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ECNU Review of Education 2021年第1期4卷 108-127页

作者： Steven m.Ross jennifer R.morrison Johns Hopkins University

Purpose:We examine considerations regarding the positive contributions of evidence accountability and challenges that frustrate educators in gaining access to the needed product ***/Approach/methods:We review the research literature on the multiple characteristics of evidence relative to consumer(practitioner)*** then examine,through a"case illustration"of an initiative in a large school district,a second challenge for evidence usage-conducting viable studies and interpreting outcomes from comprehensive interventions in complex educational ***:Despite attention being given to rigorous evidence,consumers report preferring peer recommendations and local pilot studies as *** our case illustration,we found that the availability of evidence from comprehensive formative evaluation studies was viewed by stakeholders as positively contributing to program implementation quality and sustainability over ***/Value:We use a real-world"case illustration"of a complex initiative in a large,diverse school district to illustrate how current policies and expectations regarding evidence support for educational programs is filtered through multiple agendas and personal needs of key ***,evaluators acquire nontraditional roles that go beyond routine execution of rigorous *** these factors,we offer recommendations for fostering more meaningful and objective interpretations and usage of evidence by local stakeholders.

关键词： Evidence of effectiveness program evaluation technology integration

Diffusion tensor imaging in the courtroom:Distinction between scientific specificity and legally admissible evidence

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第19期11卷 4477-4497页

作者： jennifer Christine van Velkinburgh mark D Herbst Stewart m Casper Science Communication Filipodia Publishing LLCSanta FeNM 87505United States Diagnostic Radiology Independent Diagnostic Radiology IncSt PetersburgFL 33711United States Personal Injury Law Casper&DeToledo LLCStamfordCT 06905United States

Interest and uptake of science and medicine peer-reviewed literature by readers outside of a paper’s topical subject,field or even discipline is *** the application of knowledge from one field or discipline to others can stimulate innovative solutions to problems facing modern society,it is also fraught with danger for *** the practice of law in the United States,academic papers are submitted to the courts as evidence in personal injury litigation from both the plaintiff(complainant)and *** transcendence of an academic publication over disciplinary boundaries is immediately met with the challenge of application by a group that inherently lacks in-depth knowledge on the scientific method,the practice of evidence-based medicine,or the publication process as a structured and internationally synthesized process involving peer review and guided by ethical standards and norms.A modern-day example of this is the ongoing conflict between the sensitivity of diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)and the legal standards for admissibility of evidence in litigation cases of mild traumatic brain injury(mTBI).In this review,we amalgamate the peer-reviewed research on DTI in mTBI with the court’s rationale underlying decisions to admit or exclude evidence of DTI abnormalities to support claims of brain *** found that the papers which are critical of the use of DTI in the courtroom reflect a primary misunderstanding about how diagnostic biomarkers differ legally from relevant and admissible *** clinical use of DTI to identify white matter abnormalities in the brain at the chronic stage is a valid methodology both clinically as well as forensically,contributes data that may or may not corroborate the existence of white matter damage,and should be admitted into evidence in personal injury trials if supported by a *** also delve into an aspect of science publication and peer review that can be manipulated by scientists and clinicians to

关键词： Diffuse axonal injury mild brain injury magnetic resonance imaging Neuroimaging medicolegal Litigation medical jurisprudence Ethics Peer review Publishing

Large Conventional Osteosarcoma of the Proximal Humerus in a 13-Year-Old Child: Case Report

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第2期14卷 297-304页

作者： Lucienne Irène Patricia Ondima Rhodia Hélène Bosseba missengue Cardinale Princilia Okiemy Niendet Nuptia Erica Akobande Jean Claude mieret Caryne mboutol-mandavo Redy Atipo Galloye Judith Nsondé malanda jennifer mave Sirimé Ngandzo Fabien mouamba Faculty of Health Sciences Marien Ngouabi University Brazzaville Congo Paediatric Surgery Department Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Department of General Surgery Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Carcinology Department Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo Anatomo-Pathology Laboratory Brazzaville University Hospital Centre Brazzaville Congo

