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Enhancement of the benthic communities around an isolated island in the Antarctic Ocean

Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2013年第6期32卷 47-55页

作者： José I Saiz Nuria Anadón javier cristobo Oscar García-Alvarez Gerardo García-Castrillo Eduardo López Cruz Palacín Jesús S Troncoso Ana Ramos Department of Zoology and Animal Cell Biology University of the Basque CountryBilbao 48080 Spain Department of Organisms and Systems Biology (Zoology) Rodrigo Uría s/n University of OviedoOviedo 33071 Spain Spanish Institute of Oceanography Gijón Oceanographic Centre Príncipe de Asturias 70bisGijón 33212 Spain Department of Zoology and Physical Anthropology University of Santiago de CompostelaSouth Campus Santiago de Compostela 15706 Spain Cantabrian Maritime Museum San Martín de Bajamar s/nSantander 39004 Spain Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Autonomous University of MadridMadrid 28049 Spain Department of Animal Biology University of BarcelonaAvinguda Diagonal 645 Barcelona 08028 Spain Department of Ecology and Animal Biology Marine Sciences Faculty University of VigoVigo 36310 Spain Spanish Institute of Oceanography Subida a Radio Faro 50-52Vigo 36390 Spain

Insular marine biotas are often richer in faunal diversity than those from the open sea in the same geo- graphical region. The existence of particular island effects were tested under polar conditions by compar- ing infaunal benthic assemblages on Peter I Island with those of similar latitudes in the open ocean at the Bellingshausen Sea and also from the coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. Sampling was carried out aboard the R/V Hesperides during the expedition named BENTART-2003 from 24 January to 3 March 2003. Benthic samples were collected at 18 stations ranging from 90 to 2 044 m depth, using an USNEL-type box corer （BC） dredge. Representatives of 32 higher taxa of invertebrates were found. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed various patterns in the data. First, significant differences in polychaete abundance were detected between the stations located in the open sea and the remaining sites （island plus mainland sites）. Bivalve abundances were also distinct between island and mainland sampling sites. Sediment columns taken from the island seafloor exhibited the highest rate of bioturbation by the infauna. These findings confirm the model that islands develop distinct assemblages characterized by the enhancement of the benthic commu- nities even in cold waters. Several abiotic factors were measured simultaneously at the seafloor and along the water column to investigate faunal distribution patterns. Significant correlations were found between the benthic assemblages and a combination of two environmental variables：＂island effect＂（measured as a categorical variable） and the redox state of sediments. Richer and more complex benthic assemblages were found in Peter I Island＇s sea bottom, whereas the more depauperate bottoms remained in the open sea.

关键词： Antarctica Bellingshausen Sea benthos Peter I Island PRIMER

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