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China Is Not yet Number One

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frontiers of Economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2015年第1期10卷 1-6页

作者： jeffrey frankel John f. Kennedy School of Government Harvard University Cambridge MA 02138 USA

Many claim that China will soon overtake the US. I argue that this claim is based on a misuse of statistics. The International Comparison Program （ICP） price data is necessary to compare living standards, since a dollar＇s worth of yuan buys more in China than a dollar buys in the US. But the fact that rice and clothes are cheap in rural China does not make the Chinese economy larger. What matters for size in the world economy is how much a yuan can buy on world markets. Using the correct prices, the US remains the world＇s largest economic power by a substantial margin.

关键词： China US PPP GDP exchange rate

An Update on Abscisic Acid Signaling in Plants and More

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 198-217页

作者： Aleksandra Wasilewsk.a florina Vlad Caroline Sirichandra Yulia Redko fabien Jammes Christiane Valon Nicolas frei dit frey jeffrey Leung Institut des Sciences du Vegetal Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UPR 23551 Avenue de la Terrasse Bat. 23 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette France CNRS UPR9073 Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France Laboratoire Signalisation et Regulation Coordonnee du Metabolisme Carbone et Azote Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes (UMR8618) Universite Paris-Sud F-91405 Orsay Cedex France

The mode of abscisic acid （ABA） action, and its relations to drought adaptive responses in particular, has been a captivating area of plant hormone research for much over a decade. The hormone triggers stomatal closure to limit water loss through transpiration, as well as mobilizes a battery of genes that presumably serve to protect the cells from the ensuing oxidative damage in prolonged stress. The signaling network orchestrating these various responses is, however, highly complex. This review summarizes several significant advances made within the last few years. The biosynthetic pathway of the hormone is now almost completely elucidated, with the latest identification of the ABA4 gene encoding a neoxanthin synthase, which seems essential for de novo ABA biosynthesis during water stress. This leads to the interesting question on how ABA is then delivered to perception sites. In this respect, regulated transport has attracted renewed focus by the unexpected finding of a shoot-to-root translocation of ABA during drought response, and at the cellular level, by the identification of a B-galactosidase that releases biologically active ABA from inactive ABA-glucose ester. Surprising candidate ABA receptors were also identified in the form of the flowering Time Control Protein A （fCA） and the Chloroplastic Magnesium Protoporphyrin-IX Chelatase H subunit （CHLH） in chloroplast-nucleus communication, both of which have been shown to bind ABA in vitro. On the other hand, the protein（s） corresponding to the physiologically detectable cell-surface ABA receptor（s） is （are） still not known with certainty. Genetic and physiological studies based on the guard cell have reinforced the central importance of reversible phosphorylation in modulating rapid ABA responses. Sucrose Non-fermenting Related Kinases （SnRK）, Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinases （CDPK）, Protein Phosphatases （PP） of the 2C and 2A classes figure as prominent regulators in this single-cell model. Identifying their d

关键词： Abscisic Acid Signaling Plants and More

Development of time series stacks of Landsat images for reconstructing forest disturbance history

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第3期2卷 195-218页

作者： Chengquan Huang Samuel N.Goward jeffrey G.Masek feng Gao Eric f.Vermote Nancy Thomas Karen Schleeweis Robert E.Kennedy Zhiliang Zhu Jeffery C.Eidenshink John R.G.Townshend Department of Geography University of Maryland2181 LeFrak HallCollege ParkMD 20742USA Code 614.4Biospheric Sciences NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMD 20771USA Earth Resources Technology Inc. 10810 Guilford Rd.Annapolis JunctionMD 20701USA USDA forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station 3200 SW Jefferson WayCorvallisOR 97331USA U.S.Geological Survey 12201 Sunrise Valley DriveRestonVA 20192USA USGS Earth Resources Observation and Science(EROS) Sioux FallsSD 57198USA

forest dynamics is highly relevant to a broad range of earth science studies,many of which have geographic coverage ranging from regional to global *** the temporally dense Landsat acquisitions available in many regions provide a unique opportunity for understanding forest disturbance history dating back to 1972,large quantities of Landsat images will need to be analysed for studies at regional to global *** will not only require effective change detection algorithms,but also highly automated,high level preprocessing capabilities to produce images with subpixel geolocation accuracies and best achievable radiometric consistency,a status called imagery-ready-to-use(IRU).This paper describes a streamlined approach for producing IRU quality Landsat time series stacks(LTSS).This approach consists of an image selection protocol,high level preprocessing algorithms and IRU quality verification *** high level preprocessing algorithms include updated radiometric calibration and atmospheric correction for calculating surface reflectance and precision registration and orthorectification routines for improving geolocation *** automated routines have been implemented in the Landsat Ecosystem Disturbance Adaptive System(LEDAPS)designed for processing large quantities of Landsat *** characteristics of the LTSS developed using this approach are discussed.