Introduction: Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in children. It is highly aggressive and has a poor prognosis. A late presentation modifies and makes difficult the management affecting the survival of children. We report the case of a large conventional osteosarcoma in a 13-year-old girl. Case Presentation: Adolescent girl admitted for painful swelling of the left shoulder with absolute functional impotence of the thoracic limb and severe anemia. The painful swelling was thought to have been caused by a minor trauma that had occurred six months previously. The patient’s general condition was poor, and she presented with a large, shiny, painful mass over the shoulder and upper 2/3 of the left arm, measuring 28 cm long by 28 cm wide and 57 cm in circumference, and a large fistulous axillary adenopathy. CT scan showed a tumour lesion of the left humerus with liver and lung metastases, raising suspicion of osteogenic osteosarcoma. The tumor was classified according to TNm staging: T2N1m1(a + b). management was modified when uncontrolled bleeding developed. It consisted of an extended amputation of the left thoracic limb. Pathological analysis showed a high-grade conventional osteosarcoma. Quality improvement was obtained for thirty days, followed by the onset of dyspnea. The evolution was towards death at forty days post-operatively. Conclusion: Osteosarcoma is a highly aggressive cancer. Delayed treatment leads to a fatal outcome. Early diagnosis is one of the challenges to be met in order to improve survival.

关键词： Osteosarcoma Child Conventional Case Report

Hypoxia inducible factor in hepatocellular carcinoma:A therapeutic target

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第42期21卷 12171-12178页

作者： Daniel Lin jennifer Wu Fellow Hematology and medical Oncology Program NYU School of Medicine Perlmutter Cancer Center NYU Langone Medical Center Division of Hematology and Oncology NYU School of medicine Subdivision of GI Oncology Perlmutter Cancer Center NYU Langone Medical Center Division of Hematology and Oncology

Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) is one of the most commonly diagnosed and deadly cancers worldwide; its incidence has been rising in the United States due to the increase in hepatitis C associated cirrhosis and the growing epidemic of obesity. There have been no effective therapeutic options in the advanced disease setting beyond sorafenib, a multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that showed significant survival benefit. Because of this, there is an urgent need to search for novel pathways in sorafenib experienced patients. This review will focus on the role of hypoxia and hypoxiainducible factor alpha(HIF-1α) in cancer development, specifically in HCC. We will discuss the biology of HIF-1α, the pathways with which it interacts, and the function of HIF-1α in HCC. Furthermore, we will review studies highlighting the relevance of HIF-1α in the clinical setting, as well as the pre-clinical data supporting its further investigation. Finally, we will conclude with a discussion of the potential role of a HIF-1α m RNA antagonist for the treatment of HCC, and hypothesize the ways in which such an inhibitor may be best utilized in the management of advanced HCC. Hypoxia plays a significant role in the development of HCC. HIF-1α is a key transcription factor involved in the hypoxic response of cancer cells. It activates transcription of genes responsible for angiogenesis, glucose metabolism, proliferation, invasion and metastasis in HCC. Its involvement in multiple, essential tumor pathways makes it an attractive potential therapeutic target in HCC.

关键词： Hypoxia Hypoxia-inducible factor alpha Hepatocellu

Soil fertilization does not alter plant architectural effects on arthropod communities

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第5期10卷 800-807页

作者： m.Noelia Barrios-Garcia mariano A.Rodriguez-Cabal jennifer A.Rudgers Gregory m.Crutsinger CONICET CENAC-APNFagnano 244BarilocheRio Negro CP.8400Argentina Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones INIBIOMA-CONICETUniversidad Nacional del ComahueAv.de los Pioneros 2350BarilocheRio Negro CP.8400Argentina Department of Biology University of New MexicoCastetter Hall 286AlbuquerqueNM 87131USA Department of Zoology University of British Columbia#4200-6270 University Blvd.VancouverBritish Columbia V6T 1Z4Canada

Aims While a growing number of studies have demonstrated the impor-tance of intraspecific differences within plant species on associ-ated arthropod communities,little is known regarding the relative strength of these effects compared to environmental *** this study,we examined whether intraspecific plant differences and nutrient fertilization interact to shape the arthropod community of a dominant coastal shrub,Baccharis pilularis(coyote bush).methods We overlaid a fertilization treatment on a 12-year-old common garden experiment planted with erect and prostrate architectural morphs of Baccharis in california,*** collect the associated arthropod community,we vacuum sampled the crown of each Baccharis and identified individuals to species or *** Findings We found that arthropod richness and abundance were 2-to 3-fold greater on prostrate Baccharis than on erect morphs,but observed no main effects of fertilizer addition on the over-all arthropod *** responded as strongly as herbivores to plant morph,and both were unaffected by nutrient *** the specialist stem galler,Gnorimoschema bac-charisella,showed an interactive response to plant morph and ***,phosphorous and potassium addition had opposite effects on the two morphs,increasing stem gall abun-dance by 50%on prostrate morphs,but reducing galling by 20%on erect *** architectural complexity of prostrate morphs could be the driving mechanism of differences in arthropod ***,our results demonstrate that communitylevel consequences of intraspecific differences in plants are strong,rather than being context dependent,and are generally maintained under different resource *** growing number of studies showing strong genotype than nutrient effects on associated arthropod communities suggests that this might be a generalized pattern.

