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Microglial dysfunction and genetic risk for neurodegenerative disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1401-1402页

作者： Debra s.MacDonald jay Penney Department of Biomedical sciences AVCUniversity of Prince Edward IslandCharlottetownPECanada

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases a re increasing in prevalence as world populations *** tremendous progress has been made,our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the development of these diseases remains far from com *** troubling,despite the growing emotional and financial toll being to ken by neurodegenerative disorders,existing treatment options are limited almost exclusively to those that help manage symptoms but that lack the ability to alter the progression of the disease(Liu et al.,2022).

关键词： degenerative diseases

Barriers and motivators to the adoption of electric vehicles:A global review

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Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation 2024年第2期3卷 79-88页

作者： Apurva Pamidimukkala sharareh Kermanshachi jay Michael Rosenberger Greg Hladik Assistant Professor of Research Department of Civil EngineeringUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA Professor Department of Civil EngineeringUniversity of Texas at ArlingtonArlingtonTX 76019USA Department of Industrial Engineering University of Texas at Arlington(UTA)Woolf HallArlingtonTX 76019USA Executive Director Auxiliary services University of Texas at Arlington710 S.Davis DriveArlingtonTX76019USA

Electric vehicles(EVs)have the potential to mitigate the severity of significant concerns including environmental pollution and reliance on fossil fuels;however,despite strong governmental promotional efforts,their market penetration is still at the nascent *** paper empirically investigates the factors that affect the consumers'intention to adopt EVs by conducting an exhaustive literature *** initial search resulted in 1,690 publications,but after a thorough exclusion process,537 articles were deemed relevant and were sorted by source,publication year,country of origin,data collection method,and research *** results revealed the influential factors over individuals’desire to adopt an EV were categorized into four main types(contextual,situational,demographic,and psychological);situational factors,that can act as both barriers and motivators,had the most influencing *** most cited barriers to adoption of EVs were found to be the lack of charging stations availability and their limited driving *** most cited motivators to EV adoption were found to be reduction in air pollution and the availability of policy *** findings of this study may guide policymakers in formulating effective transportation and energy policies,as well as provide guidance to those who are responsible for designing EVs that fit the needs and demands of potential consumers.

关键词： Electric vehicles sustainability Adoption Policies Barriers Motivators

Uncovering the dominant contribution of intermediate volatility compounds in secondary organic aerosol formation from biomass-burning emissions

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National science Review 2024年第3期11卷 150-158页

作者： Kun Li Jun Zhang David M.Bell Tiantian Wang Houssni Lamkaddam Tianqu Cui Lu Qi Mihnea surdu Dongyu Wang Lin Du Imad El Haddad jay G.slowik Andre s.H.Prevot Environment Research Institute Shandong University Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institute

Organic vapors from biomass burning are a major source of secondary organic aerosols(sOAs). Previous smog chamber studies found that the sOA contributors in biomass-burning emissions are mainly volatile organic compounds(VOCs). While intermediate volatility organic compounds(IVOCs) are efficient sOA precursors and contribute a considerable fraction of biomass-burning emissions, their contribution to sOA formation has not been directly observed. Here, by deploying a newly-developed oxidation flow reactor to study sOA formation from wood burning, we find that IVOCs can contribute ～70% of the formed sOA, i.e.>2 times more than VOCs. This previously missing sOA fraction is interpreted to be due to the high wall losses of semi-volatile oxidation products of IVOCs in smog chambers. The finding in this study reveals that sOA production from biomass burning is much higher than previously thought, and highlights the urgent need for more research on the IVOCs from biomass burning and potentially other emission sources.

关键词： atmospheric chemistry biomass burning secondary organic aerosol intermediate volatility organic compounds

A Game-Theoretic Approach to safe Crowd Evacuation in Emergencies

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 1631-1657页

作者： Maria Gul Imran Ali Khan Gohar Zaman Atta Rahman Jamaluddin Mir sardar Asad Ali Biabani may IssaAldossary Mustafa Youldash Ashraf saadeldeen Maqsood Mahmud Asiya Abdus salam Dania Alkhulaifi Abdullah AlTurkey31Department of Computer science COMSATS University IslamabadAbbottabad CampusAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer science Abbottabad University of Science and TechnologyAbbottabad22010Pakistan Department of Computer science College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia science and Technology Unit Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Deanship of scientific Research Umm Al-Qura UniversityMakkah21955Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Information systems College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer Science and Information TechnologyImam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal UniversityP.O.Box 1982Dammam31441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer science Faculty of Computer Science and Information TechnologyOmdurman Islamic UniversityOmdurman14415Sudan Business Analytic Program Department of Management and MarketingCollege of Business AdministrationUniversity of BahrainSakhir32038Bahrain

