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Downstaging of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma followed by liver transplantation using immune checkpoint inhibitors:Where do we stand?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2024年第5期15卷 24-32页

作者： Hirak Pahari javid a peer Shikhar Tripathi Suresh K Singhvi Ushast Dhir Department of Liver Transplant and Hepatobiliary Surgery Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110060DelhiIndia Department of Surgical Gastroenterology and Liver Transplant Sir Ganga Ram HospitalNew Delhi 110060DelhiIndia

Liver transplantation(LT)in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)and chronic liver disease(CLD)is limited by factors such as tumor size,number,portal venous or hepatic venous invasion and extrahepatic *** previously established criteria,such as Milan or UCSF,have been relaxed globally to accommodate more potential recipients with comparable 5-year outcomes,there is still a subset of the population that has advanced HCC with or without portal vein tumor thrombosis without detectable extrahepatic spread who do not qualify or are unable to be downstaged by conventional methods and do not qualify for liver *** checkpoint inhibitors(ICI)such as atezolizumab,pembrolizumab,or nivolumab have given hope to this group of *** completed a comprehensive literature review using PubMed,Google Scholar,reference citation analysis,and *** search utilized keywords such as'liver transplant','HCC','hepatocellular carcinoma','immune checkpoint inhibitors','ICI','atezolizumab',and'nivolumab'.Several case reports have documented successful downstaging of HCC using the atezolizumab/bevacizumab combination prior to LT,with acceptable early outcomes comparable to other *** effects of ICI have also been reported during the perioperative *** such cases,a 1.5-month interval between ICI therapy and LT has been ***,the results of downstaging using combination immunotherapy were encouraging and *** reports suggested a potential ray of hope for patients with CLD and advanced HCC,especially those with multifocal HCC or branch portal venous tumor ***,prospective studies and further experience will reveal the optimal dosage,duration,and timing prior to LT and evaluate both short-and long-term outcomes in terms of rejection,infection,recurrence rates,and survival.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Liver transplant Downstaging Atezolizumab Nivolumab Immune checkpoint inhibitors

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Enhancing wood efficiency through comprehensive wood flow analysis:Methodology and strategic insights

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第2期11卷 172-183页

作者： Ruisheng Wang peer Haller Institute of Steel and Timber Construction Technische Universität Dresden01062DresdenGermany

Wood,an essential natural resource in human civilization,remains widely used despite advances in technology and material *** surge in greenhouse gas emissions and environmental concerns accentuates the need for optimizing wood *** flow analysis is a powerful tool for tracking material flows and stocks,aiding resource management and environmental ***,the full extent of its methodological dimensions,particularly within the context of the wood supply chain,remains relatively *** this study,we delve into the existing literature on wood flow analysis,discussing its primary objectives,materials involved,temporal and spatial scales,data sources,units,and conversion ***,data uncertainty,data reconciliation and crucial assumptions in material flow analysis are highlighted in this *** findings reveal the significance of wood cascading and substitution effects by replacing non-wood materials,where they can reduce greenhouse gas emissions more than the natural carbon sink of forests and wood *** immediate impact of short-term wood cascading might not be as robust as the substitution effect,with energy substitution showcasing better results than material ***,it's crucial to note that these conclusions could experience significant reversal from a long-term and global *** for improving wood efficiency involve maximizing material use,advancing construction technologies,extending product lifespans,promoting cascade use,and optimizing energy recovery *** study underscores the need for standardized approaches in wood flow analysis and emphasizes the potential of wood efficiency strategies in addressing environmental challenges.

关键词： Material flow analysis Wood Methodology Cascade use Substitution effects

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Open Underlay Mesh Reinforced Large Incisional Hernia Repair—Prospective Observational Hospital Based Study

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Surgical Science 2019年第3期10卷 94-105页

作者： Umer Mushtaq Ishfaq Ahmad Gilkar javid Ahmad peer Shaukat Jeelani Asgar Aziz Farzanah Nowreen Yaser Hussain Wani Yaqoob Hassan Drjavidahmad peer University of Kashmir Srinagar India

Introduction: Incisional hernias frequently complicate abdominal surgeries with a varied incidence as reported to be 2% - 20%. The risk factors of development of incisional hernias include immunocompromised state, diabetes mellitus, smoking, obesity, wound infection at the index surgery, emergency surgery. Materials and Methods: The study design was prospective and included 62 patients with incisional hernias. The patients were evaluated preoperatively on OPD basis with history, clinical examination, baseline investigation, ultrasound abdomen and computed tomogram. Results: The mean age was 48.9 years with male:female ratio of 1:1.4. Mean BMI was 30.1 kg/m2. Out of 62 patients in the study 61.2% had concomitant hypertension and were on treatment for the same. 30.6% were clinically hypothyroid, 38.7% were diabetic and 54.8% were smokers. There were multiple factors present in patients in the current study which were observed to be possible to have risked the patients to incisional hernias after an abdominal surgery. 21 patients had defect size ranging from 5 to 10 cm and 41 patients were bearing a hernia of the defect size of 10 cm or more. The mean operative time was 221.7 minutes. Conclusion: Incisional hernias are a part of surgical practice that would probably glue to it to the end of time. A progression from primitive suture repair with recurrence rates of over 65% to modern day mesh reinforced repairs with recurrences aimed at 0% is always welcome. But still then the placement of mesh in different positions or layers of abdominal wall yields different results.