关键词： Baccharis pilularis community genetics G×E interactions galling insects nutrient fertilization

Electro-acupuncture to prevent prolonged postoperative ileus:A randomized clinical trial

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第1期16卷 104-111页

作者： m Kay Garcia Joseph S Chiang Bob Thornton J Lynn Palmer jennifer mcQuade Lorenzo Cohen Department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine/Integrative medicine M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of Anesthesiology and Pain medicine M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of Palliative Care and Rehabilitation medicine M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of Behavioral Science M.D.Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas Department of GI medical Oncology M.D. Anderson Cancer CenterThe University of Texas

AIm:To examine whether acupuncture can prevent prolonged postoperative ileus(PPOI)after intraperitoneal surgery for colon cancer. mETHODS:Ninety patients were recruited from the Fudan University Cancer Hospital,Shanghai,China. After surgery,patients were randomized to receive acupuncture(once daily,starting on postoperative day 1, for up to six consecutive days)or usual *** was defined as an inability to pass flatus or have a bowel movement by 96 h after *** main outcomes were time to first flatus,time to first bowel movement, and *** outcomes were quality of life(QOL)measures,including pain, nausea,insomnia,abdominal distension/fullness,and sense of well-being. RESULTS:No significant differences in PPOI on day 4 (P=0.71)or QOL measures were found between the *** were also no group differences when the data were analyzed by examining those whose PPOI had resolved by day 5(P=0.69)or day 6(P= 0.88).No adverse events related to acupuncture were reported. CONCLUSION:Acupuncture did not prevent PPOI andwas not useful for treating PPOI once it had developed in this population.

关键词： Acupuncture Gastrointestinal motility Gastrointestinal disorders Gastrointestinal neoplasms

Chaperone proteins as ameliorators of α-synuclein-induced synaptic pathologies: insights into Parkinson’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1198-1199页

作者： Susan m.L.Banks Audrey T.medeiros Rui Sousa Eileen m.Lafer jennifer R.morgan Department of Biology Florida Southern CollegeLakelandFLUSA Neuroscience Graduate Program Brown UniversityProvidenceRIUSA Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology and Center for Biomedical Neuroscience The University of Texas Health Science Center at San AntonioSan AntonioTXUSA The Eugene Bell Center for Regenerative Biology&Tissue Engineering Marine Biological LaboratoryWoods HoleMAUSA

α-Synuclein accumulation causes synaptic vesicle trafficking defects and may underlie neurodegenerative disorders:Neurodegenerative disorders,such as Parkinson’s disease(PD)and other synucleinopathies,impact the lives of millions of patients and their *** include PD,dementia with Lewy Bodies(DLB),multiple system atrophy,and several Alzheimer’s Disease *** are clinically characterized by intracellular inclusions called Lewy Bodies,which are rich in atypical aggregates of the protein α-*** dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra are particularly susceptible toα-synuclein-induced aggregation and neurodegeneration,glutamatergic neurons in other brain regions(***)are also frequently affected in PD and other synucleinopathies(Schulz-Schaeffer 2010).

关键词： cortex Alzheimer insight

Repeated video head impulse testing in patients is a stable measure of the passive vestibulo-ocular reflex

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Journal of Otology 2021年第3期16卷 128-137页

作者： m.muntaseer mahfuz jennifer L.millar michael C.Schubert Laboratory of Vestibular NeuroAdaptation Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck SurgeryJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21205USA Department of Physical medicine and Rehabilitation Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMD21205USA

Objectives The video head impulse test(vHIT)is used as a measure of compensation yet it’s stability in patients with vestibular pathology is *** 144 patients(n=72 female,mean 54.46±15.8 years)were grouped into one of three primary diagnoses(Peripheral,Central,or mixed).Subjects were further categorized based on sex(male versus female),ear(left versus right;ipsilesional versus contralesional),age(six groups ranging from 19 to 84 years),and duration between visits(five groups,mean 191.46±SE 29.42 days,median 55.5 days).The gain of the VOR during passive head rotation was measured for each semicircular canal(horizontal,anterior,posterior).Results There was no difference in the VOR gain within any semicircular canal between the two visits(horizontal:p=0.179;anterior:p=0.628;posterior:p=0.613).However,the VOR gain from the horizontal canals was higher than the vertical canals for each visit(pmicircular canal gains at each *** was no difference in VOR gain between sex(p=0.215)or age groupings(p=0.331).Test-retest reliability of vHIT in patient subjects is good(ICC=0.801)and the VOR gain values across two separate visits were significant and positively correlated(r=0.67)regardless of sex,ear,age,or duration between *** The vHIT is a stable measure of VOR gain over two different times across a variety of vestibular patients with no influence of age or sex.

