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Application of in-situ characterization techniques in modern aqueous batteries

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Rare Metals 2024年第8期43卷 3553-3575页

作者： Jia-Hao Wu Hong-Wei Cai Zhao-Hui Deng jean-jacques Gaumet Yu Bao Wen Luo Department of Physics State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and ProcessingSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringWuhan University of TechnologyWuhan430070China Laboratoire de Chimie Et Physique:Approche Multi-Echelles Des Milieux Complexes(LCP-A2MC)Institut Jean BarriolUniversitéde Lorraine57070MetzFrance Department of Medicinal Chemistry Hubei College of Chinese MedicineJingzhou 434020China

The development of high-performance aqueous batteries calls for an in-depth knowledge of their chargedischarge redox and failure mechanism,as well as a systematic understanding of the dynamic evolution of microstructure,phase composition,chemical composition,and local chemical environment of the materials for ***-situ characterization technology is expected to understand and reveal the problems faced by aqueous rechargeable batteries,such as the dissolution of electrode materials,the growth of metal negative electrode dendrites,passivation,corrosion,side reactions and a series of *** on this,typical in-situ characterization techniques and their basic mechanisms are summarized,including in-situ optical visualization,in-situ microscopy techniques(in-situ scanning electron microscopy(SEM),in-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)),in-situ X-ray techniques(in-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD),in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),in-situ near-edge structural X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XANES)),and in-situ spectroscopy techniques(in-situ Raman spectroscopy,in-situ Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)).Moreover,some emerging techniques concerning aqueous battery research,especially gas evolution and materials dissolution issues,such as in-situ electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance(EQCM).in-situ fiber-optic sensing,in-situ gas chromatography(GC) are *** last,the applications of advanced in-situ characterizations in future research of aqueous batteries are emphasized and discussed,along with some of the remaining challenges and possible solutions.

关键词： Aqueous battery In-situ characterization Phase transformation Solid electrolyte interphase Zinc dendrite growth

Uncovering the Challenges of Faecal Sludge Management in Benin’s Urban Hubs: The Cases of Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第7期15卷 767-780页

作者： Nikita Topanou Blaise Agbatchi Gouvidé jean Gbaguidi jacques Fatombi Fidèle Paul Tchobo Kaba Laboratory of Chemical Research and Application (LaKReCA) Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science and Technology of Natitingou University of Abomey Natitingou Bnin Laboratory of Study and Research in Applied Chemistry Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi (LERCA/EPAC/UAC) Cotonou Bnin

The issue of faecal sludge management in developing countries remains a significant challenge due to the indiscriminate discharge of sludge into the environment. This practice generates more environmental problems than it solves. This study aims to assess the management of household faecal sludge in the communes of Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou, Benin, in order to optimise the best storage conditions for subsequent more effective treatment. To this end, a sociological survey was conducted among households in Abomey-Calavi and Natitingou, as well as among manual emptiers. The results of our studies revealed that two types of latrines are used in households. 20.55% of households use traditional latrines, while 59.83% use ordinary latrines. 7.97% of households use both types of latrine. Moreover, the depth of the latrines varies from 2.5 m to 7 m in Abomey-Calavi and from 2.5 m to 8 m in Natitingou. Among households with a latrine, 28.26% empty their pit at least once, while 71.74% have never emptied it. The emptying cost varies between 35,000 FCFA and 90,000 FCFA. The mixing of faecal sludge with solid waste, including plastic materials, makes emptying difficult due to the obstruction of the vacuum pump. The results obtained will serve as a reliable database to facilitate decision-making in the context of faecal sludge management.

关键词： Management Faecal Sludge Valorization Benin

Dosage Formula in Anesthesia for Manual Intrauterine Aspiration Post-Abortion in Resource-Limited Settings

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第4期15卷 71-80页

作者： Serge Ibula Rivain Iteke Berthe Barhayiga Doddie Tsansya Roger Cishugi jean jacques Kalongo Sandra Sagboze jean Paul Cikwanine Dieudonné Sengeyi ISTM/Bukavu Anesthesia-Resuscitation Section CIMAC Hospital Center in Goma Goma The Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Anesthesia-Resuscitation University of Lubumbashi Lubumbashi The Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Anesthesia-Resuscitation University of Kinshasa Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Gyneco-Obstetrics University of Kinshasa Kinshasa The Democratic Republic of the Congo Anesthesia-Resuscitation Department Panzi Hospital Bukavu The Democratic Republic of the Congo

