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Turbulent burst around experimental spur dike

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2011年第4期26卷 471-486+523页

作者： jennifer DUAN Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics University of Arizona

Three-dimensional turbulent flow field was measured around an experimental spur dike by using a micro-acoustic Doppler *** fractions of turbulent burst events including outward interaction,ejection,inward interaction,and sweep were analyzed in each quadrant at the neighbor of the dike before and after the formation of scour *** 80%of burst events near the bed have lower-order of magnitudes for both flat and scoured bed *** and sweeps are prevalent before the local scour was initiated,and then outward interactions are dominant after the scour hole was *** Reynolds stresses and high-order moments of turbulent velocities were analyzed along the *** magnitudes of u’-w’ pair were much larger than those of v’-vv’ pair in the scour *** four burst events,ejections and sweeps are the higher order events contributing to the Reynolds *** sediment entrainment and transport are closely associated with turbulent bursts near bed,the development of scour hole greatly depends on the higher order event near the bed.

关键词： Turbulent burst Spur dike Quadrant analysis High-order momentums

Do people with low back pain walk differently? A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2022年第4期11卷 450-465页

作者： Jo Armour Smith Heidi Stabbert jennifer J.Bagwell Hsiang-Ling Teng Vernie Wade Szu-Ping Lee Department of Physical Therapy Chapman UniversityIrvineCA 92618USA Department of Physical Therapy California State UniversityLong BeachCA 90840USA Department of Physical Therapy University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA

Background:The biomechanics of the trunk and lower limbs during walking and running gait are frequently assessed in individuals with low back pain(LBP).Despite substantial research,it is still unclear whether consistent and generalizable changes in walking or running gait occur in association with *** purpose of this systematic review was to identify whether there are differences in biomechanics during walking and running gait in individuals with acute and persistent LBP compared with back-healthy ***:A search was conducted in PubMed,CINAHL,SPORTDiscus,and PsycINFO in June 2019 and was repeated in December *** were included if they reported biomechanical characteristics of individuals with and without LBP during steady-state or perturbed walking and *** data included spatiotemporal,kinematic,kinetic,and electromyography *** reporting quality and potential for bias of each study was *** were pooled where possible to compare the standardized mean differences(SMD)between back pain and back-healthy control ***:Ninety-seven studies were included and *** studies investigated acute pain and the rest investigated persistent *** studies investigated running *** the studies,20%had high reporting quality/low risk of *** comparison with back-healthy controls,individuals with persistent LBP walked slower(SMD=-0.59,95%confidence interval(95%CI):-0.77 to-0.42)and with shorter stride length(SMD=-0.38,95%CI:-0.60 to-0.16).There were no differences in the amplitude of motion in the thoracic or lumbar spine,pelvis,or hips in individuals with *** walking,coordination of motion between the thorax and the lumbar spine/pelvis was significantly more in-phase in the persistent LBP groups(SMD=-0.60,95%CI:-0.90 to-0.30),and individuals with persistent LBP exhibited greater amplitude of activation in the paraspinal muscles(SMD=0.52,95%CI:0.23-0.80).There were no consistent differences in ru

关键词： Biomechanics Low back pain Running Walking

Diverticulitis is a population health problem:Lessons and gaps in strategies to implement and improve contemporary care

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2023年第6期15卷 1007-1019页

作者： Stephanie Lee Stovall jennifer A Kaplan Joanna K Law David R Flum Vlad V Simianu Department of Surgery Virginia Mason Franciscan HealthSeattleWA 98101United States Department of Gastroenterology Virginia Mason Franciscan HealthSeattleWA 98101United States Department of Surgery University of Washington MedicalSeattleWA 98195United States

The disease burden of diverticulitis is high across inpatient and outpatient settings,and the prevalence of diverticulitis has ***,patients with acute diverticulitis were admitted routinely for intravenous antibiotics and many had urgent surgery with colostomy or elective surgery after only a few *** recent studies have challenged the standards of how acute and recurrent diverticulitis are managed,and many clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)have pivoted to recommend outpatient management and individualized decisions about *** the rates of diverticulitis hospitalizations and operations are increasing in the United States,suggesting there is a disconnect from or delay in adoption of CPGs across the spectrum of diverticular *** this review,we propose approaching diverticulitis care from a population level to understand the gaps between contemporary studies and real-world practice and suggest strategies to implement and improve future care.