Obstacle removal in crowd evacuation is critical to safety and the evacuation system efficiency. Recently, manyresearchers proposed game theoreticmodels to avoid and remove obstacles for crowd evacuation. Game theoreticalmodels aim to study and analyze the strategic behaviors of individuals within a crowd and their interactionsduring the evacuation. Game theoretical models have some limitations in the context of crowd evacuation. Thesemodels consider a group of individuals as homogeneous objects with the same goals, involve complex mathematicalformulation, and cannot model real-world scenarios such as panic, environmental information, crowds that movedynamically, etc. The proposed work presents a game theoretic model integrating an agent-based model to removethe obstacles from exits. The proposed model considered the parameters named: (1) obstacle size, length, andwidth, (2) removal time, (3) evacuation time, (4) crowd density, (5) obstacle identification, and (6) route *** proposed work conducts various experiments considering different conditions, such as obstacle types, obstacleremoval, and several obstacles. Evaluation results show the proposed model’s effectiveness compared with existingliterature in reducing the overall evacuation time, cell selection, and obstacle removal. The study is potentially usefulfor public safety situations such as emergency evacuations during disasters and calamities.

关键词： safe crowd evacuation public safety emergency transition probability cooperation

Neuropsychological detection and prediction using machine learning algorithms:a comprehensive review

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 177-187页

作者： Manan shah Ananya shandilya Kirtan Patel Manya Mehta jay sanghavi Aum Pandya Department of Chemical Engineering School of Energy TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagarGujaratIndia Walt Whitman High school BethesdaMarylandUSA st.Kabir school AhmedabadGujaratIndia Anand Niketan school AhmedabadGujaratIndia Department of Computer Engineering School of TechnologyPandit Deendayal Energy UniversityGandhinagarGujaratIndia

Neuropsychological disorders(e.g.,dementia,epilepsy,brain cancer,autism,stroke,and multiple sclerosis)ad-versely affect the quality of life of patients and their families;moreover,in some instances,they may lead to loss of *** primary aim was to evaluate and compare the use of machine learning in neuropsychological research in contrast to traditional approaches such as through case *** was achieved by referring to earlier studies on this *** article presented the use of support vector machines(sVMs)and convolu-tional neural networks(CNN)for detecting and predicting neuropsychological diseases,such as dementia and Alzheimer’s *** in using these models include data availability,quality,variability,model inter-pretability,and *** findings have demonstrated the potential of these models in this *** has been shown that sVM models are robust and efficient in processing and classifying data,particularly in neuroimaging applications,such as magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).CNNs have excelled in handling visual input;thus,they have been used in neuroimaging segregation,recognition,and classification,with applications in brain tumor segmentation,radiation therapy,robotic neurosurgery,and disease *** research will explore asymmetric differences among left-and right-handed patients,incorporate longitudinal studies,and utilize larger sample *** use of machine learning models has the potential to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of neuropsychological diseases,allowing for early detection and *** approach could offer significant advantages to healthcare,such as cost-effective diagnosis and treatment,to help save lives and preserve the quality of life of patients.

关键词： Machine learning Neuropsychological support vector machine Convolution neural network

Adherence to Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices in diabetes mellitus patients in saudi Arabia:A multicenter retrospective study