关键词： Landsat time series stack imagery-ready-to-use LEDAPS forest change

An Epigenetic Role for Disrupted Paternal Gene Expression in Postzygotic Seed Abortion in Arabidopsis Interspecific Hybrids

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Molecular Plant 2015年第12期8卷 1766-1775页

作者： Ryan C. Kirkbride Helen Hong Yu Gyoungju Nah Changqing Zhang Xiaoli Shi Z. jeffrey Chen Department of Molecular Biosciences Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics and Institute for Cellular and Molecular Biology The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 USA These authors contributed equally to this article. present address: Department of Plant Science Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University Seou1151-921 South Korea present address: Plants for Human Health Institute North Carolina State University 600 Laureate Way Kannapolis NC 28081 USA present address: Institute of Theoretical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences PO Box 2735 Beijing 100080 China

Interspecific hybrids often increase the levels of heterozygosity and hybrid vigor, but some interspecific hybrid seeds are aborted shortly after fertilization. The mechanism behind this postzygotic seed abortion is poorly understood. Here, we report genome-wide analysis of allelic expression changes in developing siliques and seeds in three f1 interspecific crosses between Arabidopsis thaliana （Col, Ler, or C24） and Arabidopsis arenosa. The majority of maternally expressed genes （MEGs） were shared among all three f1 interspecific crosses, whereas ~90% of 272 paternally expressed genes （PEGs） were found only in one or two f1 crosses, suggesting a role for disrupted paternal gene expression in seed abortion that varies in different crosses. Consistent with this notion, 12 PEGs in the infertile interspecific hybrids matched MEGs in fertile intraspecific hybrids. This disruption of PEGs in the interspecific hybrids was consistent with the upregulation of the genes in the paternal-excess interploidy cross （2X6） between a diploid mother and a hexaploid father, leading to the seed abortion. Moreover, a subset of PEGs in the interspecific crosses were also upregulated in the intraspecific hybrid metlXWT or meaXWT, in which the mutant of MET1 （DNA METHYL TRANSfERASE1） or MEDEA, a Polycomb Repressive Complex2 gene, was used as the maternal parent. These data suggest that maternal epigenetic factors and paternal gene expression play important roles in the postzygotic seed abortion in interspecific hybrids or neo-allopolyploids.

关键词： epigenetics imprinting paternal gene expression polyploidy hybrid incompatibility seeddevelopment

Conventional sintered Cu_(2-x)Se thermoelectric material

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Journal of Materiomics 2019年第4期5卷 626-633页

作者： Zhiming Geng Dongliang Shi Lu Shi Ying Li G.jeffrey Snyder Kwok-ho Lam Department of Electrical Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHung HomKowloonHong Kong Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityEvanstonUSA

As the featured material of the superionic thermoelectric(TE)material family,copper-chalcogenide Cu_(2-x)Se is attracting growing research interest for its excellent TE performance derived from the satisfactory power factor and the ultra-low thermal conductivity induced by the superionic *** efforts have been made and proved to be effective to further enhance the TE performance for Cu_(2-x)***,this material is still far from the application stage,which is mainly due to concerns regarding control of the properties and the costly complex fabrication *** we report a scalable pathway to achieve high-performance and tunable Cu_(2-x)Se,utilizing conventional sintering technology and copper(Cu)-vacancy engineering with an effective mass *** figure of merit zT is a competitive value of 1.0 at 800 K for the optimized binary Cu_(2-x)Se,based on the precise modeling prediction and Cu-vacancy *** changes in TE properties of Cu_(2-x)Se under heating-cooling cycle tests are also *** work offers the referable method along with the decent parent material for further enhancement of TE performance,paving a possible route for the application and industrialization of Cu_(2-x)Se TE materials.

