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“If Somebody Needed Help, I Went Over”: Social Capital and Therapeutic Communities of Older Adult Farmers in British Columbia Floods

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2024年第2期15卷 290-301页

作者： Kyle Breen Siyu Ru Luna Vandeweghe jenna Chiu Lindsay Heyland Haorui Wu School of Social Work Dalhousie UniversityHalifaxNS B3H 1S2Canada

Older adults in disaster contexts are often thought of as a passive, vulnerable population that lacks agency and capacities to cope in the aftermath. However, it can be argued that older adults may have underrecognized strengths that can be utilized pre-, peri-, and post-disaster. One of these strengths is older adults' unique social capital that stems from long-standing connections with other members of their respective communities. Using data from in-depth, semistructured interviews with farmers in British Columbia 3–11 months after the 2021 floods, this research explored the experiences of older adult farmers' recovery. The farmers discussed how they leveraged their social capital to aid in their recovery efforts from the flood event. By using their bonding social capital, older adult farmers transformed their existing, deep-rooted connections into post-disaster assistance. This, in turn, generated the idea of the therapeutic community, helping community members cope in the aftermath. This research indicated the need to further examine how older adults in disaster settings can be viewed as assets with community knowledge and skills as opposed to solely as a vulnerable population.

关键词： British Columbia Flood disaster Older adults Qualitative research Social capital Therapeutic community

Silent Book Club--What a novel idea!

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第9期 20-21,44页

作者： jenna Ross 不详

Two dozen people gathered in the back of Cream&Amber,a caféand bookstore in Hopkins,Minnesota,chatting and laughing with the people sitting beside ***,1o minutes in,the room fell quiet,and people opened their books:p... 详细信息

关键词： store Hopkins minutes

Black Garlic as an Antiviral for Herpes Simplex Virus-2 in Lung Cells

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2024年第1期15卷 70-89页

作者： jenna R. Horowitz Lee H. Lee Sandra D. Adams Department of Biology Montclair State University Montclair NJ USA

Allicin, an antioxidant, is known for providing garlic with its unique fragrance and taste, as well as for its antimicrobial properties. Black garlic, a fermented form of garlic, contains higher levels of antioxidants than fresh garlic. Antioxidants play a vital role in alleviating cellular stress during viral infections. Viral infections result in oxidative stress through the production of reactive oxidative species (ROS). A prolonged state of oxidative stress can result in cell death, DNA damage, and disease progression. In this study, black garlic extract (BGE) is evaluated for its ability to mitigate cytopathic effects and oxidative stress caused by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2) infections in vitro. Antiviral assays were performed to determine the percent of viral inhibition resulting from treatment with the BGE. ROS-GloTM H2O2 assays were then completed to measure the post-infection ROS levels of BGE-treated virus and cells. The results thus far suggest that BGE may inhibit viral infection and decrease levels of oxidative stress.

关键词： Black Garlic Herpes Simplex Virus-2 Antioxidant Antiviral Allicin

Effects of green roof damping and configuration on structural seismic response

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2023年第8期17卷 1133-1144页

作者： Jenika McCLAY jenna WONG School of Engineering San Francisco State UniversitySan FranciscoCA 94132USA

Sustainable structures are critical for addressing global climate ***,their structural resilience or ability to recover from natural events must be considered *** roofs are a widely used sustainable feature that improve the environment while providing excellent occupant *** expand their usage,their inherent damping and layout sensitivity to seismic performance are investigated in this *** soil of a green roof can serve as a damper to dissipate the energy generated by earthquakes or other dynamic *** of preliminary analysis show that a green roof soil can increase localized damping by 2.5%under both dry and saturated *** on these findings,nonlinear time-history analyses are conducted on a three-story building in SAP2000 to monitor the structural behavior with and without a green *** increased damping in the green roof soil is beneficial to the structural performance,i.e.,it reduces the building displacement and acceleration by 10%and 12%,***,certain configurations are more effective and beneficial to the structural response than others,which suggests the possibility of design *** on the findings of this study,new methods of modeling and considering green roofs in structural design are established.

