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Expression of androgen receptor target genes in skeletal muscle

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第5期16卷 675-683,I0006页

作者： Kesha Rana Nicole KL Lee jeffrey D Zajac Helen E MacLean Department of Medicine Austin Health University of Melbourne Heidelberg Victoria Australia

We aimed to determine the mechanisms of the anabolic actions of androgens in skeletal muscle by investigating potential androgen receptor （AR）-regulated genes in in vitro and in vivo models. The expression of the myogenic regulatory factor myogenin was significantly decreased in skeletal muscle from testosterone-treated orchidectomized male mice compared to control orchidectomized males, and was increased in muscle from male AR knockout mice that lacked DNA binding activity （AR△ZF2） versus wildtype mice, demonstrating that myogenin is repressed by the androgen/AR pathway. The ubiquitin ligase Fbxo32 was repressed by 12 h dihydrotestosterone treatment in human skeletal muscle cell myoblasts, and c-Myc expression was decreased in testosterone-treated orchidectomized male muscle compared to control orchidectomized male muscle, and increased in AR△ZF2 muscle. The expression of a group of genes that regulate the transition from myoblast proliferation to differentiation, Tceal7, p57Kip2, IEf2 and calcineurin Aa, was increased in AR△ZF2 muscle, and the expression of all but p57kip2 was also decreased in testosterone-treated orchidectomized male muscle compared to control orchidectomized male muscle. We conclude that in males, androgens act via the AR in part to promote peak muscle mass by maintaining myoblasts in the proliferative state and delaying the transition to differentiation during muscle growth and development, and by suppressing ubiquitin ligase-mediated atrophy pathways to preserve muscle mass in adult muscle.

关键词： androgen receptor anabolic atrophy gene expression skeletal muscle

An Improved EZW Hyperspectral Image compression

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Journal of computer and communications 2014年第2期2卷 31-36页

作者： Kai-Jen cheng jeffrey c. Dill School of Electrical Engineering and computer Science Ohio University Athens USA.

The paper describes an efficient lossy and lossless three dimensional (3D) image compression of hyperspectral images. The method adopts the 3D spatial-spectral hybrid transform and the proposed transform-based coder. The hybrid transforms are that Karhunen-Loève Transform (KLT) which decorrelates spectral data of a hyperspectral image, and the integer Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) which is applied to the spatial data and produces decorrelated wavelet coefficients. Our simpler transform-based coder is inspired by Shapiro’s EZW algorithm, but encodes residual values and only implements dominant pass incorporating six symbols. The proposed method will be examined on AVIRIS images and evaluated using compression ratio for both lossless and lossy compression, and signal to noise ratio (SNR) for lossy compression. Experimental results show that the proposed image compression not only is more efficient but also has better compression ratio.

关键词： Wavelet Transform Karhunen-Loève Transform Transform-based Image compression AVIRIS Hyperspectral Image Embedded Zerotree Wavelet

Amplitude-mode spectroscopy of chemically injected and photogenerated charge carriers in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 5619-5625页

作者： Shai R。Vardeny Alan Phillips Kira A。Thurman ZValy Vardeny jeffrey L.Blackburn Division of Electrical Electronicand Infocommunications EngineeringOsaka University2-1 Yamada-okaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan Materials Chemistryand Computation Science DirectorateNational Renewable Energy LaboratoryGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Physics Colorado School of MinesGoldenCO 80401USA Department of Physics&Astronomy University of UtahSalt Lake CityUT 84112USA

In one-dimensional semiconductors such as conjugated polymers and semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes(s-SWcNTs),injected charge carriers(electrons or holes)can have profound impacts on both electronic conductivity and optical spectra,even at low carrier *** charge-related spectral features is a key fundamental challenge with important technological ***,we employ a systematic suite of experimental and theoretical tools to understand the mid-infrared charge signatures of heavily p-type doped polymer-wrapped *** a broad range of nanotube diameters,we find that hole charge carriers induce strong Fano anti-resonances in mid-infrared transmission spectra that correspond to defect-related(D-band)and in-plane tangential(G-band)Raman-active vibrational modes,along with antiresonances arising from infrared(IR)-active polymer and SWcNT *** employ^(13)c isotope-labeled s-SWcNTs and a removable wrapping polymer to clarify the relative intensities,energies,and sources of all observed *** performed with the“amplitude mode model”are used to quantitatively reproduce Raman spectra and also help to explain the outsized intensity of the D-band anti-resonance,relative to the G-band,observed for both moderately and degenerately doped *** results provide a framework for future studies of ground-and excited-state charge carriers in s-SWcNTs and a variety of low-dimensional materials.

