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Journal of Electrical Engineering 2014年第5期2卷 221-227页

作者： Dudley Anthony Williams jean-francois Marc Dorville Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Technology University of the West Indies Mona Campus Mona 1876 Jamaica

Tubular light pipes （i.e., solar tubes） are modern daylighting devices, which are designed to let confined interior spaces benefit from natural lighting. In tropical country, the use of sunlight for lighting is a major concern due to the heat associated with sunlight, which has the potential to increase the cost of cooling, thereby reducing the energy savings from the reduction in lighting load. To investigate the thermal and lighting performance of light pipes, a case study for a seminar room, in which light pipes are installed, is presented. Temperatures for the solar tube （dome and diffuser）, window and room were monitored continuously for 24 h periods. Results from the study indicate that the diffuser was on average 6.68 ~C higher than room temperature on a clear day between 7：00 a.m. and 4：00 p.m., while dome temperature was on average 4.45 ~C higher than diffuser＇s temperature during the same period. This large thermal gradient in the day between dome, diffuser and room can significantly increase the cost of maintaining thermal comfort of 25 ~C, in the room. Another finding was the phenomenon of light pipes acting as a heat pumping the night, because it extracts heat from the room during the night between 7：00 p.m. and 4：00 a.m. This occurred because dome temperature is always smaller than diffuser and room temperature in the night. Therefore, for energy savings to be realized from light pipes, thermal performance must be taken into consideration in the analysis of energy savings from light pipes.

关键词： Thermal tubular light pipe solar tube.

Finite Element Analysis of the Material’s Area Affected during a Micro Thermal Analysis Applied to Homogeneous Materials

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Journal of Surface Engineered Materials and Advanced Technology 2011年第1期1卷 1-8页

作者： Yoann Joliff Lenaik Belec jean-francois Chailan MAPIEM EA 4323Institut des Sciences de l’Ingenieur de Toulon et du VarCedexFrance

Micro-thermal analysis (μ-TA), with a miniaturized thermo-resistive probe, allows topographic and thermal imaging of surfaces to be carried out and permits localized thermal analysis of materials. In order to estimate the effective volume of material thermally affected during this localized measurement, simulations, using finite element method were used. Several parameters and conditions were considered. So, thermal conductivity was found to be the driving physical parameter in thermal exchanges. Indeed, the evolution of the heat affected zone (HAZ) versus thermal conductivity can well be described by a linear interpolation. Therefore it is possible to estimate the HAZ before experimental measurements. This result is an important progress especially for accurate interphase characterization in heterogeneous materials.

关键词： Micro-Thermal Analysis Localized Thermal Analysis Heat Affected Zone Thermal Conductivity Finite Element Method

外国中小企业如何在中国开花结果 ——案例：天堂之蜜

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外国中小企业如何在中国开花结果 ——案例：天堂之蜜

作者： jean-francois Benoit 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

随着中国快速而稳健地迈入世界经济强国之列,她吸引了越来越多来自这个星球各个角落的研究者和商务人士的关注。尤其是当中国于2001年加入世界贸易组织和2008年成功举办奥林匹克运动会周后,这种关注更是得以明显增长。去年,中国对外贸... 详细信息