Setting: Provincial General Reference Hospital of Bukavu, General Reference Hospital of Panzi, General Reference Hospital of Ciriri, General Reference Hospital of Nyatende and Biopharm Hospital Center. Objective: Contribute to the improvement of the anesthetic ECP of patients benefiting from MVA for incomplete abortion, Describe the methodology used for adoption of the dosage formula in Anesthesia for MVA, present the mathematical demonstration leading to the dosage formula in anesthesia for MVA. Materials and Methods: Our study was descriptive by mathematical demonstration of obtaining the equilibrium constant of the dosage formula of bipuvacaine 0.1% and Fentanyl 50 µg% adapted to the weight and specific size of patients treated anesthetically in MVA cases for incomplete abortion. We also carried out an operational research by first determining the interval where our equilibrium constant is included and secondly by means of the ends of the intervals found correlated to the ends of intervals of possible weights and sizes in the being normal human female of childbearing age to arrive at the real numerical value of the equilibrium constant of the BUKAVU Dosage Formula in the case of anesthesia for MVA during the management of incomplete abortions. Results: TWO-STAGE OPERATIONAL RESEARCH: • Determination of the interval where the equilibrium constant x = −0.95 x x by crossing the means between the extremes of volumes of anesthetic drugs giving a satisfactory sensory block without hemodynamic disturbance and the extremes of normal weight and height for women of childbearing age. We ended up with X = 0.37. Conclusion: At the end of our study which had the general objectives of contributing to the improvement of the anesthetic PEC of patients receiving MVA for incomplete abortion and specific objectives of describing the methodology used for adoption of the dosage formula in Anesthesia for MVA and present the mathematical demonstration which resulted in the dosage formul

关键词： Dosage Anesthesia Intrauterine Aspiration DR Congo

Hydrogeochemical Characterization of Groundwater from Fissured Aquifers in the Angovia Mine Operating Permit Area (Central-West Côte d’Ivoire)

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2024年第1期16卷 83-101页

作者： Kouadio Michel Yao Tanina Drissa Soro Tanoh jean jacques Koua Akaie jean Fabrice Tchakray Yao Emile Desmond Konan Brou Dibi Laboratory of Sciences and Technologies of Environment University Jean Lorougnon Guede Daloa C&ocircte d’Ivoire

The main objective of this study is to determine the hydrogeochemical specificities of the groundwater of the Angovia mine operating permit, located in the Yaouré mountains in the center-west of Côte d’Ivoire. To do so, descriptive and multivariate statistical analysis methods with the SOM (Self Organizing Maps) algorithm were applied to the physicochemical parameters of 17 boreholes using the calcite (ISC) and dolomite (ISD) saturation indices. The results obtained have shown that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area has an average temperature of 27.52°C (long rainy season) and 27.87°C (long dry season) and has an average pH of 7.09 ± 0.35 during the main rainy season and 7.32 ± 0.35 during the main dry season. They are mineralized with an average electrical conductivity of 505.98 ± 302.85 μS/cm during the long rainy season and with 450.33 ± 233.74 μS/cm as average during the long dry season. The main phenomena at the origin of groundwater mineralization are water residence time, oxidation-reduction and surface inflow. The study of the relative age of the water shows that the groundwater in the Angovia mine operating permit area is mainly undersaturated with respect to calcite and dolomite. They are therefore very old in the aquifer with a slow circulation speed during the long rainy season and the long dry season.

关键词： Hydrogeochemistry Mineralization Fissure Aquifers Operating Permits The Angovia Mine

上海戏剧学院“导演构思与创作实践”研究生课程汇报/2022级舞美设计MFA中期作品法国当代戏剧《红鲱鱼》剧照

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戏剧艺术 2024年第2期 I0003-I0004页

作者： [法]让-雅克·瓦鲁让不详

导演的话《红鲱鱼》这个戏吸引我的是剧中那些犀利的、耐人寻味的,又让人捉摸不透的东西,它既荒诞又寓言。人类的悲欢并不相通,这个戏探讨了现代人的处境,人和人之间的对抗与疏离、困惑与矛盾。这些又何止发生在上个世纪末的巴黎?且看... 详细信息

导演的话《红鲱鱼》这个戏吸引我的是剧中那些犀利的、耐人寻味的,又让人捉摸不透的东西,它既荒诞又寓言。人类的悲欢并不相通,这个戏探讨了现代人的处境,人和人之间的对抗与疏离、困惑与矛盾。这些又何止发生在上个世纪末的巴黎?且看我们的身边。我们能否在坠入空虚的世界之际保持清醒?能否改变这一切?很多事情,戏剧也给不了答案,只是映照人类困境的一面古老镜子。某种意义上说,《红鲱鱼》文本即是“红鲱鱼”,剧作家有意无意地将你引入他设下的迷局。剧中遍布的似有非有、无法言说的模糊地带,给舞台创作带来了多种可能,我们畅游,窥视一二。

