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Extraction, Production and Quality Evaluation of Margarine from Oil Extracted from Waste Biomass Peels of Avocado and Virgin Coconut Oil, Using Chitosan from Reared Shells as Preservative

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2024年第1期13卷 142-168页

作者： Suh-Ndale Svetlana Miyanui Pride Ndasi Ngwasiri Wiyeh Claudette Bakisu Muala Noumo Thierry Ngangmou wilson Agwanande Ambindei Martin Benoit Ngassoum Department of Nutrition Food and Bioresource Technology College of Technology University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Department of Process Engineering ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon Department of Applied Chemistry ENSAI University of Ngaoundere Ngaoundere Cameroon

The production and consumption of avocado pears generates tons of wastes, mainly the pear peels which are usually discarded, although they have been reported to contain important phyto-chemicals with biological activities. The adverse health effect associated with the consumption of saturated lipid based foods has ignited research on reformulation of lipid based foods to eliminate Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs). This study was thus aimed at the extraction and characterization of oil from Avocado Peels (APO) and evaluation of the quality of margarine produced from it. Five verities of pear were used for oil extraction by soxhlet method and physiochemical, oxidative, functional and antioxidant characterization was done. Margarines were formulated using a central composite design using oil blends of APO and Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) with an oil ratio of 10:90, 40:60, 70:30 respectively, varied blending speed, blending time, and chitosan concentration. Samples were characterized and the effect of process parameters on the physiochemical and functional properties of the margarine studied. Optimized conditions were used to produce samples for sensory evaluation. Color, spreadability, aroma, taste and general acceptability was evaluated using ranking difference test. The results showed that the yield, density, and iodine values of APOs oils ranged from 14.91 ± 0.18 to 11.76 ± 0.46;0.93 ± 0.001 to 0.99 ± 0.1;46.63 ± 1.70 to 52.4 ± 0.63, their acid values, TBA and PV values ranged from 1.42 ± 0.39 to 1.97 ± 0.5;0.11 ± 0.002 to 0.18 ± 0.04;and 2.72 ± 0.14 to 4.43 ± 0.36 respectively, with Brogdon avocado peel variety having the overall best properties prepared blends of trans-free APO margarines showed that increase in APO ratio decreased melting point, increased oxidative stability and reduced moisture content of margarine samples. Chitosan addition leads to decrease moisture content and increase functional properties. VCO lead to increase in phenolic and flavonoid content of the m

关键词： Food Waste Avocado Peels Extraction Oil Biological Activity Margarine Chitosan

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A Budd-Chiari Syndrome Due to C Protein Deficiency: A Case Report at YaoundéGeneral Hospital (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第4期14卷 117-124页

作者： Antonin wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Gilles Gael Aghoagni Gouajio Armel Awana Tenone Danah Larry Tangie Ngek Mathurin Kowo Firmin Andoulo Ankouane Elie Claude Ndjitoyap Ndam Department of Internal Medicine Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Came-roon Department of Internal Medicine and Peadiatrics Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buéa Buéa Cameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Sciences University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon

Primary Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is a spontaneously fatal disease characterized by an obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract due to thrombosis or a primary disease of the venous wall. The primary form of BCS is extremely rare. This is a disease mainly affecting young adults of both sexes. Clinical manifestations are variable;they can be asymptomatic, acute, or subacute but mostly chronic. Several causes have been identified, such as myeloproliferative syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and inherited thrombotic disorders. Data on primary BCS in Sub-Saharan Africa is rare as most publications available are case reports. In these reports, the causes are unknown with poor prognosis in most cases often leading to patient death. We herein present a case report of a male patient diagnosed with a primary BCS at Yaoundé General Hospital (Cameroon) caused by a Protein C deficiency who presented with ascites decompensating liver cirrhosis. Treatment was based on anticoagulants, diuretics and laxatives administration. Two years after the diagnosis, the patient is alive with clinical and paraclinical improvement.

关键词： Budd-Chiari Syndrome Hepatic Veins Liver Cirrhosis Protein C Deficiency Cameroon

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Factors Associated with Renal Impairment in Patients on Tenofovir for Chronic Hepatitis B in Yaoundé (Cameroon)

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Open Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第1期14卷 18-30页

作者： Antonin wilson Ndjitoyap Ndam Sonia Charlsia Ewuo Shu Mahamat Maimouna Winnie Bekolo Nga Isabelle Dang Babagna Paul Talla Mathurin Kowo Firmin Ankouane Andoulo Gloria Enow Ashuntantang Hepato Gastroenterologist Service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Internal Medicine Department Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences University of Yaoundé 1 Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Health Sciences University of Bamenda Bamenda Cameroon Nephrologist Service Yaoundé General Hospital Yaoundé Cameroon Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Hepato Gastroenterologist Service Centre Medical la Cathedrale Yaoundé Cameroon