随着中国快速而稳健地迈入世界经济强国之列,她吸引了越来越多来自这个星球各个角落的研究者和商务人士的关注。尤其是当中国于2001年加入世界贸易组织和2008年成功举办奥林匹克运动会周后,这种关注更是得以明显增长。去年,中国对外贸易顺差2954亿美元,其中出口增加同比增加17.2%达到14285亿美元,进口同比增加18.5%达到11331亿美元。尽管很多关于外国企业如何在中国做生意的文章已经不少,然而它们的对象多是国际大型企业。在过去几十年中,这些国际大型企业主要通过大规模的直接资本投资和重要的资源和技术转让得以进入这个拥有13.1亿消费者的巨大市场。关于中小企业的研究则少之又少。相对于中小企业在全球经济中的贡献,这种研究的缺乏是惊人的。它们独特的组织方式加上相对较小的规模,给它们提供了重要的优势。然而,当他们的经理人将目光投向这个国家的诱人的购买力的时候,他们需要做一些特殊的事情。这个文明悠久的历史和政府在经济社会发展中扮演的特殊的角色,形成了特有的商务模式。本研究的首要目的是当外国中小企业想在中国大陆运作时,将如何掌控他们面对的各种挑战,这些挑战体现这个拥有5000多年历史的国家的特殊性,可以说她是独一无二的。在此,我们将聚焦那些决定以进口方式进入中国市场的企业,而非那些来中国建厂和利用中国廉价成本以最大化其价值链的企业。研究将主要通过给天堂之蜜制定进入策略来完成。这是一个新的公司,它意图在中国销售在加拿大生产的枫树糖并延伸到在中国的进一步加工。研究的成果是一个市场进入策略的制定,并将市场目标定位以下几个:1)酒店和餐馆:2)个人消费者;3)食品加工。

关键词：中国 SME 国际化枫树糖

Cross-sectional associations between cortical thiclmess and physical activity in older adults with spontaneous memory complaints:The MAPT Study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第3期12卷 324-332页

作者： Jérémy Raffin Yves Rolland Clara Fischer jean-francois Mangin Audrey Gabelle Bruno Vellas Philipe de Souto Barreto the MAPT/DSA Group Gérontopôle de Toulouse Institut du VieillissementCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de ToulouseToulouse 31000France UniversitéPaul-Sabatier/Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale UnitéMixte de Recherche 1027 Facultéde médecineUniversity of Toulouse ⅢToulouse 31000France Centre pour l'Acquisition et le Traitement des Images Multicenter Neuroimaging Platform NeurospinUniversitéParis-SaclayGif sur Yvette 91191France Memory Resources and Research Center Montpellier University HospitalMontpellier 34295France Institut National de la Santéet de la Recherche Médicale Unité1061 i-site Montpellier Universitéd'Excellence University of MontpellierMontpellier 34090France 不详

Background:Age-related changes in brain structure may constitute the starting point for cerebral function *** activity(PA)demonstrated favorable associations with total brain volume,but its relationship with cortical thickness(CT)remains *** investigated the cross-sectional associations between PA level and CT in community-dwelling people aged 70 years and ***:A total of 403 older adults aged 74.8±4.0 years(mean±SD)who underwent a baseline magnetic resonance imaging examination and who had data on PA and confounders were *** was assessed with a *** were categorized according to PA *** linear regressions were used to compare the brain CT(mm)of the inactive group(no PA at all)with 6 active groups(growing PA levels)in 34 regions of ***:Compared with inactive persons,people who achieved PA at a level of 1500-1999 metabolic equivalent task-min/week(i.e.,about6-7 h of brisk walking for exercise) and those who achieved it at 2000-2999 metabolic equivalent task-min/week(i.e.,8-11 h of brisk walking for exercise)had higher CT in the fusiform gyrus and the temporal ***,dose-response associations between PA and CT were found in the fusiform gyrus(B=0.011,SE=0.004,adj.p=0.035),the temporal pole(B=0.026,SE=0.009,adj.p=0.048),and the caudal middle frontal gyrus,the entorhinal,medial orbitofrontal,lateral occipital,and insular ***:This study demonstrates a positive association between PA level and CT in temporal areas such as the fusiform gyrus,a brain region often associated to Alzheimer’s disease in people aged 70 years and *** investigations focusing on PA type may help to fulfil remaining knowledge gaps in this field.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease Brain aging Cortical thickness Physical activity

“第八届中法可持续发展城市交通系统论坛（THNS2015）”札记

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城市轨道交通研究 2016年第2期19卷 140-141页

作者： jean-francois JANIN 孙铮交通和海洋管理总司智能交通处不详

2015年11月25日至28日，作为第21届联合国气候变化大会的前奏，“第八届中法可持续发展城市交通系统论坛（THNS2015）”在法国巴黎举行。本届论坛的主题是“绿色、一体化、智能化交通运输系统”。

