuel Hinneh Prince C. Uche Nathaniel t. Adeniken jennifer A. Ohaegbulem Samuel Attakorah Oluwabukola G. Emi-Johnson Chinaza S. Belolisa Harold Nwariaku Department of Data Science Carolina University Winston Salem NC USA Patterson School of Business Carolina University Winston Salem NC USA Department of Statistical Sciences Wake Forest University Winston Salem NC USA Department of Computer Science Fisk University Nashville TN USA Harold & Co Procurement and Supply Chain Consulting Lagos Nigeria

this paper proposes a blockchain-based system as a secure, efficient, and cost-effective alternative to SWIFt for cross-border remittances. the current SWIFt system faces challenges, including slow settlement times, high transaction costs, and vulnerability to fraud. Leveraging blockchain technology’s decentralized, transparent, and immutable nature, the proposed system aims to address these limitations. Key features include modular architecture, implementation of microservices, and advanced cryptographic protocols. the system incorporates Proof of Stake consensus with BLS signatures, smart contract execution with dynamic pricing, and a decentralized oracle network for currency conversion. A sophisticated risk-based authentication system utilizes Bayesian networks and machine learning for enhanced security. Mathematical models are presented for critical components, including transaction validation, currency conversion, and regulatory compliance. Simulations demonstrate potential improvements in transaction speed and costs. However, challenges such as regulatory hurdles, user adoption, scalability, and integration with legacy systems must be addressed. the paper provides a comparative analysis between the proposed blockchain system and SWIFt, highlighting advantages in transaction speed, costs, and security. Mitigation strategies are proposed for key challenges. Recommendations are made for further research into scaling solutions, regulatory frameworks, and user-centric designs. the adoption of blockchain-based remittances could significantly impact the financial sector, potentially disrupting traditional models and promoting financial inclusion in underserved markets. However, successful implementation will require collaboration between blockchain innovators, financial institutions, and regulators to create an enabling environment for this transformative system.

关键词： Interoperability tokens AML/KYC Compliance Peer-to-Peer transfers Financial Inclusion

A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces bone marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and Experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： Lauren S.Kelly jennifer A.Munley Erick E.Pons Kolenkode B.Kannan Elizabeth M.Whitley Letitia E.Bible Philip A.Efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:Severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ *** rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human *** aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic ***:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHS),multicompartmental polytrauma(Pt)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(tLR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(BM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GEMM,BFU-E,and CFU-E)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuests:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to LCHS(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma tLR4(pto body weight ratios(p=0.004).Both LCHS and Pt demonstrated suppression of CFU-E and BFU-E growth compared to naive(pted in Pt compared to both na?ve and LCHS(pt demonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe *** may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

Dissection of a rapidly evolving wheat resistance gene cluster by long-read genome sequencing accelerated the cloning of Pm69

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Plant Communications 2024年第1期5卷 69-83页

作者： Yinghui Li Zhen-Zhen Wei Hanan Sela Liubov Govta Valentyna Klymiuk Rajib Roychowdhury Harmeet Singh Chawla jennifer Ens Krystalee Wiebe Valeria Bocharova Roi Ben-David Prerna B.Pawar Yuqi Zhang Samidha Jaiwar Istvan Molnar Jaroslav Dolezel Gitta Coaker Curtis J.Pozniak tzion Fahima Institute of Evolution University of HaifaMt.CarmelHaifa 3498838Israel the Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology University of HaifaMt.CarmelHaifa 3498838Israel the Institute of Plant Protection Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066China Crop Development Centre and Department of Plant Sciences University of Saskatchewan51 Campus DriveSaskatoonSK S7N 5A8Canada Department of Vegetables and Field Crops Institute of Plant SciencesAgricultural Research Organization(ARO)–Volcani CenterRishon Lezion 7505101Israel Department of Crop Genomics and Bioinformatics China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100094China Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences Centre of the Region Hana´for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchSlechtitelu 3177900 OlomoucCzech Republic Plant Pathology Department University of CaliforniaDavisDavisCA 95616USA Present address:Department of Plant Science University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 2N2Canada Present address:Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural ResearchELKHMartonvasar 2462Hungary

Gene cloning in repeat-rich polyploid genomes remains ***,we describe a strategy for overcoming major bottlenecks in cloning of the powdery mildew resistance gene(R-gene)Pm69 derived from tetraploid wild emmer wheat.A conventional positional cloning approach was not effective owing to suppressed *** sorting was compromised by insufficient purity.A Pm69 physical map,constructed by assembling Oxford Nanopore technology(ONt)long-read genome sequences,revealed a rapidly evolving nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)R-gene cluster with structural variations.A single candidate NLR was identified by anchoring RNA sequencing reads from susceptible mutants to ONt contigs and was validated by virus-induced gene ***69 is likely a newly evolved NLR and was discovered in only one location across the wild emmer wheat distribution range in ***69 was successfully introgressed into cultivated wheat,and a diagnostic molecular marker was used to accelerate its deployment and pyramiding with other R-genes.

关键词： cluster resistance Israel