关键词： Diverticulitis Hospitalization Elective Emergent surgery Clinical guidelines Diverticular disease

Sub-Compartmental Organization of Golgi-Resident N-Glycan Processing Enzymes in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2011年第2期4卷 220-228页

作者： jennifer Schoberer Richard Strasser School of Life Sciences Oxford Brookes University Headington Campus Gipsy Lane Oxford OX3 OBP UK Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna Austria

In all eukaryotes, the Golgi apparatus is the main site of protein glycosylation. It is widely accepted that the glycosidases and glycosyltransferases involved in N-glycan processing are found concentrated within the Golgi stack where they provide their function. This means that enzymes catalyzing early steps in the processing pathway are located mainly at the cis-side, whereas late-acting enzymes mostly locate to the trans-side of the stacks, creating a non-uniform distribution along the cis-trans axis of the Golgi. There is compelling evidence that the information for their sorting to specific Golgi cisternae depends on signals encoded in the proteins themselves as well as on the trafficking machinery that recognizes these signals and it is believed that cisternal sub-compartmentalization is achieved and maintained by a combination of retention and retrieval mechanisms. Yet, the signals, mechanism（s）, and molecular factors involved are still unknown. Here, we address recent findings and summarize the current understanding of this fundamental process in plant cell biology.

关键词： Endomembrane system Golgi apparatus glycosylation glycosyltransferase.

Tooth loss patterns in older adults with special needs:a Minnesota cohort

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International Journal of Oral Science 2011年第1期3卷 27-33页

作者： jennifer J.Clark Department of Dental Ecology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA

This study was conducted to detail tooth loss patterns in older adults with special needs. A total of 491 elderly subjects with special needs were retrospectively selected and followed during 10/1999-12/2006. Medical, dental, cognitive, and functional assessments were abstracted from dental records and used to predict risk of tooth loss. Tooth loss events were recorded for subjects during follow-up. Chi-squared tests were used to study the association between tooth loss and the selected risk factors. Logistic, poisson, and negative binomial regressions were developed to study tooth loss patterns. Overall, 27% of the subjects lost at least one tooth during follow-up. Fourteen subjects had tooth loss events per 100 person-years. Tooth loss pattern did not differ significantly among different special-needs subgroups （i.e. community-dwelling vs. long-term care, physically disabled vs. functionally independent）. Special-needs subjects with three or more active dental conditions at arrival had more than twice the risk of losing teeth than those without any existing conditions. After adjusting other factors, the number of carious teeth or retained roots at arrival was a significant predictor of tooth loss for older adults with special needs （P=0.001）. These findings indicate that appropriately managing active caries and associated conditions is important to prevent tooth loss for older adults with special needs.

关键词： tooth loss elderly special needs

Application of Artificial Neural Networks to Rainfall Forecasting in Queensland,Australia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第4期29卷 717-730页

作者： John ABBOT jennifer MAROHASY Centre for Plant and Water Science Central Queensland UniversityBruce Highway Rockhampton Q.4702Australia

In this study, the application of artificial intelligence to monthly and seasonal rainfall forecasting in Queensland, Australia, was assessed by inputting recognized climate indices, monthly historical rainfall data, and atmospheric temperatures into a prototype stand-alone, dynamic, recurrent, time-delay, artificial neural network. Outputs, as monthly rainfall forecasts 3 months in advance for the period 1993 to 2009, were compared with observed rainfall data using time-series plots, root mean squared error （RMSE）, and Pearson correlation coefficients. A comparison of RMSE values with forecasts generated by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology＇s Predictive Ocean Atmosphere Model for Australia （POAMA）-I.5 general circulation model （GCM） indicated that the prototype achieved a lower RMSE for 16 of the 17 sites compared. The application of artificial neural networks to rainfall forecasting was reviewed. The prototype design is considered preliminary, with potential for significant improvement such as inclusion of output from GCMs and experimentation with other input attributes.

关键词： general circulation models artificial neural networks rainfall forecast

The sperm-interacting proteome in the bovine isthmus and ampulla during the periovulatory period

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 980-1000页

作者： Coline Mahe Regis Lavigne Emmanuelle Com Charles Pineau Aleksandra Maria Zlotkowska Guillaume Tsikis Pascal Mermillod jennifer Schoen Marie Saint-Dizier CNRS IFCEINRAEUniversite de ToursPRC37380 NouzillyFrance Univ Rennes InsermEHESPIrset(Institut de Recherche en SanteEnvironnement Et Travail)-UMR-S 1085F‑35000 RennesFrance Univ Rennes CNRSInsermBiosit UAR 3480 US_S 018Protim Core Facility35000 RennesFrance Institute of Reproductive Biology Leibniz Institute for Farm Animal BiologyFBNDummerstorfGermany Present Address:Department of Reproduction Biology Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research(IZW)BerlinGermany