关键词： green infrastructure green roof structural resilience seismic design

Behavioral thermoregulation is highly repeatable and unaffected by digestive status in Agama atra

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第4期13卷 482-493页

作者： jenna Van BERKEL Susana CLUSELLA-TRULLAS Centre for Invasion Biology Department of Botany and ZoologyStellenbosch UniversityMatielandSouth Africa

The precision and the extent of behavioral thermoregulation are likely to provide fitness benefits to *** the factors driving variation in selected or preferred body temperature(T_(set))and its usefulness as a proxy for optimal physiological temperature(Topt)are still *** T_(set)is often conserved among closely related species,substantial variation at the individual,population and species level has also been ***,the repeatability(calculated as the intra-class correlation coefficient)of T_(set)is generally *** factor that influences T_(set)is feeding status,with fed reptiles typically showing higher T_(set),a process thought to aid meal ***,using experiments simulating realistic feeding and fasting regimes in Agama atra,a heliothermic lizard from southern Africa,we test if T_(set)and its repeatability under these 2 states significantly *** T_(set)ranged from 33.7 to 38.4℃,with a mean(±SE)of 36.7±0.1℃ for fed and 36.6±0.1℃ for unfed *** of repeatability showed that females tend to be more consistent in the selection of body temperature than males,but not significantly so regardless of feeding *** report some of the highest repeatability estimates of T_(set)to date(full range:0.229–0.642),and that the weak positive effects of feeding status on T_(set)did not increase its *** conclusion,one of the major prerequisites for natural selection,consistent among-individual variation,is present,making the adaptive significance of T_(set)considerably more plausible.

关键词： climate change co-adaptation evolutionary potential inter-individual variation specific dynamic action thermal preference

Remittances for Disaster Risk Management: Perspectives from Pacific Island Migrants Living in New Zealand

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第3期9卷 331-343页

作者： jenna Pairama Loc Le Dé Public Health and Psychosocial Studies Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology Emergency and Disaster Management Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences Auckland University of Technology

In many low-income countries, migrant remittances are essential in sustaining people's livelihoods and become even more important during and after ***, policymakers, and practitioners increasingly emphasize the need to better support this people-based mechanism, so disaster risk can be reduced. This suggests the importance of understanding migrants' perspectives on the remittance channels used and the challenges and opportunities of supporting remittances. However, such information is largely missing. Drawing on interviews and a focus group discussion carried out with Pacific Island migrants living in New Zealand, the article identifies the capacity of migrants to utilize different remittance channels and resources to assist those affected in their country of origin. Challenges faced include high transfer fees, lack of information and support from external stakeholders, and limited resources to effectively send both individual and collective remittances. The article concludes that there is a serious need to involve a large array of stakeholders in finding ways to better support remittances for disaster risk management, including migrants, government agencies, the private sector, nongovernmental organizations, and those receiving remittances.

关键词： Disaster risk management Migration New Zealand Pacific Island countries Remittances

Viscoelastic analysis of single-component and composite PEG and alginate hydrogels

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2014年第1期30卷 7-14页

作者： jenna M.Shapiro Michelle L.Oyen Cambridge University Engineering Department CambridgeUK Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutes of Health

Hydrogels, three-dimensional hydrophilic polymer networks, are appealing candidate materials for study- ing the cellular microenvironment as their substantial water content helps to better mimic soft tissue. However, hydrogels can lack mechanical stiffness, strength, and tough- ness. Composite hydrogel systems have been shown to improve upon mechanical properties compared to their single- component counterparts. Poly （ethylene glycol） dimethacrylate （PEGDMA） and alginate are polymers that have been used to form hydrogels for biological applications. Single- component and composite PEGDMA and alginate systems were fabricated with a range of total polymer concentrations. Bulk gels were mechanically characterized using spherical indentation testing and a viscoelastic analysis framework. An increase in shear modulus with increasing polymer con- centration was demonstrated for all systems. Alginate hydro- gels were shown to have a smaller viscoelastic ratio than the PEGDMA gels, indicating more extensive relaxation over time. Composite alginate and PEGDMA hydrogels exhib- ited a combination of the mechanical properties of the con- stituents, as well as a qualitative increase in toughness. Additionally, multiple hydrogel systems were produced that had similar shear moduli, but different viscoelastic behaviors. Accurate measurement of the mechanical properties of hydrogels is necessary in order to determine what parameters are key in modeling the cellular microenvironment.