关键词：上海戏剧学院舞美设计导演构思人类困境研究生当代戏剧创作实践模糊地带

Causes of Infertility of Couples Residing in Libreville

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2024年第1期12卷 75-82页

作者： Opheelia Makoyo Komba Ulysse Minkobame Pamphile Assoumou Reteno Retno Elsy Ntsame Anouchka Mewi jacques Albert Bang Ntamack jean François Meye Département de gynécologie obstétrique Université des sciences de la santé d’Owendo Libreville Gabon

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization, globally one in six people experience infertility in their lifetime. Infertility is considered as a major and global public health issue. In most cases, women bear the burden of infertility to protect the male ego. Although men and women are equally likely to have fertility problems. The aim of this study was to identify the causes of infertility of couples residing in Libreville. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study performed over 2 years, from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2022. Data was obtained from 162 couples attending the assisted reproduction department of the mother and child hospitals in Libreville. Statistical analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics version 22.0 software. Results: During the study period, 28.5% of couples could afford IVF treatment. The average for woman age was 39.1 ± 4.06 while the average age for male patients was 41.53 ± 7.08 years with minimum and maximum age of 34 et 66 years. More than half (58.6%) of female partners were employed in the public sector. Half of the male partners (50%) were employed in the private sector. The median duration of infertility was 6 years. Approximately 49.4% of couples were diagnosed with primary infertility. The most common causes of infertility in female patients were Fallopian tubes obstruction (53.2%), uterine factors (24.2%) and hormonal problems (19.6%). With regards to male factors infertility, testicular causes were predominant (53.6%). Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia were the major semen abnormalities (55.7%) found after semen evaluation. Both male and female partners were sub-fertile in 47.5% of cases. Unexplained infertility was found in 11% of couples. Conclusion: This study showed that the diagnostic of infertility faced by couples residing in Libreville should involve both male and female partner.

关键词： Epidemiology Gabon Infertility

Spontaneous Infection of Ascites Fluid at the National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga in Cotonou: Prevalence and Associated Factors

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 1-10页

作者： Aboudou Raïmi Kpossou Comlan N’dehougbèa Martin Sokpon Chloé Andréa Obekandon Opè Mahouton jacques Tovizounkou Kadiatou Diallo Rodolph Koffi Vignon jean Séhonou University Clinic of Hepato-Gastroenterology National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) Cotonou Benin University Clinic of Internal Medicine CNHU-HKM Cotonou Benin Department of Internal Medicine Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Background: Spontaneous ascites fluid infection (SAFI) is an extremely serious and frequently encountered complication in cirrhotic patients. We aimed to determine the prevalence of SAFI and the factors associated with it in the largest hospital in Cotonou. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical study conducted from January 2013 to July 2019, at the National and University Hospital Hubert Koutoukou Maga (CNHU-HKM) in Cotonou, Benin. All patients followed in the University Clinic of Hepato-Gastroenterology and diagnosed with SAFI were included. Results: Eighty-two patients were included, predominantly males (69.5%), with a mean age of 51.5 ± 14.5 years. Among them, 32 had SAFI, i.e., a prevalence of 39%. Of the 32 cases of SAFI, the culture of ascites fluid was positive in 6 cases (18.7%). The most frequent germ found in SAFI was Escherichia coli (5 patients, 83.3%). The factors associated with SAFI in this study were: abdominal pain (p = 0.004), increased bilirubinemia (p = 0.009), decreased prothrombin level 20 (p = 0.001). Conclusion: SAFI was common in cirrhotic patients in the department. Certain clinical and paraclinical factors were associated with it, as was the severity of cirrhosis. Early diagnosis and aetiological management of cirrhosis could reduce its frequency.