Background Spermatozoa interact with oviduct secretions before fertilization in vivo but the molecular players of this dialog and underlying dynamics remain largely *** objectives were to identify an exhaustive list of sperm-interacting proteins(SIPs)in the bovine oviduct fluid and to evaluate the impact of the oviduct anatomical region(isthmus ***)and time relative to ovulation(pre-ovulatory ***-ovulatory)on SIPs number and *** Pools of oviduct fluid(OF)from the pre-ovulatory ampulla,pre-ovulatory isthmus,post-ovulatory ampulla,and post-ovulatory isthmus in the side of ovulation were collected from the ***-thawed bull sperm were incubated with OF or phosphate-buffered saline(control)for 60 min at 38.5℃.After protein extraction and digestion,sperm and OF samples were analyzed by nanoLC-MS/MS and label-free protein *** A quantitative comparison between proteins identified in sperm and OF samples(2333 and 2471 proteins,respectively)allowed for the identification of 245 *** highest number(187)were found in the pre-ovulatory isthmus,i.e.,time and place of the sperm *** total,41 SIPs(17%)were differentially abundant between stages in a given region or between regions at a given stage and 76 SIPs(31%)were identified in only one region×stage *** analysis of SIPs predicted roles in cell response to stress,regulation of cell motility,fertilization,and early embryo *** This study provides a comprehensive list of SIPs in the bovine oviduct and evidences dynamic spatiotemporal changes in sperm-oviduct interactions around ovulation ***,these data provide protein candidates to improve sperm conservation and in vitro fertilization media.

关键词： Ampulla Fallopian tube Interactome Isthmus Oviduct Ovulation Post-ovulatory Pre-ovulatory Proteomics Spermatozoa

Alternative polyadenylation events in epithelial cells sense endometritis progression in dairy cows

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第6期22卷 1820-1832页

作者： Meagan J.STOTTS Yangzi ZHANG Shuwen ZHANG jennifer J.MICHAL Juan VELEZ Bothe HANS Martin MAQUIVAR Zhihua JIANG Department of Animal Sciences and Center for Reproductive Biology Washington State UniversityPullmanWA 99164-7620USA Aurora Organic Farms PlattevilleCO 80651USA

Endometritis(inflammation of the endometrial lining) is one of the most devastating reproductive diseases in dairy cattle, resulting in substantial production loss and causing more than $650 million in lost revenue annually in the *** hypothesize that alternative polyadenylation(APA) sites serve as decisive sensors for endometrium health and disease in dairy cows. Endometrial cells collected from 18 cows with purulent vaginal discharge scored 0 to 2 were used for APA profiling with our whole transcriptome termini site sequencing(WTTS-seq) method. Overall, pathogens trigger hosts to use more differentially expressed APA(DE-APA), more intronic DE-APA, more DE-APA sites per gene and more DE-genes associated with inflammation. Host CD59 molecule(CD59), Fc fragment of IgG receptor IIa(FCGR2A), lymphocyte antigen 75(LY75) and plasminogen(PLG) may serve as initial contacts or combats with pathogens on cell surface, followed by activation of nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group H member 4(NR1H4) to regulate AXL receptor tyrosine kinase(AXL), FGR proto-oncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase(FGR), HCK protooncogene, Src family tyrosine kinase(HCK) and integrin subunit beta 2(ITGB2) for anti-inflammation. This study is the first to show significance of cilium pathways in endometrium health and animal reproduction. MIR21 and MIR30A would be perfect antagonistic biomarkers for diagnosis of either inflammation or anti-inflammation. These novel findings will set precedent for future genomic studies to aid the dairy industry develop new strategies to reduce endometritis incidence and improve fertility.

关键词： organic dairy endometritis alternative polyadenylation infection progression antagonistic biomarkers

Endoscopic treatment of Barrett's esophagus:From metaplasia to intramucosal carcinoma

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第30期16卷 3780-3785页

作者： jennifer Chennat Irving Waxman Center for Endoscopic Research and Therapeutics Section of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineUniversity of Chicago Pritzker School of MedicineChicagoIL 60637United States

The annual incidence of adenocarcinoma arising from Barrett’s esophagus (BE) is approximately 0.5%. Through a process of gradual transformation from lowgrade dysplasia to high-grade dysplasia (HGD), adenocarcinoma can develop in the setting of BE. The clinical importance of appropriate identifi cation and treatment of BE in its various stages, from intestinal metaplasia to intramucosal carcinoma (IMC) hinges on the dramatically different prognostic status between early neoplasia and more advanced stages. Once a patient has symptoms of adenocarcinoma, there is usually locally advanced disease with an approximate 5-year survival rate of about 20%. Esophagectomy has been the gold standard treatment for BE with HGD, due to the suspected risk of harboring occult invasive carcinoma, which was traditionally estimated to be as high as 40%. In recent years, the paradigm of BE early neoplasia management has recently evolved, and endoscopic therapies (endoscopic mucosal resection, radiofrequency ablation, and cryotherapy) have entered the clinical forefront as acceptable non-surgical alternatives for HGD and IMC. The goal of endoscopic therapy for HGD or IMC is to ablateall BE epithelium (both dysplastic and non-dysplastic) due to risk of synchronous/metachronous lesion development in the remaining BE segment.

关键词： Barrett’s esophagus High-grade dysplasia Intramucosal carcinoma Esophagectomy Endoscopic mucosal resection Radiofrequency ablation Cryotherapy