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水晶宫殿

科技新时代（上半月） 2007年第7期 12-13页

作者： KALEE THOMPSON javier trueba（图）

在被一家采矿公司抽干了水后，一个地下洞穴向人们展示了自然的神奇。

关键词：水晶宫殿地下洞穴

Origin of nucleation and growth of extension twins in grains unsuitably oriented for twinning during deformation of Mg-1%Al

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1186-1203页

作者： Biaobiao Yang javier LLorca IMDEA Materials Institute C/Eric Kandel 2GetafeMadrid 28906Spain Department of Materials Science Polytechnic University of Madrid/Universidad Politécnica de MadridE.T.S.de Ingenieros de CaminosMadrid 28040Spain

A large number of anomalous extension twins,with low or even negative twinning Schmid factors,were found to nucleate and grow in a strongly textured Mg-1Al alloy during tensile deformation along the extruded *** deformation mechanisms responsible for this behaviour were investigated through in-situ electron back-scattered diffraction,grain reference orientation deviation,and slip trace-modified lattice *** was found that anomalous extension twins nucleated mainly at the onset of plastic deformation at or near grain boundary triple *** were associated with the severe strain incompatibility between neighbour grains as a result from the differentbasal slip-induced lattice ***,the anomalous twins were able to grow with the applied strain due to the continuous activation ofbasal slip in different neighbour grains,which enhanced the strain *** results reveal the complexity of the deformation mechanisms in Mg alloys at the local level when deformed along hard orientations.

关键词： Magnesium Extension twinning In-situ electron back-scattered diffraction basal slip Deformation mechanisms.

Contributions to the knowledge of Antarctodon sobrali(Mammalia:Astrapotheria)from the Eocene of Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 48-62页

作者： javier N.GELFO Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicasy Técnicas(CONICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La PlataFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La PlataUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina

The Astrapotheria constitutes one of the five orders of extinct South American native ungulates,with a fossil record that also extends to the Eocene of the Antarctic *** contrast to the abundant specimens known for litoptern Sparnotheriodontidae and metatherians,astrapotheres are represented by scant remains assigned to the endemic Antarctodon sobrali and indeterminate astrapotheres,restricted to levels 35C_(u0)and 35n of the Cucullaea I Allomember of the La Meseta *** discovery of alower molar assignable to this species in the Eocene levels of Seymour(Marambio)Island,enables a revision of the diagnosis and the homologies of the dental characters used to describe this taxon.A reanalysis of its phylogenetic relationships reveals the nearly simultaneous presence of basal astrapotheres in the early Eocene of Itaboraí(Brazil),Patagonia,and West *** taxa are characterized by lacking dental specializations usually associated with more abrasive diets like terminal forms of Uruguaytheriinae and *** appears to have thrived on the Antarctic continent during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum within the paleoclimatic context of a hot-house *** present conditions in Antarctica where no terrestrial mammals inhabit,the early Eocene climate was characterized by warmer temperatures and a biologically diverse environment rich in primary producers,dominated by Nothofagus forests,encompassing both deciduous and evergreen forests,which supported a diverse assemblage of continental vertebrates.

关键词： Astrapotheria Antarctodon Eocene Seymour Island La Meseta Formation

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Arabidopsis photoperiodic regulator CONSTANS feeds back to control the circadian clock

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1338-1340页

作者： Abril San Martin Marcelo javier Yanovsky Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires(Fundacion Instituto Leloir-CONICET) Av.Patricias Argentinas 435Buenos AiresC1405BWE

Human beings live in a world defined by daily cycles of light and darkness caused by the Earth's rotation around its ***,like most living organisms,have evolved internal circadian clocks that time biological processes in anticipation of these daily environmental changes(Young and Kay,2001).The plant clock relies on core genes encoding transcription factors(TFs),which regulate each other's expression through intricate networks of interlocking transcriptional-translational feedback loops(Nohales and Kay,2016).These loops ultimately control the expression of thousands of genes,allowing plants to adapt to daily fluctuations in light,temperature,and humidity(Covington et al.,2008).In addition to daily rhythms,the Earth experiences yearly seasonal cycles marked by longer,warmer days in spring and summer,followed by shorter,cooler days in autumn and *** changes in day length and temperature intensify with distance from the ***,the ability of plants to adjust their growth and development in anticipation of seasonal changes determines their latitudinal distribution(McMillan,1960).