关键词： Hernia Mesh Necrosis

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Genome editing in cancer:Challenges and potential opportunities

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生物活性材料(英文) 2023年第3期21卷 394-402页

作者： Dor Breier Dan peer Laboratory of Precision Nanomedicine Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer ResearchGeorge S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of EngineeringTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael Cancer Biology Research Center Tel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

Ever since its mechanism was discovered back in 2012,the CRISPR/Cas9 system have revolutionized the field of genome *** at first it was seen as a therapeutic tool mostly relevant for curing genetic diseases,it has been recently shown to also hold the potential to become a clinically relevant therapy for ***,there are multiple challenges that must be addressed prior to clinical ***,the safety of the system when used for in-vivo therapies,including off-target activity and the effects of the double strand break induction on genomic ***,we will focus on the inherent challenges in the CRISPR/Cas9 system and discuss various opportunities to overcoming these challenges.

关键词： Genome editing CRISPR/Cas systems Cancer therapy Off-target activity

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Rheology of Poly(vinyl butyral)Solution Containing Fumed Silica in Correlation with Electrospinning

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第6期36卷 742-748页

作者： Petra peer Martina Polaskova Pavol Suly Institute of Hydrodynamics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Pod Patankou 5166 12 Prague 6Czech Republic Centre of Polymer Systems Tomas Bata University in Zlintrida Tomase Bati 5678760 O1 ZlinCzech Republic Department of Polymer Engineering Faculty of TechnologyTomas Bata University in ZlinVavreckova 27576001 ZlinCzech Republic

The rheological properties in question are influenced by many factors, ranging from the characteristics of the given polymer or solvent to the flowing conditions. The primary focus of this study is to analyse the rheological behaviour of poly（vinyl butyral）—Mowital B 60 H—（PVB） solutions dissolved in methanol and a blend of these with fumed silica nanoparticles. The preparation of the nanofibrous web and the quality of nanofibres were correlated with the rheology of the polymer solution. It was discerned that drastically intensifying shear viscosity and the elasticity of the solution exerted a negligible effect on the formation of fibres, a finding which has rarely been discussed in the literature. The morphologies and structures of the PVB/silica nanofibrous membranes were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.

关键词： Electrospinning Nanofibres Poly(vinyl butyral) Fumed silica Rheology

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t-Private and t-Secure Auctions

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2008年第5期23卷 694-710页

作者： Markus Hinkelmann Andreas Jakoby peer Stechert Institut für Theoretische Informatik Universitt zu Lübeck Germany Fachgruppe Didaktik der Informatik und E-Learning Universitt Siegen Germany

In most of the auction systems the values of bids are known to the auctioneer. This allows him to manipulate the outcome of the auction. Hence, one might be interested in hiding these values. Some cryptographically secure protocols for electronic auctions have been presented in the last decade. Our work extends these protocols in several ways. On the basis of garbled circuits, i.e., encrypted circuits, we present protocols for sealed-bid auctions that fulfill the following requirements： 1） protocols are information-theoretically t-private for honest but curious parties; 2） the number of bits that can be learned by malicious adversaries is bounded by the output length of the auction; 3） the computational requirements for participating parties are very low： only random bit choices and bitwise computation of the XOR-function are necessary. Note that one can distinguish between the protocol that generates a garbled circuit for an auction and the protocol to evaluate the auction. In this paper we address both problems. We will present a t-private protocol for the construction of a garbled circuit that reaches the lower bound of 2t ＋ 1 parties, and Finally, we address the problem of bid changes in an auction. a more randomness efficient protocol for （t ＋ 1）^2 parties

关键词： multi-party private and secure computation garbled circuits private auctions

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“Winter Is Coming” : How did Polyploid Plants Survive?

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Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 4-5页

作者： Zhen Li Yves Van de peer Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics Ghent University9052 GhentBelgium VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology 9052 GhentBelgium Centre for Microbial Ecology and Genomics Department of BiochemistryGenetics and MicrobiologyUniversity of PretoriaPretoria 0028South Africa.