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第3期15卷 440-454页

作者： saleh Fahad Alqifari Aya K Esmail Dalal M Alarifi Ghalya Y Alsuliman Maram M Alhati may R Mutlaq Mohammed Aldhaeefi shaden A Alshuaibi Palanisamy Amirthalingam Abrar Abdallah Afaf s Wasel Heba R Hamad shoroq Alamin Tasneem H Atia Tariq Alqahtani Department of Pharmacy Practice University of TabukTabuk 71491Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical sciences Sulaiman Alrajhi UniversityQassim 52726Saudi Arabia Department of Family Medicine International Medical CenterJeddah 23214Saudi Arabia Clinical and Administrative Pharmacy sciences College of PharmacyHoward UniversityWashingtonDC 20059United States Department of Pharmacology King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesKing Abdullah International Medical Research CenterRiyadh 11481Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)are predisposed to an increased risk of infection signifying the importance of vaccination to protect against its potentially severe *** Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices(CDC/ACIP)issued immunization recommendations to protect this patient *** To assess the adherence of patients with DM to the CDC/ACIP immunization recommendations in saudi Arabia and to identify the factors associated with the vaccine adherence *** An observational retrospective study conducted in 2023 was used to collect data on the vaccination records from 13 diabetes care centers in saudi Arabia with 1000 eligible patients in phase I with data collected through chart review and 709 patients in phase II through online *** Among participants,10.01%(n=71)had never received any vaccine,while 85.89%(n=609)received at least one dose of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)vaccine,and 34.83%(n=247)had received the annual influenza *** 2.96%(n=21),2.11%(n=15),and 1.12%(n=8)received herpes zoster,tetanus,diphtheria,and pertussis(Tdap),and human papillomavirus(HPV)vaccines,*** patients with DM in saudi Arabia,the rate of vaccination for annual influenza and COVID-19 vaccines was higher compared to other vaccinations such as herpes zoster,Tdap,pneumococcal,and *** such as vaccine recommendations provided by family physicians or specialists,site of care,income level,DM-related hospitalization history,residency site,hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level,and health sector type can significantly influence the vaccination rate in patients with *** non-vaccinated patients with DM,the most reported barriers were lack of knowledge and fear of side *** signifies the need for large-scale research in this area to identify additional factors that might facilitate adherence to CDC/ACIP vaccine recommendations in patients with *** In s

关键词： Diabetes mellitus Vaccine recommendation COVID-19 vaccine Influenza vaccine Pneumococcal vaccine Immunization Retrospective study

First evidence for chiral wobbling of triaxial nuclei

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Nuclear science and Techniques 2024年第7期35卷 4-7页

作者： s.Frauendorf Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Notre DameNotre DameIN 46556USA

Chirality(Greek“handiness”)is a property of many com-plex *** molecules exist in two forms,one being the mirror image of the *** for our hands,it is impossible to make the images identical by a suitable *** two forms are called left-handed and *** have the same binding energy,because the electro-magnetic interaction,which holds the molecule together,does not change under a *** properties that are insensitive to the geometry are also the *** different geometry is the reason why the left-handed form turns the polarization plane of transmitted light in one direction by some angle while the right-handed form turns it in the oppo-site direction by the same ***,the geometrical differences between the two species.may have other *** two species of the carvon molecule shown in Fig.1 taste quite differently.

关键词： turns Chiral mirror

Detection and clearance in Alzheimer’s disease: leading with illusive chemical, structural and morphological features of the targets

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 497-498页

作者： Luís Gales i3s−Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em saúde Rua Alfredo AllenPortoPortugal(Gales L)IBMC−Instituto de Biologia Molecular e CelularUniversidade do PortoRua Alfredo AllenPortoPortugal ICBAs−Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel salazar Rua de Jorge Viterbo FerreiraPortoPortugal

Highly specific interactions between biomolecules,such as antigen-antibody,protein-ligand,or nucleic acid base pair complementary are on the basis of the organization of complex *** same principles.may be tentatively used in molecular medicine for diagnosis and therapeutics.A molecule can be designed to selectively bind a protease and thereby inhibit the production of a peptide that forms toxic aggregates in the brain or an antibody may be produced to bind specifically to that peptide for detection or clearance ***,interference in biological systems is not that *** a start there is the inhibition of the physiological role of the protease;moreover,several cleavage fragments.may be produced,which may continue to diverge due to putative post-translational modification and self-assembly processes,hiding the toxic target in a“soup”of peptide species varying in size,structure and chemical composition.A perspective of the current status and challenges in targeting peptide species for diagnosis and treatment in the context of Alzheimer’s disease is given.

关键词： Alzheimer diagnosis thereby

Oral transforming growth factor-beta receptor 1 inhibitor vactosertib promotes osteosarcoma regression by targeting tumor proliferation and enhancing anti-tumor immunity

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Cancer Communications 2024年第8期44卷 884-888页

作者： sung Hee Choi jay Thomas Myers suzanne Louise Tomchuck Melissa Bonner saada Eid Daniel Tyler Kingsley Kristen Ashley Van Heyst seong-Jin Kim Byung-Gyu Kim Alex Yee-Chen Huang Department of Pediatrics CaseWestern Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Case Comprehensive Cancer Center CaseWestern Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA Department of Pathology CaseWestern Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA MedPacto Inc. SeoulRepublic of Korea Center for Pediatric Immunotherapy Angie Fowler AYA Cancer InstituteUH Rainbow Babies and Children’s HospitalClevelandOhioUSA

Osteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant bone sarcoma common among children,adolescents,and young *** 20%of patients present with pulmonary metastasis,and an additional 40%develop pulmonary osteosarcoma *** survival ou... 详细信息

关键词： osteosarcoma immunity patients