关键词： Hydrogel Viscoelastic Indentation Nanoin-dentation Composite

Oxidation state specific analysis of arsenic species in tissues of wild-type and arsenic(+3 oxidation state)methyltransferase-knockout mice

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第11期28卷 104-112页

作者： jenna M.Currier Christelle Douillet Zuzana Drobná Miroslav Styblo Curriculum in Toxicology University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Department of Nutrition Gillings School of Global Public Health University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Arsenic methyltransferase（As3mt） catalyzes the conversion of inorganic arsenic（i As） to its methylated metabolites, including toxic methylarsonite（MAs~Ⅲ） and dimethylarsinite（DMAs~Ⅲ）. Knockout（KO） of As3 mt was shown to reduce the capacity to methylate i As in mice. However, no data are available on the oxidation states of As species in tissues of these mice. Here, we compare the oxidation states of As species in tissues of male C57BL/6 As3mt-KO and wild-type（WT） mice exposed to arsenite（iA s~Ⅲ） in drinking water. WT mice were exposed to50 mg/L As and As3mt-KO mice that cannot tolerate 50 mg/L As were exposed to 0, 15, 20, 25 or30 mg/L As. iA s~Ⅲaccounted for 53% to 74% of total As in liver, pancreas, adipose, lung, heart, and kidney of As3mt-KO mice; tri- and pentavalent methylated arsenicals did not exceed 10% of total As. Tissues of WT mice retained iA s and methylated arsenicals： iA s~Ⅲ, MAs~Ⅲand DMAs~Ⅲ represented 55%‐68% of the total As in the liver, pancreas, and brain. High levels of methylated species, particularly MAs~Ⅲ, were found in the intestine of WT, but not As3mt-KO mice,suggesting that intestinal bacteria are not a major source of methylated As. Blood of WT mice contained significantly higher levels of As than blood of As3mt-KO mice. This study is the first to determine oxidation states of As species in tissues of As3mt-KO mice. Results will help to design studies using WT and As3mt-KO mice to examine the role of iA s methylation in adverse effects of iA s exposure.

关键词： Arsenic speciation analysis Hydride generation-cryotrapping-atomic absorption spectrometry Arsenic(+ 3 oxidation state) methyltransferase As3mt knockout mice

Uptake of radioiodide by Paenibacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp.,Burkholderia sp. and Rhodococcus sp. isolated from a boreal nutrient-poor bog

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第6期28卷 26-37页

作者： Merja Lusa Jukka Lehto Hanna Aromaa jenna Knuutinen Malin Bomberg Laboratory of Radiochemistry Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki 00014 Heisinki Finland VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland 02044 Espoo Finland

Radionuclides, like radioiodine（^129I）, may escape deep geological nuclear waste repositories and migrate to the surface ecosystems. In surface ecosystems, microorganisms can affect their movement. Iodide uptake of six bacterial strains belonging to the genera Paenibacillus,Pseudomonas, Burkholderia and Rhodococcus isolated from an acidic boreal nutrient-poor bog was tested. The tests were run in four different growth media at three temperatures. All bacterial strains removed iodide from the solution with the highest efficiency shown by one of the Paenibacillus strains with 〉 99% of iodide removed from the solution in one of the used growth media. Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus and one of the two Paenibacillus strains showed highest iodide uptake in 1% yeast extract with maximum values for the distribution coefficient（Kd） ranging from 90 to 270 L/kg DW. The Burkholderia strain showed highest uptake in 1% Tryptone（maximum Kd170 L/kg DW）. The Paenibacillus strain V0-1-LW showed exceptionally high uptake in 0.5% peptone ＋ 0.25% yeast extract broth（maximum Kd〉 1,000,000 L/kg DW）. Addition of 0.1% glucose to the 0.5% peptone ＋ 0.25% yeast extract broth reduced iodide uptake at 4℃ and 20℃ and enhanced iodide uptake at 37℃ compared to the uptake without glucose. This indicates that the uptake of glucose and iodide may be competing processes in these bacteria. We estimated that in in situ conditions of the bog,the bacterial uptake of iodide accounts for approximately 0.1%–0.3% of the total sorption of iodide in the surface, subsurface peat, gyttja and clay layers.

关键词： Radioiodide Uptake Paenibacillus Pseudomonas Burkholderia Rhodococcus