关键词：城市交通系统可持续发展论坛智能化交通运输系统气候变化法国巴黎联合国一体化

Comparison of airway resistance measurements by the forced oscillation technique and the interrupter technique for detecting chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in elderly patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2005年第22期118卷 1921-1924页

作者： GUO Yan-fei SUN Tie-ying francois Herrmann jean-Paul Janssens Division of Pulmonary Medicine Beijing Hospital Beijing 100730China Department of Rehabilitation and Geriatrics Geneva University Hospital Geneva Switzerland Division of Pulmonary Medicine Geneva University HospitalGeneva Switzerland

Rulmonary function tests provide an objective means to verify ventilatory dysfunction and to estimate its severity in respiratory disorders. Measurement of forced expiratory volume in 1 second （FEV1） and forced vital capacity （FVC） is considered to be the basic tests for the assessment of airway obstruction. Although they are useful diagnostically and prognostically, the results of FEV1 and FVC are strongly dependent on the cooperation of the patient. Lack of collaboration is particularly present in elderly patients because of mood alterations, fatigability or cognitive impairment. The forced oscillation technique （FOT） and the interrupter resistance technique are the two methods of measuring respiratory resistance during tidal breathing, they are of special interest because both of them are noninvasive, requires minimal cooperation, takes little time and can be easily repeated, especially in children and elderly subjects who cannot accomplish forced expiratory maneuvers in a reproducible manner.

关键词： forced oscillation technique· interrupter technique·chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Lichen-Spruce Woodland Early Indicators of Ecological Resilience Following Silvicultural Disturbances in Québec’s Closed-Crown Forest Zone

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第3期4卷 749-765页

作者： Esteban Gonzalez francois Hébert jean-francois Boucher Pascal Sirois Daniel Lord Département des Sciences Fondamentales Université du Québec à ChicoutimiSaguenayCanada Direction de la Recherche Forestière Ministère des Ressources NaturellesQuébecCanada

Lichen woodlands (LW) located in the closed-crown boreal forest are not a successional stage moving towards a closed black spruce feathermoss stand (FM), but an alternative stable state, due to their previous forest history, and the occurrence of LWs located nearby closed-crown FM stands. Therefore, afforestation in those LWs through site preparation and plantation could shift back LW into FM stands. We implemented an experimental design with different combinations of silvicultural treatments in both site types (LW, FM). We monitored the evolution of plant diversity and the physiology of three bio-indicators (Picea mariana, Kalmia angustifolia, Rhododendron groenlandicum) in different microsites created by the silvicultural treatments. The return to the initial composition was noticed only two years after treatments, especially in the LW stands, thus indicating a higher level of early ecosystem resilience in LWs compared to FM stands. Mean species cover, especially in the FM stands, decreased the most in the skid trails created by logging, probably due to a lack of acclimation of bryophytes to open stand conditions. Conversely, ericaceous shrubs and lichens found in the LWs were already acclimated to open stand conditions, which give to LWs a restructuring advantage compared to FM plant communities after silvicultural treatments. Overall, FM and LW short-term resilience was similar, indicating equally efficient ecosystem reorganization in both stands. The comparable early resilience in managed LW and FM stands, in terms of plant biodiversity, contradicts the presumed fragility of LW stands, especially in this case where LWs are assumed to be an alternative stable state created by compound disturbances. Silvicultural treatments maintained the functional group diversity in LWs, a key element for ecosystem resilience. Therefore, this study support the idea that plantation following site preparation in LWs could be a valuable management strategy to reach several objecti

关键词： Afforestation Black Spruce Kalmia angustifolia Rhododendron groenlandicum Logging Picea mariana Vegetation Recovery Scarification Silviculture

Adipocytes modulate vascular smooth muscle cells migration potential through their secretions

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2013年第4期3卷 227-235页

作者： Souhad El Akoum Isabelle Cloutier jean-francois Tanguay Montreal Heart Institute MontrealCanada Departement de Sciences Biomedicales Facultede MedecineUniversitede MontrealMontrealCanada