关键词： carbon nanotubes doping charge carriers phonons electron-phonon coupling

circulating tumor cells in head and neck cancer:A review

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2016年第2期2卷 -页

作者： Kyle P. McMullen jeffrey J. chalmers Jas c. Lang Pawan Kumar Kris R. Jatana Department of 0tolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Wexner Medical Center at 0hio State University Columbus 0H USA William G. Lowrie Department of chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 0hio State University Columbus 0H USA

carcinoma of the head and neck represents 3.5%of all cancers, and the vast major-ity of these tumors are squamous cell carcinoma (HNScc). With a stable overall survival rate of 50%among all stages, there is continued interested in developing measures for early detection and disease aggressiveness. circulating tumor cells (cTcs) have been identified as a potential marker for early metastatic disease, response to treatment, and surveillance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this article, techniques of cTc detection, applications of cTc technology, and outcomes of HNScc patients will be discussed. copyright a 2016 chinese Medical Association. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi communications co., Ltd. This is an open access article under the cc BY-Nc-ND license (http://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

关键词： circulating tumor cell Metastasis Head and neck cancer Squamous cell

Developmental and Feedforward control of the Expression of Folate Biosynthesis Genes in Tomato Fruit

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Molecular Plant 2010年第1期3卷 66-77页

作者： jeffrey c. Wallera Tariq A. Akhtar Aurora Lara-Nunez Jesse F. Gregory lli Ryan R McQuinn James J. Giovannoni Andrew D. Hanson Horticultural Sciences Department University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Food Science and Human Nutrition Department University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service and Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research Ithaca NY 14853 USA

Little is known about how plants regulate their folate content, including whether the expression of folate biosynthesis genes is orchestrated during development or modulated by folate levels. Nor is much known about how folate levels impact the expression of other genes. These points were addressed using wild-type tomato fruit and fruit engineered for high folate content. In wild-type fruit, the expression of genes specifying early steps in folate biosynthesis declined during development but that of other genes did not. In engineered fruit overexpressing foreign GTP cyclohy- drolase I and aminodeoxychorismate synthase genes, the expression of the respective endogenous genes did not change, but that of three downstream pathway genes--aminodeoxychorismate lyase, dihydroneopterin aldolase, and mitochondrial folylpolyglutamate synthase--respectively increased by up to 7.8-, 2.8-, and 1.7-fold, apparently in response to the build-up of specific folate pathway metabolites. These results indicate that, in fruit, certain folate pathway genes are developmentally regulated and that certain others are subject to feedforward control by pathway intermediates. Micro- array analysis showed that only 14 other transcripts （of 11 000 surveyed） increased in abundance by two-fold or more in high-folate fruit, demonstrating that the induction of folate pathway genes is relatively specific.

关键词： Folate biosynthesis fruit development metabolic engineering transcript profiling.

Hydrogen auto-transfer under aerobic oxidative conditions: Efficient synthesis of saturated ketones by aerobic c-c cross-coupling of primary and secondary alcohols catalyzed by a Au_6Pd/resin catalyst

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chinese Journal of catalysis 2016年第10期37卷 1764-1770页

作者：周茂祥张磊磊 jeffrey T. MILLER 杨小峰刘晓艳王爱琴张涛中国科学院大连化学物理研究所催化基础国家重点实验室辽宁大连116023 中国科学院大学北京100049 美国阿贡国家实验室美国阿贡IL60439

Au and Au-containing bimetallic nanoparticles are promising catalysts for the green synthesis of fine chemicals. Here, we used a Au6Pd/resin catalyst for the aerobic c-c cross-coupling of primary and secondary alcohols to produce higher ketones under mild conditions. This is of importance to the construction of a c-c bond. Various substrates were used in the reaction system, and moderate to good yields were obtained. The catalysts can be reused at least five times without decrease of yield. The control experiment and XAFS characterization results showed that hydrogen au- to-transfer occurred on metallic Pd sites even under oxidative conditions. On alloying with Au, the Pd sites became resistant to oxidation and readily abstracted the β-H of the alcohols and transferred the hydride to the c=c bond in the reaction intermediate to give the saturated product.

关键词： Au-Pd alloysc-c coupling reactionOxidation of alcoholsHydrogen auto-transferOxidation-resistant

Microstructure refinement in biodegradable Zn-cu-ca alloy for enhanced mechanical properties,degradation homogeneity,and strength retention in simulated physiological condition

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第30期125卷 1-14页

作者： Nan Yang Nagasivamuni Balasubramani jeffrey Venezuela Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann Rachel Allavena Sharifah Almathami Matthew Dargusch Queensland centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM)School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandAdvanced Engineering BuildingBld 49Staff House Rd.St LuciaQLD 4072Australia School of Veterinary Science The University of QueenslandGattonQLD 4343Australia School of chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of QueenslandQLD 4072Australia