Cold and dark periods have descended on Earth several times in geological history. One such period characterized the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) boundary, following a meteor impact near Chicxulub in Mexico, about 66 million years ago, which caused dust, sulfate aerosols, and soot particles to be ejected into the atmosphere. This in turn led to a so-called “impact winter,” inhibiting photosynthesis and causing a global collapse of terrestrial and marine food webs, leading to the extinction of 60%–70% of plants and animals ( Alvarez et al., 1980 ). Different from animals that might still be able to find shelter and detritus food in a harsh environment, plants are sessile and require (lots of) light for photosynthesis. How did they survive in a time of prolonged darkness and decreasing temperatures ( Vellekoop et al., 2016 )?

关键词： winter Cretaceous terrestrial

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Evaluation of a mathematical model using experimental data and artificial neural network for prediction of gas separation

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2008年第2期17卷 135-141页

作者： M.peer M.Mahdyarfar T.Mohammadi Research Center for Membrane Processes Department of Chemical EngineeringIran University of Science and TechnologyNarmakTehranlran Gas Division Research Institute of Petroleum IndustryTehranIran

In recent times, membranes have found wide applications in gas separation processes. As most of the industrial membrane separation units use hollow fiber modules, having a proper model for simulating this type of membrane module is very useful in achieving guidelines for design and characterization of membrane separation units. In this study, a model based on Coker, Freeman, and Fleming＇s study was used for estimating the required membrane area. This model could simulate a multicomponent gas mixture separation by solving the governing differential mass balance equations with numerical methods. Results of the model were validated using some binary and multicomponent experimental data from the literature. Also, the artificial neural network （ANN） technique was applied to predict membrane gas separation behavior and the results of the ANN simulation were compared with the simulation results of the model and the experimental data. Good consistency between these results shows that ANN method can be successfully used for prediction of the separation behavior after suitable training of the network

关键词： hollow fiber membrane gas separation mathematical modeling artificial neural network

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Machine Learning-based Stable P2P IPTV Overlay

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第6期71卷 5381-5397页

作者： Muhammad javid Iqbal Ihsan Ullah Muhammad Ali Atiq Ahmed Waheed Noor Abdul Basit Directorate of Information Technology Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s UniversityQuettaPakistan Department of Computer Science and Information Technology University of BalochistanQuettaPakistan

Live video streaming is one of the newly emerged services over the Internet that has attracted immense interest of the service *** Internet was not designed for such services during its inception,such a service poses some serious challenges including cost and ***-to-peer(P2P)Internet Protocol Television(IPTV)is an application-level distributed paradigm to offer live video *** terms of ease of deployment,it has emerged as a serious alternative to client server,Content Delivery Network(CDN)and IP multicast ***,P2P approach has struggled to provide the desired streaming quality due to a number of *** of peers in a network is one of themajor issues among *** of the existing approaches address this issue through older-stable *** paper first extensively investigates the older-stable principle to observe its validity in different *** is observed that the older-stable principle does not hold in several of ***,it utilizes machine learning approach to predict the stability of *** work evaluates the accuracy of severalmachine learning algorithms over the prediction of stability,where the Gradient Boosting Regressor(GBR)out-performs other ***,this work presents a proof-of-concept simulation to compare the effectiveness of older-stable rule and machine learning-based predictions for the stabilization of the *** results indicate that machine learning-based stability estimation significantly improves the system.

关键词： P2P IPTV live video streaming user behavior overlay networks stable peers machine learning

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Reproducible Research Publication Workflow:A Canonical Workflow Framework and FAIR Digital Object Approach to Quality Research Output

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Data Intelligence 2022年第2期4卷 306-319页

作者： Limor peer Claudia Biniossek Dirk Betz Thu-Mai Christian Institution for Social and Policy Studies Yale UniversityConnecticut 06520USA Center for Empirical Research in Economics and Behavioral Sciences(CEREB) University of ErfurtThuringen 99089Germany Odum Institute for Research in Social Science University of North Carolina SystemNorth Carolina 27514-3916USA

In this paper we present the Reproducible Research Publication Workflow(RRPW)as an example of how generic canonical workflows can be applied to a specific *** RRPW includes essential steps between submission and final publication of the manuscript and the research artefacts(i.e.,data,code,etc.)that underlie the scholarly claims in the manuscript.A key aspect of the RRPW is the inclusion of artefact review and metadata creation as part of the publication *** paper discusses a formalized technical structure around a set of canonical steps which helps codify and standardize the process for researchers,curators,and *** proposed application of canonical workflows can help achieve the goals of improved transparency and reproducibility,increase FAIR compliance of all research artefacts at all steps,and facilitate better exchange of annotated and machine-readable metadata.

关键词： FAIR research output FAIR Digital Objects Reproducible research Research compendium Compendium publication workflow Data quality review

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