关键词： Thermoelectric Copper selenide Copper-vacancy engineering Effective mass model

Performance evaluation of nanosilica derived from agro-waste as lost circulation agent in water-based mud

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Petroleum Research 2023年第2期8卷 256-269页

作者： Augustine Agi jeffrey O.Oseh Afeez Gbadamosi Cheo Kiew fung Radzuan Junin Mohd Zaidi Jaafar faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology College of Engineering TechnologyUniversiti Malaysia Pahang26300GambangPahangMalaysia Institute for Oil and Gas(IfOG) Universiti Teknologi Malaysia81310Johor BahruMalaysia federal University of Technology P.M.B.1526OwerriImo StateNigeria Department of Petroleum Engineering College of Petroleum and GeosciencesKing Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals31261DhahranSaudi Arabia Department of Petroleum Engineering School of Chemical and Energy EngineeringFaculty of EngineeringUniversiti Teknologi Malaysia81310 Johor BahruMalaysia

Seepage or loss of the mix-water from the drilling muds into the porous and permeable formations is a common problem during drilling *** drilling mud design requires a good knowledge of sealing integrity and all the factors influencing the mud to bridge through fractures or pore throat of exposed *** circulation materials(LCMs)are commonly introduced into the drilling mud to prevent or minimize filtrate *** study investigates silica nanoparticle(SNP)derived from rice husk(RH)termed RH-SNP using the wet-milling method as an LCM inwater-based mud(WBM).The impact of the RH-SNP in the enhancement of rheology and filtrate loss control properties of WBM was ***,the sealing integrity of the RH-SNP in a 1 mm and 2 mm simulated fracture for 7 min was determined using a stainless-steel slotted filter *** performance of the developed RH-SNP was compared with the widely applied *** synthesized RH-SNP at amount of 2.0 wt% significantly enhanced the yield point and plastic viscosity of the WBM by 75% and 386%,respectively,and minimized the fluid loss of the WBM by 47% at 80°*** enhancement is due to the particles ability to spread and interact efficiently with the *** the use of 1 mm and 2 mm simulated fracture for 7 min,the mud loss volume of the base mud reduced by 50%,66.7%,86%,and 90%(for 1 mm)and 40%,65.7%,77.1%,and 80%(for 2 mm)with the inclusion of 0.5 wt%,1.0 wt%,1.5 wt%,and 2.0 wt% of RH-SNP,***,the results showed that RH-SNP enhanced the seal integrity of the drilling mud and was more resistant to deformation compared to the *** findings of this study can help for better understanding of the application of RH-SNP as a loss circulation agent owing to its superior ability to seal fractured formation compared with the often used nutshell.

关键词： Rice husk silica nanoparticles Loss circulation material fractured formation Water based-mud Rheology

Petrogenesis and Mineralization of Two-Stage A-Type Granites in Jiuyishan,South China:Constraints from Whole-rock Geochemistry, Mineral Composition and Zircon U-Pb-Hf Isotopes

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2019年第4期93卷 874-900页

作者： LIU Ye LAI Jianqing XIAO Wenzhou Dick jeffrey DU Rijun LI Shuanglian LIU Chaoyun WEN Chunhua YU Xiaohang Key Laboratory of Metaallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Enironment Monitoring Ministry of EducationCentral South UniversityChangsha 410083China School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South UniversityChangsha 410083China Hunan Institute of Geological Survey Changsha 410116China College of Marine Science and Technology China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The Jiuyishan complex massif,located in the northern section of the Nanling region,is a combination of five plutons,namely,the Xuehuading,Jinjiling,Pangxiemu,Shaziling and Xishan ***-rock geochemistry,Imineral electron microprobe analysis,zircon U-Pb dating and Hf isotope analysis were carried out for the Jinjiling and Pangxiemu *** zircon U-Pb dating yields weighted mean ages of 152.9±0.9 Ma for the Jinjiling pluton and 151.7±1.5 Ma for the Pangxiemu pluton,with a narrow gap between *** Jinjiling and Pangxiemu plutons both have geochemical characteristics of high SiO2,Al2 O3,Na2 O,K2 O and low TiO2,MgO,CaO,P2 O5 contents,with intense depletions in Sr,Ba,Ti,Eu and enrichments in Ga,feoOT and HfSE,and these characteristics reflect an A-type *** the Jinjiling to the Pangxiemu plutons,the mineral composition of mica changes from lepidomelane to zinnwaldite,with increases in f,Li2 O and Rb2 O *** mineral composition of zircon changes from low Zr/Hf to high Zr/Hf,with increasing HfO2,P2 O5 and UO2+ThO2+Y2 O3 *** mineral compositions of feldspar indicate that the Pangxiemu pluton contains more alkali feldspar than the Jinjiling *** whole-rock geochemistry and mineral compositions reveal a higher degree of differentiation for the Pangxiemu *** nearly uniformεHf(t)indicates the same source region for the two plutons:both were derived from partial melting of the lower crust,with small contributions of mantle *** addition,higher f,lower Nb/Ta and Zr/Hf ratios in the Pangxiemu Pluton suggest a closer relationship with the rare metal mineralization than for the Jinjiling pluton.