Zn-1.0cu-0.5ca(TA15)alloy has shown promising characteristics of enhanced mechanical properties and biodegradability for absorbable cardiovascular stents,endovascular devices,and wound closure devices *** this study,the TA15 alloy for bioabsorbable biomedical applications is *** the conventionally cast TA15(TA15-c)alloy,caZn_(13) phase are present as a large dendritic network with an average size of 73.25±112.84μm,Hot rolling of the TA15-c alloy has broken the long and dendritic network of the caZn_(13) phases,however,the refined phases are observed as segregations and the distribution is *** segregated caZn_(13) suffered heavy localised corrosion which lead to poor mechanical properties in the as-fabricated condition and after *** treatment(UST)during casting is identified as an effective technique for the refinement and redistribution of caZn_(13) particles in TA15 alloy,which successfully reduce the size of the caZn_(13) phase to 10.91±4.65μm in the as-solidified *** hot rolling,the UST processed TA15(TA15-UST)shows improved mechanical properties due to grain refinement and the reduction in microstructural defects,*** broken caZn_(13) *** of 8-week immersion corrosion tests showed that both alloys possess very similar corrosion ***,TA15-UST has markedly improved corrosion homogeneity compared to TA15-N which favours the retention of mechanical properties even after prolonged exposure to physiological fluids.

关键词： Biodegradable Zn alloy Peritectic phase refinement In vitro corrosion Mechanical property retention cytocompatibility

code modernization and modularization of APEX and SWAT watershed simulation models

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2015年第3期8卷 81-94页

作者： Robin A.J.Taylor Jaehak Jeong Michael White jeffrey G.Arnold Blackland Research&Extension center Texas A&M AgriLife ResearchTempleTexas 76502USA Grassland Soil&Water Research Laboratory USDA-ARS TempleTexas 76502USA

SWAT(Soil and Water Assessment Tool)and APEX(Agricultural Policy/Environmental eXtender)are respectively large and small watershed simulation models derived from EPIc(Environmental Policy Integrated climate),a field-scale agroecology simulation *** three models are coded in Fortran and have evolved over several *** are widely used to analyze anthropogenic influences on soil and water quality and *** of the original Fortran code has been retained even though Fortran has been through several cycles of *** now provides functionality originally restricted to languages like c,designed to communicate directly with the operating system and *** can now use an object-oriented style of programming in Fortran,including inheritance,run-time polymorphism and *** order to enhance their utility in research and policy-making,the models are undergoing a major revision to use some of the new Fortran *** these new programming paradigms the developers of SWAT,APEX,and EPIc are working to make communication between the two models *** paper describes the ongoing revision of these models that will make them easier to use,maintain,modify and *** is intended that they will converge as they continue to evolution,while maintaining their distinctive features,capabilities and identities.

关键词： code modernization modularization object-oriented programming Fortran 2008 landscape-scale models APEX EPIc SWAT

changes in skin levels of two neutotrophins (glial cell line derived neurotrohic factor and neurotrophin-3) cause alterations in cutaneous neuron responses to mechanical stimuli

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生理学报 2008年第5期60卷 584-596页

作者： jeffrey Lawson Sabrina L. Mcllwrath H. Richard Koerber Department of Neurobiology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA

Neurotrophins are important for the development and maintenance of both high and low threshold mechanoreceptors(HTMRs and LTMRs).In this series of studies,the effects of constitutive overexpression of two different neurotrophins,neurotrophin-3(NT-3) and glial cell line derived neurotrohic factor(GDNF),were *** studies indicated that both of them may be implicated in the normal development of mouse dorsal root ganglion(DRG) *** from mice transgenically altered to overexpress NT-3 or GDNF(NT-3-OE or GDNF-OE mice) in the skin were examined using several physiological,immunohistochemi-cal and molecular *** vivo skin/nerve/DRG/spinal cord and skin/nerve preparations were used to determine the response characteristics of the cutaneous neurons;immunohistochemistry was used to examine the biochemical phenotype of DRG cells and the skin;RT-PcR was used to examine the levels of candidate ion channels in skin and DRG that may correlate with changes in physiological *** GDNF-OE mice,I-isolectin B4(IB4)-immunopositive c-HTMRs(nociceptors),a large percentage of which are sensitive to GDNF,had significantly lower mechanical thresholds than wildtype(WT) *** thresholds for the same cells were not *** sensitivity changes in GDNF-OE mice were correlated with significant increases in acid sensing ion channels 2a(ASIc2a) and 2b(ASIc2b) and transient receptor potential channel A1(TRPA1),all of which are putative mechanosensitive ion *** of NT-3 affected the responses of A-LTMRs and A-HTMRs,but had no effect on *** adapting type 1(SA1) LTMRs and A-HTMRs had increased mechanical sensitivity compared to *** sensitivity was correlated with significant increases in acid-sensing ion channels ASIc1 and *** data indicates that both neurotrophins play roles in determining mechanical thresholds of cutaneous HTMRs and LTMRs and that sensitivity changes involve the ASIc family of pu

关键词：皮肤胶质细胞神经元反应机械性刺激