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Mitigating osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONj) through preventive dental care and understanding of risk factors

Bone Research 2020年第1期8卷 14-25页

作者： jason TWan Douglas MSheeley Martha jSomerman janice SLee National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA Laboratory for Oral Connective Tissue Biology National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin DiseasesNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

It is well established that alterations in phosphate metabolism have a profound effect on hard and soft tissues of the oral cavity. The present-day clinical form of osteonecrosis of the jaw(ONj) was preceded by phosphorus necrosis of the jaw, ca. 1860. The subsequent removal of yellow phosphorus from matches in the early 20 th century saw a parallel decline in "phossy jaw" until the early 2000 s, when similar reports of unusual jaw bone necrosis began to appear in the literature describing jaw necrosis in patients undergoing chemotherapy and concomitant steroid and bisphosphonate treatment. Today, the potential side effect of ONj associated with medications that block osteoclast activity(antiresorptive) is well known, though the mechanism remains unclear and the management and outcomes are often unsatisfactory. Much of the existing literature has focused on the continuing concerns of appropriate use of bisphosphonates and other antiresorptive medications, the incomplete or underdeveloped research on ONj, and the use of drugs with anabolic potential for treatment of osteoporosis. While recognizing that ONj is a rare occurrence and ONj-associated medications play an important role in fracture risk reduction in osteoporotic patients, evidence to date suggests that health care providers can lower the risk further by dental evaluations and care prior to initiating antiresorptive therapies and by monitoring dental health during and after treatment. This review describes the current clinical management guidelines for ONj, the critical role of dental-medical management in mitigating risks, and the current understanding of the effects of predominantly osteoclast-modulating drugs on bone homeostasis.

关键词： drugs metabolism alterations

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Men with a complete absence of normal sperm morphology exhibit high rates of success without assisted reproduction

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Asian journal of Andrology 2017年第1期19卷 39-42页

作者： jason R Kovac Ryan P Smith Miguel Cajipe Dolores j Lamb Larry I Lipshultz Center of Reproductive Medicine and the Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology Scott Department of Urology Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX USA Department of Urology University of Virginia Charlottesville VA USA.

In couples with infertility, abnormal strict morphology of 0% normal forms （NF） is a criterion to proceed rapidly to in vitro fertilization （IVF）. Since no data currently exist, we investigated the outcomes for men with 0% NF to determine reproductive success without the use of assisted reproductive technologies （ART）. A cohort of 24 men with 0% NF were identified （2010-2013） with 27 randomly selected men with 〉4% NF as controls. Patient charts were reviewed with men contacted and administered an Institutional Review Board （IRB）-approved telephone questionnaire to ascertain outcomes. After a median follow-up time of 2.5 years, 29.2% of men with 0% NF did not require ART for their first pregnancy （controls = 55.6%, P〈 0.05）. When all pregnancies were analyzed together, men with 0% NF achieved twenty pregnancies of which 75% did not require IVF （controls - thirty pregnancies; 76.7% did not require IVF）. The average age of men and female partners was similar between men with 0% NF and 〉4% NF. All men had normal follicle-stimulating hormone （FSH）, testosterone, prolactin, sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG）, and estradiol. Although, global semen parameters were worse in men with 0% NF, when a first pregnancy was a natural conception （NC）, 100% of men with 0% NF （n = 7/7） and 37.5% of controls in = 3/8） went on to have a subsequent pregnancy via NC. Men with 0% NF conceived without IVF in 29.2% of cases compared to 55.6% of controls. Strict morphology should not be used to predict fertilization, pregnancy, or live birth potential. In men with 0% NF, alternative modalities should be considered before immediate IVF.

关键词： conception infertility intrauterine insemination in vitro fertilization strict morphology success

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WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES OF POLYMER SURFACE RELAXATION FROM THE BULK?

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Chinese journal of Polymer Science 2011年第1期29卷 81-86页

作者： Ian Mann Ryan M.Van Horn jason j.Ge Matthew j.Graham Frank W.Harris Stephen Z.D.Cheng College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering Department of Polymer Sciencethe University of Akron

The polymer surface relaxation in thin films has been a long debating issue. We report a new method on studying surface relaxation behaviors of polymer thin films on a solid substrate. This method involved utilizing a rubbed polyimide surface with a pretilting angle in a liquid crystalline cell. Due to the surface alignment, the liquid crystals were aligned along the rubbing direction. During heating the liquid crystalline cell, we continuously monitored the change of orientation of the liquid crystals. It is understood that at a temperature where the orientation of liquid crystal is lost, the surface relaxation on the glass substrate takes place to lose the polyimide surface orientation. It was found that the relaxation temperature at which the liquid crystals lose their orientation depends on the film thickness of the polyimide. A quantitative linear relationship between the relaxation temperature and reciprocal of the film thickness can be observed. Furthermore, different topologies of the rubbed and relaxed thin films were amplified using the polyethylene decoration method and observed using atomic force microscopy.