关键词： Ascites Infection Cirrhosis Cotonou

Epidemiological, Clinical Progress Aspects of Congenital Heart Disease with Neonatal Revelation at the Mother-Child Hospital of Bingerville (HME) Concerning 98 Cases from January 2021 to December 2022 (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第1期14卷 89-100页

作者： Adja Evelyne Akaffou-Gbery Richard Azagoh-Kouadio Anne-Lise Laetitia Mobio jean-jacques Yao Atteby Serenah Marie Janice N’vrah Anoh Kouassi Raoul Yao Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology H&#244pital Mère-Enfant de Bingerville (HME) Bingerville C&#244te d’Ivoire Department of Medical Pediatrics and Specialties CHU de Angré Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Introduction The distribution of congenital heart disease (CHD) in sub-Saharan Africa is highly imprecise and varies from one region to another due to the inequality of diagnostic facilities. The aim of this study was to determine the in-hospital prevalence of congenital heart disease in children at the Mother-Child hospital of Bingerville (HME) by specifying the diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study at HME of Bingerville from January 2021 to December 2022. All newborns with congenital heart disease confirmed by echocardiography were included in the study. Results Of 656 admissions to the neonatology department over the study period, congenital heart disease accounted for 14.9% (98/656) of cases. In our series, 76.7% were diagnosed before the 1st week of life, with a mean chronological age of 5.18 days and extremes of 0 and 46 days. There were as many male patients (50%) as female (50%), i.e. a sex ratio of 1. These newborns were premature in 60.2% of cases, with a mean and median gestational age of 34 weeks’ amenorrhea. Most were left-right shunts (90.8%). Persistent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (48.9%) predominated, followed by atrial septal defect (38.7%), ventricular septal defect (13.3%), common trunk artery (CTA) (3.1%) and open septal pulmonary atresia (OSPA) (1%) as the primary cyanogenic heart disease. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (50%) was primary in 38.8% and secondary (61.2%). The mortality rate was 30.6%, and all CTA patients died (100%), with a significant statistical relationship (p = 0.027). Progression under treatment was marked by clinical stabilization (68/98) in 69.4% of cases. Conclusion: Congenital heart disease is relatively common at the Bingerville HME. Access to echocardiography should be facilitated in neonatology departments for rapid diagnosis and optimal management of congenital heart disease in newborns.

关键词： Newborn Congenital Heart Disease Côte d’Ivoire

Cytotoxic Properties on Cervical and Liver Cancer Cells of Two Plant Recipes from Burkina Faso

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第6期12卷 216-229页

作者： Estelle Ouédraogo Bagora Bayala Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon Samiratou Ouédraogo Olga Mélanie Lompo Essi Etonam Dovo jean-Marie Compaoré Albert Théophane Yonli jacques Simpore Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Genetics (LABIOGENE) Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Center of Biomolecular Research Pietro Annigoni (CERBA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Ecole Normale Suprieure Koudougou Burkina Faso Hspital Saint Camille of Ouagadougou (HOSCO) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Faculty of Health University Saint Thomas dAquin (USTA) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Chair Research and Action against Cancer Department of Public Health Training and Research Unit in Health Sciences Joseph KI-ZERBO University Ouagadougou Burkina Faso National Population Health Observatory National Institute of Public Health Ouagadougou Burkina Faso The Department of Epidemiology Biostatistics and Occupational Health School of Population and Global Health Montral Canada Laboratory of Pathological Anatomy and Cytology University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso TIIG LA TIIM Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in developing countries. In recent years, natural plant-based compounds have been used in the search for drugs to combat numerous diseases, including cancer. In this study, we evaluate the cytotoxic properties of paanfo tiben 1 and paanfo tiben 2, two traditional herbal formulations from Burkina Faso used in the treatment of cancer in Burkina Faso. To this end, the recipes were infused and freeze-dried. The dry extracts obtained were used to determine total phenolics and flavonoids content, assess antioxidant activity using the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods, evaluate anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting 15-LOX, COX 1 and 2, and assess cytotoxic activity on HeLa cervical cancer and HePG2 liver cancer cell lines using the MTT test. The paanfo tiben 1 recipe showed the highest levels of total phenolics and flavonoids, as well as the best antioxidant activities, with IC50 values of 21.020 ± 0.6 µg/ml and 22.94 ± 0.57 µg/ml for DPPH and ABTS, and 165.15 mM EAA/mg dry extract for FRAP. It also exhibited the best cytotoxic activity with IC50 values of 112.02 ± 0.025 µg/ml on HeLa cells and 80.67 ± 6.08 µg/ml on HepG2 cells. On the other hand, paanfo tiben 2 exhibited the best anti-inflammatory activities through inhibition of 15-LOX and COX 1, with inhibition percentages at 100 µg/ml of 32.523% and 24.717 % respectively. These results could justify the traditional use of these two recipes by traditional health practitioners in the treatment of cancer sufferers in Burkina Faso.

关键词： Antioxidant Anti-Inflammatory Cytotoxicity Paanfo Tiben Burkina