关键词： zircon U-Pb dating mineral composition A-type granite rare metal mineralization Jinjiling pluton Pangxiemu pluton

Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Identifies Impaired Longitudinal Strain as a Common Deficit in Various Cardiac Diseases

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Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications 2018年第B7期3卷 237-250页

作者： Randy R.jeffrey Robert f.Hamburger Janelle Gooden-Ebanks John W.Petersen Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of FloridaGainesvilleFLUSA

The use of speckle-tracking echocardiography(STE)is becoming an increasingly useful tool in the evaluation of myocardial *** software can track the motion of the specular pattern created by the interference of ultrasound with the myofibers of the heart and provide a quantitative means to evaluate subtle changes in ventricular function that often occur before changes in ventricular ejection fraction are *** is most often used to measure the change in shape(strain)of myocardial segments in the circumferential,radial,and longitudinal *** various diseases,including coronary artery disease,aortic stenosis,and mitral regurgitation,deficits in longitudinal strain appear to occur earlier than deficits in other measures of strain or in ejection *** of STE measures of left ventricular contraction has the potential to significantly affect clinical management and outcomes of ischemic and valvular heart disease given the ability to separate those with asymptomatic disease who may benefit from earlier interventions than current guidelines may suggest.

关键词： speckle tracking echocardiography longitudinal strain valvular heart disease,ischemic heart disease echocardiographic imaging

Transportation of heat through Cattaneo-Christov heat flux model in non-Newtonian fluid subject to internal resistance of particles

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2020年第8期41卷 1157-1166页

作者： M.I.KHAN f.ALZAHRANI Department of Mathematics Riphah International UniversityFaisalabad 38000Pakistan Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics(NAAM)-Research Group Department of MathematicsFaculty of SciencesKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah 21589Saudi Arabia

Thermal conduction which happens in all phases(liquid,solid,and gas)is the transportation of internal energy through minuscule collisions of particles and movement of electrons within a working *** colliding particles comprise electrons,molecules,and atoms,and transfer disorganized microscopic potential and kinetic energy,mutually known as the internal *** engineering sciences,heat transfer comprises the processes of convection,thermal radiation,and sometimes mass ***,more than one of these procedures may happen in a given *** use the Cattaneo-Christov(CC)heat flux model instead of the fourier law of heat conduction to discuss the behavior of heat transportation.A mathematical model is presented for the Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion(CCDD)in the flow of a non-Newtonian nanofluid(the jeffrey fluid)towards a stretched *** magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)fluid is *** behaviors of heat and mass transportation rates are discussed with the *** models are based on fourier’s and fick’s *** convective transportation in nanofluids is discussed,subject to thermophoresis and Brownian *** nonlinear governing flow expression is first altered into ordinary differential equations via appropriate transformations,and then numerical solutions are obtained through the built-in-shooting *** impact of sundry flow parameters is discussed on the velocity,the skin friction coefficient,the temperature,and the concentration *** is reported that the velocity of material particles decreases with higher values of the Deborah number and the ratio of the relaxation to retardation time *** temperature distribution enhances when the Brownian motion and thermophoresis parameters *** concentration shows contrasting impact versus the Lewis number and the Brownian motion *** is also noticed that the skin friction coefficient decreases when the ratio of the relaxation to retarda

关键词： Cattaneo-Christov double diffusion(CCDD) non-Newtonian fluid model(jeffrey model) viscous dissipation magnetohydrodynamic(MHD) Brownian diffusion thermophoresis diffusion