Background: Tenofovir (TFV) is widely used to treat patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. But kidney abnormalities are the main concern using this drug. Few studies have described the renal impairment due to the TFV in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Sub-Saharan Africa. The objective was to evaluate factors associated with renal impairment observed in patients on TFV for CHB. Method: It was a hospital based cross sectional prospective study carried out from June 2023 to July 2023 in Yaoundé (Cameroon) and included any patient treated with TFV for CHB during at least a period of 6 months. For each participant, we collected in the medical report socio-demographic data, clinical data, baseline creatinine, treatment information (type of TFV which was Disoproxil Fumarate (TDF) or Alafenamide (TAF), duration). Then, we collected blood samples to measure serum creatinine and phosphate levels and urine dipstick analysis. Factors associated with renal impairment were assessed with the Odds Ratio. A p value of Results: A total of 60 participants were included. The median age was 44 years [36-55] and median duration of TFV therapy was 17.5 months [11.7-25.7]. The prevalence of reduced eGFR (Conclusion: Kidney function was impaired in some patients receiving TFV for CHB. It should be monitored, particularly after 36 months and for those receiving TDF prodrug.

关键词： Chronic Hepatitis B Tenofovir Factors Associated Renal Impairment Cameroon

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May Day Momentum

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Beijing Review 2024年第20期67卷 26-26页

作者： G.P.wilson 不详

This year's May Day holiday(May 1-5)experienced a surge in both domestic and outbound *** domestic tourism continued its rise,overseas destinations saw a return of Chinese *** 8.5 million exit and entry trips were mad... 详细信息

关键词： return travel continued

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LXI instrument development platform based on an open embedded operating system

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仪器仪表学报 2007年第5期28卷 788-791页

作者： Yu wilson Deovo Technologics Inc. 45 Bristol Rd.E Suite 21Mississauga ONCCanada L4Z 3P5

This paper introduces the architecture and components of LXI instrument development platform based on an open embedded operating system,which is a modular and configurable *** platform is a total solution to develop LXI instrument modules and *** the other hand,it also supports other types of instrument *** is a generic and efficient *** the end,this paper addresses the technical tends, challenges,and recormnends solutions.

关键词：开放式嵌入操作系统仪器扩展 LXI 技术对策 LAN接口

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Seasonal Variability of Rainfall and Thunderstorm Patterns in Kenya

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Journal of Atmospheric Science Research 2024年第1期7卷 106-117页

作者： Mary Kurgat wilson Gitau Department of Earth and Climate Sciences University of NairobiNairobi00100-30197Kenya

This paper presents an analysis of spatial and temporal variation of rainfall and thunderstorm occurrence over Ken-ya from January 1987 to December *** meteorological data used were obtained from the Kenya Meteorological Department(KMD)for the same *** included the monthly thunderstorm occurrences and rainfall amounts of 26 synoptic stations across the *** characteristics of monthly,seasonal and annual frequency results were presented on spatial maps while Time series graphs were used to display the pattern for annual cycle,seasonal varia-tions and the inter-annual variability of rainfall amounts and thunderstorm occurrences.A well-known non-parametric statistical method Mann Kendall(MK)trend test was used to determine and compare the statistical significance of the *** frequencies over the Eastern,Central and Coast regions of the country showed a bimodal pattern with high frequencies coinciding with March-April-May(MAM)and October-November-December(OND)rainy *** few thunderstorm days were detected over June-July-August(JJA)*** areas to the western part of the country,near Lake Victoria,had the highest thunderstorm frequencies in the country over the three seasons:MAM,JJAS and *** annual frequency showed a quasi-unimodal *** places near Lake Victoria showed sig-nificantly increasing thunderstorm trends during the MAM and OND seasons irrespective of the rainfall *** shows the effects of Lake Victoria over these areas,and it acts as a continuous source of moisture for thunderstorm ***,most stations across the country showed a reducing trend of thunderstorm frequency during MAM and JJA *** importance of these findings is that they could support various policy makers,and users of cli-mate information,especially in the agriculture and aviation industries.

关键词： Rainfall Thunderstorm Lake Victoria Kenya Mann Kendall

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Insights from a Brief Study of Renal Calculi:Recent Diagnostic and Treatment Approaches

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Journal of Bio-X Research 2024年第1期7卷 8-19页

作者： Aashish Kumar Rajat Goyal Kajal Garg Sumeet Gupta Kashish wilson Hitesh Chopra MM College of Pharmacy Maharishi Markandeshwar(Deemed to be University)Mullana-AmbalaHaryana 133207India Lal Chand Mal College of Education JhansaKurukshetraHaryana 136130India Department of Biosciences Saveetha School of EngineeringSaveetha Institute of Medical and Technical SciencesChennaiTamil Nadu 602105India