关键词： Surface relaxation Liquid crystal orientation Polyethylene decoration.

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Tumor organoids to study gastroesophageal cancer: a primer

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journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2020年第8期12卷 593-606页

作者： Ramon U.jin jason C.Mills Division of Oncology Department of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA Department of Developmental Biology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMO 63130USA

Gastroesophageal cancers are leading causes of cancer *** attempts at adopting molecularly based treatment approaches have been slow and ineffective even though we begin to identify specific targetable gene mutations and *** is dear that we should no longer treat all gastroesophageal cancers as a homogeneous disease,which is what we do when we use nonspecific ***,we currently cannot monitor successful gene/pathway targeting,nor understand how/when tumors develop resistance,nor predict which patients will derive maximal *** improve outcomes,we must precisely detail the heterogeneity of these tumors to then individualize cancer therapy as well as develop novel avenues to study and predict treatment effects in individual *** this end,patient-derived organoids,in which tumor cells from individual patients are grown in a Petri dish,are a new versatile system that allows for timely expandability,detailed molecular characterization,and genetic manipulation with the promise of enabling predictive assessment of treatment *** this review,we will explore the development and basic techniques for organoid generation,and discuss the current and potential future applications of this exciting technology to study the basic science of carcinogenesis and to predict/guide cancer patient care in the clinics.

关键词： targeted therapy precision oncology cancer model tumor heterogeneity cancer evolution personalized medicine

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Review of hybrid electric powered aircraft,its conceptual design and energy management methodologies

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Chinese journal of Aeronautics 2021年第4期34卷 432-450页

作者： Ye XIE Al SAVVARISAL Antonios TSOURDOS Dan ZHANG jason GU Intelligent Robot Research Centre Zhejiang LabHangzhou311100China School of Aerospace Transport and ManufacturingCranfield UniversityBedford MK430ALUnited Kingdom York University North YorkToronto M3J 1P3Canada Dalhousie University HalifaxNova Scotia B3H 4R2Canada

The paper overviews the state-of-art of aircraft powered by hybrid electric propulsion *** research status of the design and energy management of hybrid aircraft and hybrid propulsion systems are further *** first contribution of the review is to demonstrate that,in the context of relatively underdeveloped electrical storage technologies,the study of mid-scale hybrid aircraft can contribute the most to both theoretical and practical ***,the profits and potential drawbacks of applying hybrid propulsion to mid-scale hybrid airplanes have not been thoroughly ***,as summed in the overview of design methodologies,the multi-objective optimization transcends the single-objective *** potential of the hybrid propulsion system can be thoroughly evaluated in only one optimization run,if several objectives optimized *** there are few researches covering the conceptual design of hybrid aircraft using multi-objective *** review of the most popular energy management strategies discloses the third research gap—current methodologies favoured in hybrid ground vehicles do not consider the aircraft ***,both non-causal and causal energy management are needed for performing a complicated flight mission with several sub-tasks.

关键词： Aircraft Convex optimization Energy management Fuzzy logic control Hybrid electric propulsion system Non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Sizing

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Self-reported preferences for patient and provider roles in cancer treatment decision-making in the United States

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第1期5卷 43-55页

作者： Kiara Spooner Charles Chima jason L.Salemi Roger j.Zoorob Department of Family and Community Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Objective:To describe differences in preferred roles in cancer treatment decision-making and identify associated sociodemographic and health-related factors among adults in the United ***:We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of nationally representative data from the 2014 Health Information National Trends *** statistics were calculated and multi-variable logistic regression was conducted to examine ***:Half(48.3%)of respondents preferred a collaborative role in decision-making under the supposition of a moderate chance of survival;while 53.4%preferred a more active role when the chance of survival was *** 7%-8%indicated a preference for a passive role in decision-making,for both low and moderate chances of *** predictors of role prefer-ence for cancer treatment decision-making emerged,including age,sex,education,race/ethnicity,and having a regular health care *** both low and moderate chances of survival,the col-lege educated were less likely to prefer a passive role,whereas Hispanics were two to three times more likely than whites to indicate a preference for a passive ***:Adults’role preference for cancer treatment decision-making may be influenced by sociodemographic and health-related *** awareness of these factors,paired with enhanced patient-provider communication,may assist health care professionals in providing indi-vidualized and high-quality,patient-centered cancer care.