关键词： circadian seasonal Arabidopsis

From the mathematical model to the patient: The scientific and human aspects of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1517-1520页

作者： javier Arredondo Montero Department of Pediatric Surgery Complejo Asistencial Universitario de LeónCastilla y LeónLeón 24008Spain

Recent medical literature shows that the application of artificial intelligence(AI)models in gastrointestinal pathology is an exponentially growing field,with pro-mising models that show very high *** inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),recent reviews demonstrate promising diagnostic and prognostic AI ***,studies are generally at high risk of bias(especially in AI models that are image-based).The creation of specific AI models that improve diagnostic performance and allow the establishment of a general prognostic fo-recast in IBD is of great interest,as it may allow the stratification of patients into subgroups and,in turn,allow the creation of different diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for these *** surgical models,predictive models of post-operative complications have shown great potential in large-scale *** this work,the authors present the development of a predictive algorithm for early post-surgical complications in Crohn's disease based on a Random Forest model with exceptional predictive ability for complications within the *** pre-sent work,based on logical and reasoned,clinical,and applicable aspects,lays a solid foundation for future prospective work to further develop post-surgical prognostic tools for *** next step is to develop in a prospective and mul-ticenter way,a collaborative path to optimize this line of research and make it applicable to our patients.

关键词： Survivor bias Data analysis Machine learning Ethics Critical thinking Postsurgical Complications Inflammatory bowel disease Gastrointestinal surgery

Improved organs at risk segmentation based on modified U‐Net with self‐attention and consistency regularisation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 850-865页

作者： Maksym Manko Anton Popov Juan Manuel Gorriz javier Ramirez Electronic Engineering Department Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic InstituteKyivUkraine Department of Signal Theory Telematics and CommunicationsUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world,with radiotherapy as one of the treatment *** planning starts with delineating the affected area from healthy organs,called organs at risk(OAR).A new approach to automatic OAR seg-mentation in the chest cavity in Computed Tomography(CT)images is *** proposed approach is based on the modified U‐Net architecture with the ResNet‐34 encoder,which is the baseline adopted in this *** new two‐branch CS‐SA U‐Net architecture is proposed,which consists of two parallel U‐Net models in which self‐attention blocks with cosine similarity as query‐key similarity function(CS‐SA)blocks are inserted between the encoder and decoder,which enabled the use of con-sistency *** proposed solution demonstrates state‐of‐the‐art performance for the problem of OAR segmentation in CT images on the publicly available SegTHOR benchmark dataset in terms of a Dice coefficient(oesophagus-0.8714,heart-0.9516,trachea-0.9286,aorta-0.9510)and Hausdorff distance(oesophagus-0.2541,heart-0.1514,trachea-0.1722,aorta-0.1114)and significantly outperforms the *** current approach is demonstrated to be viable for improving the quality of OAR segmentation for radiotherapy planning.

关键词： 3‐D computer vision deep learning deep neural networks image segmentation medical image processing object segmentation

Radiative loss of coherence in free electrons:a long-range quantum phenomenon

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 294-301页

作者： Cruz I.Velasco Valerio Di Giulio F.javier García de Abajo ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology08860Castelldefels(Barcelona)Spain ICREA-InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Passeig Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain

Quantum physics rules the dynamics of small objects as they interact over microscopic length ***,quantum correlations involving macroscopic distances can be observed between entangled photons as well as in atomic gases and matter waves at low *** long-range nature of the electromagnetic coupling between charged particles and extended objects could also trigger quantum phenomena over large ***,we reveal a manifestation of quantum mechanics that involves macroscopic distances and results in a nearly complete depletion of coherence associated with which-way free-electron interference produced by electron-radiation coupling in the presence of distant extended *** is a ubiquitous effect that we illustrate through a rigorous theoretical analysis of a two-path electron beam interacting with a semi-infinite metallic plate and find the inter-path coherence to vanish proportionally to the path separation at zero temperature and exponentially at finite *** investigated regime of large distances originates in the coupling of the electron to radiative modes assisted by diffraction at material structures but without any involvement of material *** the fundamental interest of this macroscopic quantum phenomenon,our results suggest an approach to measuring the vacuum temperature and nondestructively sensing the presence of distant objects.

关键词： temperature quantum macroscopic

The effect of slime accumulated in a long-term operating UASB using crude glycerol to treat S-rich wastewater

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 353-366页

作者： Xudong Zhou Eva Fernández-Palacios Antoni DDorado javier Lafuente Xavier Gamisans David Gabriel Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China GENOCOV Research Group Department of ChemicalBiological and Environmental EngineeringEscola d’EnginyeriaUniversitat Autònoma de Barcelona08193 BellaterraSpain Department of Mining Industrial and ICT EngineeringUniversitat Politècnica de CatalunyaAvinguda de les Bases de Manresa 61-7308242 ManresaSpain

An up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket(UASB)reactor targeting sulfate reduction was operated under a constant TOC/S-SO2-4ratio of 1.5±0.3 g C/g S for 639 days using crude glycerol as carbon source.A filamentous and fluffy flocculant material,namely slime-like substances(SLS),was gradually accumulated in the bioreactor after the cease of methanogenic *** accumulation of SLS was followed by a decrease in the removal efficiencies and a deterioration in the *** characteristics of SLS were investigated to explore the causes of its formation and the effect of SLS on the UASB *** showed that glycerol fermentation and sulfate reduction processes taking place in the reactor were mainly accomplished in the bottom part of the UASB reactor,as the sludge concentration in the bottom was *** accumulation of SLS in the UASB reactor caused sludge flotation that further led to biomass washout,which decreased the sulfate and glycerol removal *** activity tests performed with granular sludge(GS),slime-covered granular sludge(SCGS)and SLS showed that there was no difference between GS and SLS in the mechanism of glycerol fermentation and sulfate ***,the specific sulfate reduction rate of GS was higher than that of SLS,while SLS showed a higher glycerol fermentation rate than that of *** different rates in GS and SLS were attributed to the higher relative abundances of fermentative microorganisms found in SLS and higher relative abundances of sulfate reducing bacteria(SRB)found in GS.

关键词： Sludge flotation Granular sludge Slime-like substances Glycerol fermentation Sulfate reduction Removal efficiency

Characterization of conception drawing in architecture to face technological mediations

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2024年第3期13卷 425-438页

作者： Hugo C.Gomez-Tone javier F.Raposo Grau Departamento de Ideación Gráfica Arquitectónica Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadrid 28040Spain Departamento de Arquitectura Universidad Nacional de San Agustín de ArequipaArequipa 04001Peru

The conception drawing in architecture is that allows to initiate the architectural thinking,visualizing,and discovering the first *** drawing has traditionally been given as an act of linking and collaboration between thought,sight,and the movement of the hands with a *** and recognizing its characteristics will make it possible to deal with any mediation of information *** establish such characteristics,three case studies were carried *** analysis was made of the conception drawings and interviews by the Pritzker Prize laureates:Ando,Hadid and *** condition and four characteristics have been determined:drawing is a phenomenological action that produces haptic drawings;it is an undecided process that originates unformed drawings;it is a fast action that results in small and multiplied drawings;it is a perceptual act that generates redrawn and remarked drawings;and finally,it is an action that seeks to remember to resume the creative process at another moment,which produces rudimentary conventional *** these before any technological mediation will be an important pedagogical contribution that will allow future architects not to alter the cognitive processes that generate the first ideas in the initial moments of the architectural project.

关键词： Conception drawing Architectural thinking Graphic ideation Concept Creativity