关键词： Video head impulse Vestibulo-ocular reflex Gain Peripheral vestibular hypofunction

Cardiac-specific knockout of ET_(A)receptor mitigates low ambient temperature-induced cardiac hypertrophy and contractile dysfunction

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分子细胞生物学报:英文版 2012年第2期4卷 97-107页

作者： Yingmei Zhang Linlin Li Yinan Hua jennifer m.Nunn Feng Dong masashi Yanagisawa Jun Ren Department of Cardiology Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative medicine University of WyomingLaramieWY 82071USA Department of Pharmacology Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiang 830011P.R.China Howard Hughes medical Institute University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTX 75390USA

Cold exposure is associated with oxidative stress and cardiac *** endothelin(ET)system,which plays a key role in myocardial homeostasis,may participate in cold exposure-induced cardiovascular *** study was designed to examine the role of ET-1 in cold stress-induced cardiac geometric and contractile ***-type(WT)and ETA receptor knockout(ETAKO)mice were assigned to normal or cold exposure(48C)environment for 2 and 5 weeks prior to evaluation of cardiac geometry,contractile,and intracellular Ca21 *** of the temperature sensor transient receptor potential vanilloid(TRPV1),mitochondrial proteins for biogenesis and oxidative phosphorylation,including UCP2,HSP90,and PGC1a were *** stress triggered cardiac hypertrophy,depressed myocardial contractile capacity,including fractional shortening,peak shortening,and maximal velocity of shortening/relengthening,reduced intracellular Ca21 release,prolonged intracellular Ca21 decay and relengthening duration,generation of ROS and superoxide,as well as apoptosis,the effects of which were blunted by *** blotting revealed downregulated TRPV1 and PGC1a as well as upregulated UCP2 and activation of GSK3b,GATA4,and CREB in cold-stressed WT mouse hearts,which were obliterated by *** of HSP90,an essential regulator for thermotolerance,were *** TRPV1 agonist SA13353 attenuated whereas TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine mimicked cold stress-or ET-1-induced cardiac *** GSK3b inhibitor SB216763 ablated cold stress-induced cardiac contractile(but not remodeling)changes and ET-1-induced TRPV1 *** data suggest that ETAKO protects against cold exposure-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction mediated through TRPV1 and mitochondrial function.

关键词： low ambient temperature myocardial function ET_(A)receptor TRPV1 mitochondria

memory of conspecifics in male salamanders Plethodon cinereus： Implications for territorial defense

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Current Zoology 2013年第3期59卷 326-334页

作者： Nancy R. KOHN jennifer m. DEITLOFF Schuyler F. DARTEZ michelle m.WILCOX Robert G. JAEGER Department of Biology University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette LA 70504 USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Organismal Biology Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA 110 Insectary Pammel Drive Iowa State University Ames IA 50011 USA. The Louisiana Department ofWildlife and Fisheries White Lake Wetlands Conservation Area Gueydan LA 70542 USA. 100 Simon Latour Road Carencro LA 70520 USA

We investigated how exposure duration （time that two individuals initially interact） and separation interval （time be- tween the initial interaction and a subsequent interaction） affect recognition memory of conspecifics in male red-backed sala- manders Plethodon cinereus. Previous studies have demonstrated that this species aggressively defends territories. We recorded aggressive behavior to assess recognition memory, because aggression is more intense toward previously unencountered indi- viduals compared to previously encountered individuals in this species. We found that with 15-min exposures and 5-day separa- tion intervals, focal males did not spend significantly more time threatening ＇unfamiliar＇ intruders than ＇familiar＇ intruders. After either 8-hour exposures and 5-day separation intervals and 5-day exposures and 5-day separation intervals, focal males spent sig- nificantly more time threatening unfamiliar intruders than familiar intruders. These results suggest that male red-backed salaman- ders can remember familiar conspecifics （e.g., territorial neighbors） after at least an 8-hour exposure duration and that memory persists at least as long as 5 days. After 5-day exposure and 15-day separation intervals, we found no significant difference in ag- gressive behavior toward familiar and unfamiliar intruders. Long separation intervals （15 days） may lead either to loss of memory of previously familiar individuals or, alternatively, aggressive reassessment of individuals as only a change in behavior indicates positively that memory has occurred. Thus, variance in territorial defense within an individual may depend on its ability to recog- nize conspecific males .

关键词： Individual recognition memory Plethodon cinereus Red-backed salamanders Territoriality