Impairment of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) is recognized as a predisposition factor for atherosclerosis development. We hypothesize that the metabolic syndrome has a direct impact on VSMC migration and phenotypic switching, which may increase the incidence of atherosclerotic events. Aortic VSMC were extracted from 10 weeks old C57BL6 mice and incubated for 24 hr in adipocytes conditioned cell culture medium. Adipocytes were extracted from diabetic C57BL6 male mice fed with either a vegetal or an animal High-Fat-Diet (HFD) for 20 weeks. Migration of VSMC in response to conditioned media stimulations was significantly modulated compared to control. The most extended effects on VSMC were triggered by adipocytes from mice fed with animal HFD. These effects were concurrent with increased leptin concentrations and decreased adiponectin levels in conditioned media. A significant up-regulation of CD36 mRNA level was found in VSMC treated with adipocytes from HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, we have shown that the development of adipocyte-induced VSMC alterations is linked to diet fatty acid composition and the degree of metabolic alterations. The modulation of adipokine secretions in the adipose tissue that is linked to metabolic alterations may alter the physiology of VSMC and thus accelerate the development of metabolic-related vascular diseases.

关键词： Adipocytes Atherosclerosis Type 2 Diabetes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Migration

Interpolating Socioeconomic Data for the Analysis of Deforestation:A Comparison of Methods

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2012年第4期4卷 358-365页

作者： Michelle Farfán jean francois Mas Laura Osorio Centro de Investigaciones en Geografía Ambiental Universidad Nacional Autonoma de MexicoMoreliaMexico

This study compares local-level socioeconomic variables interpolated with three different methods: 1) Thiessen polygons, 2) Inverse distance weighting, and 3) Areas of influence based on cost of distance. The main objective was to determine the interpolation technique capable of generating the most efficient variable to explain the distribution of deforestation through two statistical approaches: generalized linear models and hierarchical partition. The study was conducted in two regions of western Mexico: Coyuquilla River watershed, and the Sierra de Manantlan Biosphere Reserve (SMBR). For SMBR it was found that the Thiessen polygons and areas of influence were the techniques that interpolated variables with greatest explanatory power for the deforestation process, in Coyuquilla it was inverse distance weighting. These differences are related to the distribution and the spatial correlation of the values of the variables.

关键词： Interpolation Socioeconomic Variables Deforestation Hierarchical Partition

Antegrade Brain Perfusion for Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery 2011年第2期1卷 24-28页

作者： jean francois Morin Andrew Hirsch Senthuran Tharmalingam 不详

Objective: The gold standard procedure for pulmonary thromboendarterectomy is median sternotomy, cardiopulmonary bypass, profound hypothermia (18oC) and circulatory arrest. We propose a modified technique to improve the quality of care in this patient population, based on an intervention previously used in aortic surgery. Method: In our modified technique, we cannulated the right axillary artery to allow antegrade brain perfusion while on circulatory arrest. In this retrospective study, we have reviewed the data relating to the first 7 patients on whom we performed the modified technique and have made comparison with a group of 7 case-matched individuals who underwent the standard technique (control group). Results: The modified technique allowed for use of moderate hypothermia (25oC - 28oC). Patients in both groups woke up without neurologic complications. A trend towards, but non-significant reduction in duration of surgery from 303 (±42) to 279 (±44), duration of postoperative inotropic support from 2.7 ± 3.4 days to 1.7 ± 2.0 days, as well as postoperative mechanical ventilation time from 4.87 (±3.7) to 2 (±2.7) days were seen in the control and modified groups respectively. All patients in the modified group woke up on post-operative day 0, whereas most patients in the control group awoke on postoperative day 1. No significant differences were noted in the reduction in preoperative to postoperative systolic pulmonary artery pressure, post-operative length of stay in the intensive care unit and length of stay in the hospital among the two groups. Conclusions: The antegrade brain perfusion via the right axillary artery allows for good brain protection, while maintaining a bloodless field in the arterial pulmonary tree. All our patients awoke without any neurologic deficits. In the future, by using an even milder level of cooling, we may be able to significantly reduce the duration of surgery and improve the recovery of our patients.

关键词： Cerebral Perfusion Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy