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Elasto-inertial focusing and particle migration in high aspect ratio microchannels for highthroughput separation

Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 381-394页

作者： Selim Tanriverdi javier cruz Shahriar Habibi Kasra Amini Martim Costa Fredrik Lundell Gustaf Mårtensson Luca Brandt Outi Tammisola Aman Russom Division of Nanobiotechnology Department of Protein ScienceScience for Life LaboratoryKTH Royal Institute of TechnologySolna 17165Sweden Division of Microsystems Technology Department of Materials Science and EngineeringUppsala UniversityUppsala 75237Sweden FLOW and SeRC(Swedish e-Science Research Centre) Department of Engineering MechanicsRoyal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE 10044Sweden FLOW and Fluid Physics Laboratory Department of Engineering MechanicsRoyal Institute of TechnologyStockholmSweden Wallenberg Wood Science Center Royal Institute of TechnologyStockholm SE 10044Sweden Department of Energy and Process Engineering Norwegian University of Science and Technology(NTNU)TrondheimNorway AIMES Center for the Advancement of Integrated Medical and Engineering Sciences at Karolinska Institutet and KTH Royal Institute of Technology StockholmSweden

The combination of flow elasticity and inertia has emerged as a viable tool for focusing and manipulating particles using *** there is considerable interest in the field of elasto-inertial microfluidics owing to its potential applications,research on particle focusing has been mostly limited to low Reynolds numbers(Re<1),and particle migration toward equilibrium positions has not been extensively *** this work,we thoroughly studied particle focusing on the dynamic range of flow rates and particle migration using straight microchannels with a single inlet high aspect *** initially explored several parameters that had an impact on particle focusing,such as the particle size,channel dimensions,concentration of viscoelastic fluid,and flow *** experimental work covered a wide range of dimensionless numbers(0.05

关键词： particle separation straight

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Targeted nanoparticles for the non-invasive detection of traumatic brain injury by optical imaging and fluorine magnetic resonance imaging

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Nano Research 2016年第5期9卷 1276-1289页

作者： Luis javier cruz Ivo Que Markus Aswendt Alan Chan Mathias Hoehn Clemens Lowik Nanomedicine and Molecular Imaging Department of Radiology Leiden University Medical Center 2333ZA Leiden the Netherlands In-Vivo-NMR Laboratory Max Planck Institute for Neurological Research Cologne D-50931 Cologne Germany Percuros 7522NB Enschede the Netherlands

Necrosis is a form of cell death that occurs only under pathological conditions such as ischemic diseases and traumatic brain injury （TBI）. Non-invasive imaging of the affected tissue is a key component of novel therapeutic interventions and measurement of treatment responses in patients. Here, we report a bimodal approach for the detection and monitoring of TBI. PEGylated poly（lactic-coglycolic acid）（PLGA） nanoparticles （NPs）, encapsulating both near infrared （NIR） fluorophores and perfluorocarbons （PFCs）, were targeted to necrotic ceils. We used cyanine dyes such as IRDye 800CW, for which we have previously demonstrated specific targeting to intracellular proteins of cells that have lost membrane integrity. Here, we show specific in vivo detection of necrosis by optical imaging and fluorine magnetic resonance imaging （^19F MRI） using newly designed PLGA NP（NIR700 ＋ PFC）-PEG-800CW. Quantitative ex vivo optical imaging and ^19F MR spectroscopy of NIR-PFC content in injured brain regions and in major organs were well correlated. Both modalities allowed the in vivo identification of necrotic brain lesions in a mouse model of TBI, with optical imaging being more sensitive than ^19F MRI. Our results confirm increased blood pool residence time of PLGA NPs coated with a PEG layer and the successful targeting of TBI-damaged tissue. A single PLGA NP containing NIR-PFC enables both rapid qualitative optical monitoring of the TBI state and quantitative 3D information from deeper tissues on the extent of the lesion by MRI. These necrosis-targeting PLGA NPs can potentially be used for clinical diagnosis of brain injuries.

关键词： imaging nanoparticles contrast agents magnetic resonance imaging brain injury stroke

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Radiative loss of coherence in free electrons:a long-range quantum phenomenon

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第2期13卷 294-301页

作者： cruz I.Velasco Valerio Di Giulio F.javier García de Abajo ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology08860Castelldefels(Barcelona)Spain ICREA-InstitucióCatalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats Passeig Lluís Companys 2308010BarcelonaSpain

Quantum physics rules the dynamics of small objects as they interact over microscopic length ***,quantum correlations involving macroscopic distances can be observed between entangled photons as well as in atomic gases and matter waves at low *** long-range nature of the electromagnetic coupling between charged particles and extended objects could also trigger quantum phenomena over large ***,we reveal a manifestation of quantum mechanics that involves macroscopic distances and results in a nearly complete depletion of coherence associated with which-way free-electron interference produced by electron-radiation coupling in the presence of distant extended *** is a ubiquitous effect that we illustrate through a rigorous theoretical analysis of a two-path electron beam interacting with a semi-infinite metallic plate and find the inter-path coherence to vanish proportionally to the path separation at zero temperature and exponentially at finite *** investigated regime of large distances originates in the coupling of the electron to radiative modes assisted by diffraction at material structures but without any involvement of material *** the fundamental interest of this macroscopic quantum phenomenon,our results suggest an approach to measuring the vacuum temperature and nondestructively sensing the presence of distant objects.

关键词： temperature quantum macroscopic

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Origin of nucleation and growth of extension twins in grains unsuitably oriented for twinning during deformation of Mg-1%Al

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1186-1203页

作者： Biaobiao Yang javier LLorca IMDEA Materials Institute C/Eric Kandel 2GetafeMadrid 28906Spain Department of Materials Science Polytechnic University of Madrid/Universidad Politécnica de MadridE.T.S.de Ingenieros de CaminosMadrid 28040Spain

A large number of anomalous extension twins,with low or even negative twinning Schmid factors,were found to nucleate and grow in a strongly textured Mg-1Al alloy during tensile deformation along the extruded *** deformation mechanisms responsible for this behaviour were investigated through in-situ electron back-scattered diffraction,grain reference orientation deviation,and slip trace-modified lattice *** was found that anomalous extension twins nucleated mainly at the onset of plastic deformation at or near grain boundary triple *** were associated with the severe strain incompatibility between neighbour grains as a result from the differentbasal slip-induced lattice ***,the anomalous twins were able to grow with the applied strain due to the continuous activation ofbasal slip in different neighbour grains,which enhanced the strain *** results reveal the complexity of the deformation mechanisms in Mg alloys at the local level when deformed along hard orientations.

关键词： Magnesium Extension twinning In-situ electron back-scattered diffraction basal slip Deformation mechanisms.

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The Astrophysical Processes of Cosmological Hydrogen that Generate the Chemical Elements that Make up the Universe

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Natural Science 2021年第3期13卷 103-116页

作者： M. javier cruz Gómez Salvador Galindo Uribarri Olga B. Benítez López Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares Ocoyoacac México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Ciudad de México México

The objective of the present article is to explain how all the chemical elements were formed from the big bang generated element: hydrogen. The methodology used was to analyze the main cosmological and astrophysical processes in order to explain the origin of all the known chemical elements. The main results are: Hydrogen cannot be formed in any part of the actual universe;it must come from the Big Bang. Helium and a little bit of lithium can have a cosmological origin associated to the Big Bang nucleosynthesis and the recombination process. The elements with an atomic number between 3 and 26 were, and continue to be, synthetized by nuclear fusion reactions inside the core of massive stars and liberated by explosion when the stars go supernovae, at the end of their lives. In the process of going supernova, elements with a medium atomic number, between 27 and 40, are created. All the elements with an atomic number larger than 40 were generated by neutron star collisions. When Mendeleev and Lothar Meyer designed an ordered arrangement of chemical elements, their tables included the 63 chemical elements known in 1869. A century and a half later, the known elements are 118. By studying different topics related to the elements, it was possible to uncover fundamental particles, such as quarks and leptons, and the strong and weak nuclear forces that form the baryonic part of the universe. The Sun was formed 6000 million years ago and its planets, including earth, were formed 4600 million years ago when and where there were debris of different stars that went supernova, in particular 1A type, and also debris, of at least one of a binary neutron star collision, so to attain, all the elements that have been identified in the solar system, and especially in earth. In addition, the current “periodic table” includes 26 synthetic elements that were produced in neutron star collisions but, because of their short lifetimes, t

关键词： Origin of Chemical Elements Fundamental Particles Nuclear Reactions Inside the Stars Binary Stars Neutron Star Collision

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Contributions to the knowledge of Antarctodon sobrali(Mammalia:Astrapotheria)from the Eocene of Antarctica

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Advances in Polar Science 2024年第1期35卷 48-62页

作者： javier N.GELFO Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicasy Técnicas(CONICET) Buenos Aires C1425FQBArgentina División Paleontología Vertebrados Museo de La PlataFacultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo de La PlataUniversidad Nacional de La PlataLa Plata B1900FWAArgentina

The Astrapotheria constitutes one of the five orders of extinct South American native ungulates,with a fossil record that also extends to the Eocene of the Antarctic *** contrast to the abundant specimens known for litoptern Sparnotheriodontidae and metatherians,astrapotheres are represented by scant remains assigned to the endemic Antarctodon sobrali and indeterminate astrapotheres,restricted to levels 35C_(u0)and 35n of the Cucullaea I Allomember of the La Meseta *** discovery of alower molar assignable to this species in the Eocene levels of Seymour(Marambio)Island,enables a revision of the diagnosis and the homologies of the dental characters used to describe this taxon.A reanalysis of its phylogenetic relationships reveals the nearly simultaneous presence of basal astrapotheres in the early Eocene of Itaboraí(Brazil),Patagonia,and West *** taxa are characterized by lacking dental specializations usually associated with more abrasive diets like terminal forms of Uruguaytheriinae and *** appears to have thrived on the Antarctic continent during the Early Eocene Climatic Optimum within the paleoclimatic context of a hot-house *** present conditions in Antarctica where no terrestrial mammals inhabit,the early Eocene climate was characterized by warmer temperatures and a biologically diverse environment rich in primary producers,dominated by Nothofagus forests,encompassing both deciduous and evergreen forests,which supported a diverse assemblage of continental vertebrates.

关键词： Astrapotheria Antarctodon Eocene Seymour Island La Meseta Formation

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Arabidopsis photoperiodic regulator CONSTANS feeds back to control the circadian clock

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Molecular Plant 2024年第9期17卷 1338-1340页

作者： Abril San Martin Marcelo javier Yanovsky Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquimicas de Buenos Aires(Fundacion Instituto Leloir-CONICET) Av.Patricias Argentinas 435Buenos AiresC1405BWE

Human beings live in a world defined by daily cycles of light and darkness caused by the Earth's rotation around its ***,like most living organisms,have evolved internal circadian clocks that time biological processes in anticipation of these daily environmental changes(Young and Kay,2001).The plant clock relies on core genes encoding transcription factors(TFs),which regulate each other's expression through intricate networks of interlocking transcriptional-translational feedback loops(Nohales and Kay,2016).These loops ultimately control the expression of thousands of genes,allowing plants to adapt to daily fluctuations in light,temperature,and humidity(Covington et al.,2008).In addition to daily rhythms,the Earth experiences yearly seasonal cycles marked by longer,warmer days in spring and summer,followed by shorter,cooler days in autumn and *** changes in day length and temperature intensify with distance from the ***,the ability of plants to adjust their growth and development in anticipation of seasonal changes determines their latitudinal distribution(McMillan,1960).

关键词： circadian seasonal Arabidopsis

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From the mathematical model to the patient: The scientific and human aspects of artificial intelligence in gastrointestinal surgery

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第6期16卷 1517-1520页

作者： javier Arredondo Montero Department of Pediatric Surgery Complejo Asistencial Universitario de LeónCastilla y LeónLeón 24008Spain

Recent medical literature shows that the application of artificial intelligence(AI)models in gastrointestinal pathology is an exponentially growing field,with pro-mising models that show very high *** inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),recent reviews demonstrate promising diagnostic and prognostic AI ***,studies are generally at high risk of bias(especially in AI models that are image-based).The creation of specific AI models that improve diagnostic performance and allow the establishment of a general prognostic fo-recast in IBD is of great interest,as it may allow the stratification of patients into subgroups and,in turn,allow the creation of different diagnostic and therapeutic protocols for these *** surgical models,predictive models of post-operative complications have shown great potential in large-scale *** this work,the authors present the development of a predictive algorithm for early post-surgical complications in Crohn's disease based on a Random Forest model with exceptional predictive ability for complications within the *** pre-sent work,based on logical and reasoned,clinical,and applicable aspects,lays a solid foundation for future prospective work to further develop post-surgical prognostic tools for *** next step is to develop in a prospective and mul-ticenter way,a collaborative path to optimize this line of research and make it applicable to our patients.

关键词： Survivor bias Data analysis Machine learning Ethics Critical thinking Postsurgical Complications Inflammatory bowel disease Gastrointestinal surgery

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Improved organs at risk segmentation based on modified U‐Net with self‐attention and consistency regularisation

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第4期9卷 850-865页

作者： Maksym Manko Anton Popov Juan Manuel Gorriz javier Ramirez Electronic Engineering Department Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic InstituteKyivUkraine Department of Signal Theory Telematics and CommunicationsUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the world,with radiotherapy as one of the treatment *** planning starts with delineating the affected area from healthy organs,called organs at risk(OAR).A new approach to automatic OAR seg-mentation in the chest cavity in Computed Tomography(CT)images is *** proposed approach is based on the modified U‐Net architecture with the ResNet‐34 encoder,which is the baseline adopted in this *** new two‐branch CS‐SA U‐Net architecture is proposed,which consists of two parallel U‐Net models in which self‐attention blocks with cosine similarity as query‐key similarity function(CS‐SA)blocks are inserted between the encoder and decoder,which enabled the use of con-sistency *** proposed solution demonstrates state‐of‐the‐art performance for the problem of OAR segmentation in CT images on the publicly available SegTHOR benchmark dataset in terms of a Dice coefficient(oesophagus-0.8714,heart-0.9516,trachea-0.9286,aorta-0.9510)and Hausdorff distance(oesophagus-0.2541,heart-0.1514,trachea-0.1722,aorta-0.1114)and significantly outperforms the *** current approach is demonstrated to be viable for improving the quality of OAR segmentation for radiotherapy planning.

关键词： 3‐D computer vision deep learning deep neural networks image segmentation medical image processing object segmentation

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Process for the Obtention of Coumaric Acid from Coumarin: Analysis of the Reaction Conditions

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2013年第3期3卷 195-201页

作者： Néstor N. López-Castillo Alma D. Rojas-Rodríguez Brenda M. Porta M. javier cruz-Gómez Chemical Engineering Department of the Faculty of Chemistry Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Coyoacan D. F. México México

Coumaric acid can be obtained from basic hydrolysis of coumarin, through a reaction process consisting on opening the lactone ring and cis-trans isomerization. Parameters such as reaction time, temperature, NaOH concentration, solvent and reaction atmosphere, have been thoroughly studied and analyzed, in order to determine the appropriate conditions for the maximum conversion efficiency of coumarin into coumaric acid. Experimental results show that the best conditions are a 1 hour reaction time, at 160℃, with a 20% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, and in an inert reaction atmosphere.

关键词： Coumarin Coumaric Acid Ester Hydrolysis

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