Background:Renal calculi,commonly known as kidney stones,is a prevalent urological condition that affects a substantial portion of the population *** formation of kidney stones is a complex process influenced by various factors,including diet,fluid intake,genetics,and metabolic *** pathogenesis of renal calculi involves a complex interplay of multiple factors,including supersaturation of urine with stone-forming constituents,urinary supersaturation,crystallization,and ***:This review aims to provide an overview of the present understanding of renal calculi,their pathophysiology,diagnostic approaches,and available treatment ***:This review discusses the different types of kidney stones,such as calcium oxalate,calcium phosphate,uric acid,and struvite stones,and explores their formation mechanisms and associated risk *** management of renal calculi relies on stone characteristics,patient symptoms,stone size,and ***,counseling and education regarding lifestyle modifications and risk factor management are essential for long-term ***:Accurate diagnosis and appropriate management based on stone characteristics and patient symptoms are essential for successful *** strategies to reduce stone recurrence are vital for long-term management and patient ***,further research is needed to refine diagnostic techniques,improve treatment options,and enhance the understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of renal calculi.

关键词： diagnosis urine treatment

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Current status and future directions of high-throughput ADME screening in drug discovery

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2020年第3期10卷 201-208页

作者： wilson Z.Shou Bristol-Myers Squibb PO Box 4000PrincetonNJ08540USA

During the last decade high-throughput in vitro absorption,distribution,metabolism and excretion(HTADME)screening has become an essential part of any drug discovery effort of synthetic *** conduct of HT-ADME screening has been"industrialized"due to the extensive development of software and automation tools in cell culture,assay incubation,sample analysis and data *** HT-ADME assay portfolio continues to expand in emerging areas such as drug-transporter interactions,early soft spot identification,and ADME screening of peptide drug ***,thanks to the very large and high-quality HT-ADME data sets available in many biopharma companies,in silico prediction of ADME properties using machine learning has also gained much momentum in recent *** this review,we discuss the current state-of-the-art practices in HT-ADME screening including assay portfolio,assay automation,sample analysis,data processing,and prediction model *** addition,we also offer perspectives in future development of this exciting field.

关键词： In vitro HT-ADME Automation Bioanalysis Mass spectrometry Acoustic ejection mass spectrometry

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More evidence intratumoral DHT synthesis drives castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第1期16卷 99-100页

作者： Elizabeth M wilson Laboratories for Reproductive Biology Department of Pediatrics Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics University of North Carolina

Again-of-function stabilizing somatic mutation in 3β-hydroxysteroiddehydrogenase type 1 （3βHSDI, HSD3B1） was reported in castration-resistant prostate cancer. The A-C nucleotide polymorphism replaced asparagine-367 with threonine （3βHSD1-N367T） as a homozygous somatic mutation in a subset of castration-resistant prostate cancers by loss of heterozygosity of the wild-type allele. Increased stability of 3[HSD I-N367T was associated with decreased ubiquitin-mediated degradation and higher levels of dihydrotestosterone （DHT）. The studies suggest that genetic instability in castration-resistant prostate cancer favors the more stable 313HSD I-N367T mutant that contributes to drug resistance. A somatic mutation in a steroid metabolic enzyme required for DHT synthesis provides further support for intratumoral androgen synthesis contributing to prostate cancer progression.

关键词： 3-BETA-HYDROXYSTEROID DEHYDROGENASE ANDROGEN RECEPTOR STEROIDOGENESIS DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE ABIRATERONE

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Can dietary flavonoids be useful in the personalized treatment of colorectal cancer?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2022年第6期14卷 1115-1123页

作者： Cristina Pereira-wilson Department of Biology Centre of Biological EngineeringLABBELS Associate LaboratoryUniversity of MinhoBraga 4710-057Portugal

Activating mutations in the oncogenes KRAS,BRAF and PI3K define molecular colorectal cancer(CRC)subtypes because they play key roles in promoting CRC development and in determining the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal *** of patients with cancers displaying these molecular profiles is *** the limited efficacy of therapeutic strategies for CRC presenting mutational activations in mitogen-activated protein kinase and/or PI3K pathways,developing combination therapies with natural flavonoids or other phytochemicals with demonstrated effects on these pathways(and little or no toxic effects)may constitute a valuable path *** has been published on the anticancer effects of dietary ***,even an exhaustive characterization of potential beneficial effects produced by in vitro studies cannot be extrapolated to effects in *** far,the available data constitute a good starting *** results show quercetin and curcumin as possibly the best candidates to be further explored in the context of adjuvant CRC therapy either as part of dietary prescriptions or as purified compounds in combination regimens with the drugs currently used in CRC *** trial data is still largely missing and is urgently needed to verify relevant effects and for the development of more personalized treatment approaches.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Personalized treatment Quercetin Curcumin KRAS BRAF

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