关键词： Cancer treatment decision-making decision-making role preference

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Timing of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube placement in post-stroke patients does not impact mortality, complications, or outcomes

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World journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2022年第5期13卷 77-87页

作者： Kavya M Reddy Preston Lee Parul j Gor Antonio Cheesman Noor Al-Hammadi David john Westrich jason Taylor Vatche and Tamar Manoukian Division of Digestive Diseases David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Internal Medicine Santa Clara Valley Medical CenterSan JoseCA 95128United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Mercy HospitalSaint LouisMO 63141United States David john Westrich Jason TaylorDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologySaint Louis University School of MedicineSaint LouisMO 63104United States Saint Louis University Center for Health Outcomes Research Saint Louis UniversitySaint LouisMO 63104United States

BACKGROUND Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy(PEG)tubes are often placed for dysphagia following a stroke in order to maintain sufficient caloric *** 2011 ASGE guidelines recommend delaying PEG tube placement for two weeks,as half of patients with dysphagia improve within 2 *** are few studies comparing outcomes based on timing of PEG tube placement,and there is increasing demand for early PEG tube placement to meet requirements for timely discharge to rehab and skilled nursing *** To assess the safety of early(≤7 d post stroke)vs late(>7 d post stroke)PEG tube placement and evaluate whether pre-procedural risk factors could predict mortality or *** We performed a retrospective study of patients undergoing PEG tube placement for dysphagia following a stroke at two hospitals in Saint Louis,MO between january 2011 and December *** were identified by keyword search of endoscopy ***,peri-procedural complication rates,and post-procedural complication rates were compared in both *** of morbidity and mortality such as protein-calorie malnutrition,presence of an independent cardiovascular risk equivalent,and presence of Systemic inflammatory response syndrome(SIRS)criteria or documented infection were evaluated by multivariate logistic *** 154 patients had a PEG tube placed for dysphagia following a stroke,92 in the late group and 62 in the early *** were 32 observed deaths,with 8 occurring within 30 d of the *** was an increase in peri-procedural and post-procedural complications with delayed PEG placement which was not statistically *** length of stay was significantly less in patients with early PEG tube placement(12.9 vs 22.34 d,P<0.001).Protein calorie malnutrition,presence of SIRS criteria and/or documented infection prior to procedure or having a cardiovascular disease risk equivalent did not significantly predict mortality or complicati

关键词： Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube Dysphagia Stroke Enteral nutrition Gastrostomy/adverse effect

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Predictors of nodal metastasis in sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma:A national cancer database analysis

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World journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2020年第2期6卷 137-141页

作者： Viran j.Ranasinghe Vanessa C.Stubbs Danielle C.Reny Ramie Fathy jason A.Brant jason G.Newman Department of Otorhinolaryngology e Head and Neck Surgery University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUnited States Perelman School of Medicine University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPAUnited States

Objective:We present the largest population based study of sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma(SCC)to identify risk factors for presentation with nodal ***:The National Cancer Database(NCDB)was used for this *** codes corresponding to the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses and histology codes representing SCC malignancy were *** regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with presentation with nodal ***:6448 cases met inclusion *** metastasis at presentation was seen in 13.2%of patients,with the sinus subsite(19.3%)being a significant risk factor for nodal metastasis at presentation when compared to the nasal cavity(7.9%).Logistic regression analysis showed black,uninsured and Medicaid patients were more likely than white and privately insured patients,respectively,to present with nodal ***:In sinonasal SCC,the sinus subsite has a significantly increased risk of nodal metastasis compared to the nasal *** race,uninsured and Medicaid patients are more likely to have nodal metastasis at presentation.

关键词： Squamous cell carcinoma National cancer database Nodal metastasis Maxillary sinus Nasal cavity

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Orthopaedic management in the polytrauma patient

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Frontiers of Medicine 2012年第3期6卷 234-242页

作者： jason j.Halvorson Holly T-P.Pilson Eben A.Carroll Zhongyu john Li Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Wake Forest Baptist HealthMedical Center BlvdWinston-SalemNC 27103USA

The past century has seen many changes in the management of the polytraumatized orthopaedic *** recommendations for non-operative treatment have evolved into early total care(ETC)and damage control orthopaedic(DCO)treatment *** principles force the treating orthopaedist to take into account multiple patient parameters including hypothermia,coagulopathy and volume status before deciding upon the operative *** requires a multidisciplinary approach involving critical care physicians,anesthesiologists and others.

关键词： damage control orthopaedics early total care polytrauma

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Degradable Plastics Are Vulnerable to Cracks

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Engineering 2021年第5期7卷 624-629页

作者： Xuxu Yang jason Steck jiawei Yang Yecheng Wang Zhigang Suo john A.Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Kavli Institute for Bionano Science and TechnologyHarvard UniversityCambridgeMA 02138USA State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic System Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang ProvinceDepartment of Engineering Mechanics&Center for X-MechanicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

A plastic may degrade in response to a *** kinetics of degradation have long been characterized by the loss of weight and strength over *** methods of gross characterization,however,are misleading when plastic degrades ***,we study heterogeneous degradation in an extreme form:the growth of a crack under the combined action of chemistry and *** applied load opens the crack,exposes the crack front to chemical attack,and causes the crack to outrun gross *** studied the crack growth in polylactic acid(PLA),a polyester in which ester bonds break by *** cut a crack in a PLA film using scissors,tore it using an apparatus,and recorded the crack growth using a camera through a *** our testing range,the crack velocity was insensitive to load but was sensitive to humidity and *** findings will aid the development of degradable plastics for healthcare and sustainability.

关键词： Degradation Plastics Hydrolysis pH Cracking

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