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Building momentum for sustainable behaviors in developing regions using Locally Managed Decentralized Circular Economy principles

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Chinese j.urnal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第7期27卷 1566-1571页

作者： Chandni j.shi jeffrey Seay Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Kentucky

Despite the current threat from climate change,plastic collecting in the world's oceans,and the steady loss of biodiversity,the world continually fails to take action with regard to our rapidly changing ***,waiting on governments to act is no longer a viable *** change is needed and the pace of diplomacy is simply too *** governments are reactionary and taking action to solve future problems is not a priority,even as the threat of potential ecological catastrophe draws ever *** is in the hands of individuals,and it is our decisions and behaviors that will influence the future of our planet and our ability to inhabit ***,building momentum for sustainable behavior must begin with *** neoliberal approach to environmental protection posits that individuals are motivated by rational self-interest,and that economic incentives are necessary to achieve environmental ***,recent research suggests that monetary gain alone actually negatively impacts behavior,and often neglects the rural *** a result,models for proj.cts designed to benefit the environment need more than j.st a monetary incentive,they must incorporate all three pillars of sustainability:environment,economy and *** approach for building momentum for sustainable behavior with regard to municipal solid waste management,particularly in the developing world,is by implementing Locally Managed Decentralized Circular Economy(LMDCE)*** contribution will describe the role behavioral economics plays in the choices made by producers and *** results of a case study on applying LMDCE principles in Uganda to manage waste plastic accumulation by conversion to fuel oil will be presented.

关键词： Pyrolysis Fuel Pollution Appropriate technology Behavioral economics Municipal solid waste

Cytokines from the pig conceptus:roles in conceptus development in pigs

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j.urnal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2015年第2期6卷 130-141页

作者： Rodney D Geisert Matthew C Lucy jeffrey j.Whyte j.son W Ross Daniel j.Mathew Animal Sciences Research Center University of Missouri Department of Animal Science Iowa State University

Establishment of pregnancy in pigs involves maintaining progesterone secretion from the corpora lutea in addition to regulating a sensitive interplay between the maternal immune system and attachment of the rapidly expanding trophoblast for nutrient absorption. The peri-implantation period of rapid trophoblastic elongation followed by attachment to the maternal uterine endometrium is critical for establishing a sufficient placental-uterine interface for subsequent nutrient transport for fetal survival to term, but is also marked by the required conceptus release of factors involved with stimulating uterine secretion of histotroph and modulation of the maternal immune system. Many endometrial genes activated by the conceptus secretory factors stimulate a tightly controlled proinflammatory response within the uterus. A number of the cytokines released by the elongating conceptuses stimulate inducible transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B （NFKB） potentially regulating the maternal uterine proinflammatory and immune response. This review will establish the current knowledge for the role of conceptus cytokine production and release in early development and establishment of pregnancy in the pig.

关键词： Cytokines Embryo development Porcine conceptus Pregnancy Prostaglandins uterus

Code modernization and modularization of APEX and SWAT watershed simulation models

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International j.urnal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 81-94页

作者： Robin A.j.Taylor j.ehak j.ong Michael White jeffrey G.Arnold Blackland Research&Extension Center Texas A&M AgriLife ResearchTempleTexas 76502USA Grassland Soil&Water Research Laboratory USDA-ARS TempleTexas 76502USA

SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)and APEX(Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender)are respectively large and small watershed simulation models derived from EPIC(Environmental Policy Integrated Climate),a field-scale agroecology simulation *** three models are coded in Fortran and have evolved over several *** are widely used to analyze anthropogenic influences on soil and water quality and *** of the original Fortran code has been retained even though Fortran has been through several cycles of *** now provides functionality originally restricted to languages like C,designed to communicate directly with the operating system and *** can now use an obj.ct-oriented style of programming in Fortran,including inheritance,run-time polymorphism and *** order to enhance their utility in research and policy-making,the models are undergoing a maj.r revision to use some of the new Fortran *** these new programming paradigms the developers of SWAT,APEX,and EPIC are working to make communication between the two models *** paper describes the ongoing revision of these models that will make them easier to use,maintain,modify and *** is intended that they will converge as they continue to evolution,while maintaining their distinctive features,capabilities and identities.

关键词： code modernization modularization obj.ct-oriented programming Fortran 2008 landscape-scale models APEX EPIC SWAT

A survey of FLS2 genes from multiple citrus species identifies candidates for enhancing disease resistance to Xanthomonas citri ssp. citri.

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Horticulture Research 2016年第1期3卷 208-218页

作者： Qingchun Shi Vicente j.Febres jeffrey B j.nes Gloria A Moore Horticultural Sciences Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA Plant Pathology Department University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32611USA

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)-triggered immunity(PTI)is an important component of plant innate *** a previous study,we showed that the PAMP flg22 from Xanthomonas citri ***(Xflg22),the causal agent of citrus canker,induced PTI in citrus,which correlated with the observed levels of canker ***,we identified and sequenced two bacterial flagellin/flg22 receptors(FLS2-1 and FLS2-2)from‘Duncan’grapefruit(Citrus paradisi,CpFLS2-1 and CpFLS2-2)and‘Sun Chu Sha’mandarin(***,CrFLS2-1 and CrFLS2-2).We were able to isolate only one FLS2 from‘Nagami’kumquat(Fortunella margarita,FmFLS2-1)and gene flanking sequences suggest a rearrangement event that resulted in the deletion of FLS2-2 from the *** analysis,gene structure and presence of critical amino acid domains all indicate we identified the true FLS2 genes in ***2-2 was more transcriptionally responsive to Xflg22 than FLS2-1,with induced expression levels higher in canker-resistant citrus than in susceptible ***,‘Nagami’kumquat showed the highest FLS2-1 steady-state expression levels,although it was not induced by *** selected FmFLS2-1,CrFLS2-2 and CpFLS2-2 to further evaluate their capacity to enhance bacterial resistance using Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression *** FmFLS2-1 and CrFLS2-2,the two proteins from canker-resistant species,conferred stronger Xflg22 responses and reduced canker symptoms in leaves of the susceptible grapefruit *** two citrus genes will be useful resources to enhance PTI and achieve resistance against canker and possibly other bacterial pathogens in susceptible citrus types.

关键词： FLS2 citrus citri

The Chapman-Richards Distribution and its Relationship to the Generalized Beta

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Forest Ecosystems 2019年第3期6卷 219-235页

作者： jeffrey H.Gove Thomas B.Lynch Mark j.Ducey USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station271 Mast Road Durham 03824NHUSA Professor Emeritus Department of Natural Resource Ecology and ManagementOklahoma State UniversityAg Hall Room 008CStillwater 74078OKUSA Department of Natural Resources and the Environment University of New Hampshire114 James Hall Durham 03824NHUSA

Background: The Chapman-Richards distribution is developed as a special case of the equilibrium solution to the McKendrick-Von Foerster equation. The Chapman-Richards distribution incorporates the vital rate assumptions of the Chapman-Richards growth function, constant mortality and recruitment into the mathematical form of the distribution. Therefore, unlike 'assumed' distribution models, it is intrinsically linked with the underlying vital rates for the forest area under consideration. Methods: It is shown that the Chapman-Richards distribution can be recast as a subset of the generalized beta distribution of the first kind, a rich family of assumed probability distribution models with known properties. These known properties for the generalized beta are then immediately available for the Chapman-Richards distribution, such as the form of the compatible basal area-size distribution. A simple two-stage procedure is proposed for the estimation of the model parameters and simulation experiments are conducted to validate the procedure for four different possible distribution shapes. Results: The simulations explore the efficacy of the two-stage estimation procedure;these cover the estimation of the growth equation and mortality-recruitment derives from the equilibrium assumption. The parameter estimates are shown to depend on both the sample size and the amount of noise imparted to the synthetic measurements. The results vary somewhat by distribution shape, with the smaller, noisier samples providing less reliable estimates of the vital rates and final distribution forms. Conclusions: The Chapman-Richards distribution in its original form, or recast as a generalized beta form, presents a potentially useful model integrating vital rates and stand diameters into a flexible family of resultant distributions shapes. The data requirements are modest, and parameter estimation is straightforward provided the minimal recommended sample sizes are obtained.

关键词： Diameter distributions Chapman-Richards growth Generalized beta distribution of the first kind Maximum likelihood McKendrick-Von Foerster equation Physiologically structured population model Size-structured distributions

Dynamic earth ::an introduction to physical geology / 5th ed. /

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Clinical and scientific impact of human papillomavirus on head and neck cancer

2004年

作者： Brian j. Skinner Stephen C. Porter jeffrey Park.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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World j.urnal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第4期5卷 781-791页

作者： jeffrey M Friedman Mark j.Stavas Anthony j.Cmelak Department of Radiation Oncology Vanderbilt University Medical Center NashvilleTN 37232 United States

Head and neck cancer(HNC) arises from the skull base to the clavicles and is the fifth most common cancer in the world by incidence. Historically, in the developed world HNC was associated with tobacco use and alcohol consumption, and the combination of the two produced a synergistic increase in risk. However, beginning in 1983, investigators have found a significant and growing proportion of HNC patients with human papillomavirus-positive(HPV) tumors who neither drank nor used tobacco. Since that time, there has been increased interest in the molecular biology of HPV-positive HNC. Multiple studies now show that HPV has shifted the epidemiological landscape and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC). These studies provide strong evidence for improved survival outcomes in patients with HPV-positive HNSCC compared to those with HPV-negative HNSCC. In many reports, HPV status is the strongest predictor of locoregional control, disease specific survival and overall survival. In response to these findings, there has been significant interest in the best management of HPV-positive disease. Discussions within maj.r cooperative groups consider new trials designed to maintain the current strong survival outcomes while reducing the long-term treatment-re-lated toxicities. This review will highlight the epidemiological, clinical and molecular discoveries surrounding HPV-related HNSCC over the recent decades and we conclude by suggesting how these findings may guide future treatment approaches.

关键词： Human papilloma virus Head and neck cancer Squamous cell carcinoma Chemotherapy Radiation Molecular biology

Stable isotope paleohydrology and chemostratigraphy of the Albian Wayan Formation from the wedge-top depozone,North American Western Interior Basin

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Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第1期60卷 44-57页

作者： jeffrey B.ROSS Greg A.LUDVIGSON Andreas MOLLER Luis A.GONZALEZ j.D.WALKER Department of Geology University of Kansas Kansas Geological Survey University of Kansas

Understanding of the role of atmospheric moisture and heat transport in the climate system of the Cretaceous greenhouse world represents a maj.r challenge in Earth system science. Stable isotopic paleohydrologic data from mid-Cretaceous paleosols in North America, from paleoequatorial to paleoArctic latitudes, have been used to constrain the oxygen isotope mass balance of the Albian hydrologic cycle. Over the range from 40°-50°N paleolatitude, sideritic paleosols predominate, indicating paleoenvironments with positive precipitation-evaporation （P-E） balances. Local exceptions occur on leeward side of the Sevier Orogen, where calcic paleosols in the wedge-top depozone record paleoenvironments with negative P-E balances in the orographic rain shadow. Stratigraphic sections in the Wayan Formation of Idaho （WF） were sampled from the wedge-top depozone. The units consist of stacked m-scale mudstone paleosols separated by m-scale sandstone-siltstone beds. Sections were sampled for organic carbon isotope profiles, and B-horizons from 6 well-developed paleosols were sampled for detrital zircons to determine maximum depositional ages. The first of these from the WF has produced a U-Pb concordia age of 101.0±1.1 Ma. This same WF section has produced a stratigraphic trend of upwardly decreasing δ18C values ranging from -24‰ upwards to -27‰ VPDB, suggesting correlation to the late Albian C15 C-isotope segment. Pedogenic carbonates from the WF principally consist of micritic calcite, with carbon-oxygen isotope values that array along meteoric calcite lines （MCLs） with δ18O values that range from -9.47‰ up to -8.39‰ VPDB. At approximately 42°N paleolatitude, these MCL values produce calculated paleoprecipitation values of-8.12‰ to -7.04‰ VSMOW, a range that is consistent with the estimates produced from other proxies at the same paleolatitudes across North America. These results indicate that despite the orographic rain shadow effect, the processes of meridional atmospheric moist

关键词： Cretaceous Paleoclimate Wayan Formation Pedogenic carbonates Geochronology

Nano-enhanced solid-state hydrogen storage:Balancing discovery and pragmatism for future energy solutions

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8729-8753页

作者： Chaochao Dun Xinyi Wang Linfeng Chen Sichi Li Hanna M.Breunig jeffrey j.Urban The Molecular Foundry Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyBerkeleyCA 94720USA Energy Analysis and Environmental Impacts Division Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA 94550USA

Nanomaterials have revolutionized the battery industry by enhancing energy storage capacities and charging speeds,and their application in hydrogen(H_(2))storage likewise holds strong potential,though with distinct challenges and mechanisms.H_(2) is a crucial future zero-carbon energy vector given its high gravimetric energy density,which far exceeds that of liquid ***,its low volumetric energy density in gaseous form currently requires storage under high pressure or at low *** review critically examines the current and prospective landscapes of solid-state H_(2) storage technologies,with a focus on pragmatic integration of advanced materials such as metal-organic frameworks(MOFs),magnesium-based hybrids,and novel sorbents into future energy *** materials,enhanced by nanotechnology,could significantly improve the efficiency and capacity of H_(2) storage systems by optimizing H_(2) adsorption at the nanoscale and improving the kinetics of H_(2) uptake and *** discuss various H_(2) storage mechanisms—physisorption,chemisorption,and the Kubas interaction—analyzing their impact on the energy efficiency and scalability of storage *** review also addresses the potential of“smart MOFs”,single-atom catalyst-doped metal hydrides,MXenes and entropy-driven alloys to enhance the performance and broaden the application range of H_(2) storage systems,stressing the need for innovative materials and system integration to satisfy future energy ***-throughput screening,combined with machine learning algorithms,is noted as a promising approach to identify patterns and predict the behavior of novel materials under various conditions,significantly reducing the time and cost associated with experimental *** closing,we discuss the increasing involvement of various companies in solid-state H_(2) storage,particularly in prototype vehicles,from a techno-economic *** forward-looking perspective underscores t

关键词： nanomaterials nanotechnology solid-state H_(2)storage techno-economic analysis model-driven material development processes