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Hepatitis B virus and micro RNAs:Complex interactions affecting hepatitis B virus replication and hepatitis B virusassociated diseases

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2015年第24期21卷 7375-7399页

作者： jason Lamontagne Laura F Steel Michael j.Bouchard Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences and Professional Studies Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphia Department of Microbiology and Immunology Institute for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Disease Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia Department of Biochemistry Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia

Chronic infection with the hepatitis B virus(HBV) is the leading risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). With nearly 750000 deaths yearly, hepatocellular carcinoma is the second highest cause of cancer-related death in the world. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanisms that contribute to the development of HBV-associated HCC remain incompletely understood. Recently, micro RNAs(mi RNAs), a family of small non-coding RNAs that play a role primarily in post-transcriptional gene regulation, have been recognized as important regulators of cellular homeostasis, and altered regulation of mi RNA expression has been suggested to play a significant role in virus-associated diseases and the development of many cancers. With this in mind, many groups have begun to investigate the relationship between mi RNAs and HBV replication and HBV-associated disease. Multiple findings suggest that some mi RNAs, such as mi R-122, and mi R-125 and mi R-199 family members, are playing a role in HBV replication and HBV-associated disease, including the development of HBV-associated HCC. In this review, we discuss the current state of our understanding of the relationship between HBV and mi RNAs, including how HBV affects cellular mi RNAs, how these mi RNAs impact HBV replication, and the relationship between HBV-mediated mi RNA regulation and HCC development. We also address the impact of challenges in studying HBV, such as the lack of an effective model system for infectivity and a reliance on transformed cell lines, on our understanding of the relationship between HBV and mi RNAs, and proposepotential applications of mi RNA-related techniques that could enhance our understanding of the role mi RNAs play in HBV replication and HBV-associated disease, ultimately leading to new therapeutic options and improved patient outcomes.

关键词： Hepatitis B virus MicroRNA Hepatocellularcarcinoma Hepatitis B virus replication

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Taking care of volunteers in a stroke trial: a new assisted-management strategy

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2016年第3期1卷 108-114页

作者： Amber C Stuart jason j.Sico Catherine M Viscoli Ashis H Tayal Silvio E Inzucchi Gary A Ford Karen L Furie Robert Cote j.David Spence David Tanne Walter N Kernan on behalf of the IRIS Trial Investigators Department of Internal Medicine Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA Department of Neurology Service Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare SystemWest HavenConnecticutUSA Neuroscience Institute Allegheny Health NetworkPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University PhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA Division of Medical Sciences Oxford UniversityOxfordUK The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University ProvidenceRhode IslandUSA Department of Neurology Neurosurgery and MedicineMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada University of Western Ontario LondonOntarioCanada 10Sheba Medical CenterTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael 不详

Background and purpose:Providing participants with evidence-based care for secondary prevention is an ethical and scientific priority for trials in stroke *** optimal strategy,however,is *** report the performance of a new approach for delivering preventive care to trial ***:Participants were enrolled in the Insulin Resistance Intervention after Stroke trial,which examined the insulin sensitiser,pioglitazone versus placebo for prevention of stroke and myocardial infarction after ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic *** care was the responsibility of the participants’personal healthcare providers,but investigators monitored care and provided feedback *** studied achievement of 8 prevention goals at baseline and 3 annual visits,with a focus on 3 priority goals:blood pressurej.rity of trial participants did not persist in being at goal over *** registration number:NCT00091949.

关键词： prevention annually goals

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HIV incidence among men who have sex with men using geosocial networking smartphone application in Beij.ng, China: an open cohort study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第2期10卷 14-24页

作者： Guo-Dong Mi Bin-Bin Zhang Fei Yu Xian-Long Ren jason j.ng Ya-Qi Fan Feng-Hua Guo Chun-j.n Li Mian-Zhi Zhang Min-Ying Zhang Danlan Beij.ng Media Limited BeijingChina School of Medicine Nankai University94Weijin RoadTianjin 300071China Beij.ng Center for Diseases Control and Prevention BeijingChina Central Clinical School Monash UniversityMelbourneAustralia Departm ent of Clinical Research London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineLondonU K. Tianj.n People's 2Hospital TianjinChina Dongfang Hospital Beijing University of Chinese MedicineBeijingChina.

Background:Sexual transmission among men who have sex with men(MSM)is the dominant route of HIV transmission in *** use of geosocial networking(GSN)smartphone application(app)has dramatically changed the pattern of sexual behaviors and HIV risk among MSM;but data on HIV incidence and the changing risk behaviors of GSN app-using MSM are *** aims to assess the HIV incidence and its correlates among gay GSN app-using MSM in ***:We constructed an open cohort which was initiated and maintained using a GSN app to assess the HIV incidence among app-using MSM,recruited from j.ne 2017 to December *** completed an online questionnaire on their sociodemographic characteristics,sexual behaviors,recreational drug use and sexually transmitted infections *** each man had an HIV test,and those tested negatives were enrolled into the *** completed follow-ups with additional HIV tests though the app during the study period,and were censored at HIV seroconversion or study end *** incidence was calculated by dividing the sum of observed HIV seroconversions by the observed ***(Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test)and multivariate(proportional hazards regression)analyses were used to examine correlates of HIV ***:A total of 6957 HIV negative MSM were enrolled in the open cohort,37 seroconversions occurred among 1937 men contributing 1065 observed person-years:HIV incidence was 3.47 per 100 person-years[95%confidence interval(Cl):2.37-4.57].More than five sexual partners[hazard ratio(HR)=2.65,95%Cl:1.04-6.67],and sex with HIV positive partners(HR=3.82,95%Cl:1.16-12.64)in the preceding six months were positively associated with HIV *** condom use for anal sex(HR=0.27,95%Cl:0.07-0.96),and reporting insertive anal sex only(HR=0.23,95%Cl:0.08-0.62)in the preceding six months were protective factors for HIV ***:Tailored interventions targeting app-usin

关键词： Men who have sex with men Geosocial networking application HIV Incidence Sexual risk behavior

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Using markedly abnormal vital signs in the emergency department to anticipate needs for intensive care unit admission

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j.urnal of Acute Disease 2017年第6期6卷 268-271页

作者： jason Imperato Daniel j.Henning Patrick j.McBee Leon D Sanchez Department of Emergency Medicine Mount Auburn HospitalCambridgeMAUSA Harvard Medical School BostonMAUSA Division of Emergency Medicine University of Washington Medicine CenterSeattleWAUSA University of Washington Medical School SeattleWAUSA Department of Emergency Medicine Beth Israel Deaconess Medical CenterBostonMAUSA

Obj.ctive: To assess the utility and relative strength of markedly abnormal vital signs thresholds (triggers) in prediction of the needs for intensive care unit (ICU) admission from the emergency department (ED). Methods: A retrospective cohort study performed in a 37 000 annual visit, urban, community teaching ED. All adult patient encounters from j.ly 10, 2011 to j.ly 9, 2013 were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome was ICU admission from the ED. We collected the incidence of trigger vital signs (heart rate>130 bpm, heart rate30 breaths per minute, respiratory rate< breaths 8 per minute, oxygen saturation<90%, systolic blood pressure<90 mmHg) as binary variables for each patient enrolled. Univariate and multi-variable logistic regression models were created to determine the ability of the trigger vital signs to predict ICU admission. Results: Total of 68 554 patient encounters were included in the analysis. Of these, 2 355 [3.4%, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 3.3%-3.6%] patients exhibited trigger vital signs, and 1 135 (1.7%, 95% CI 1.6%-1.8%) patients were admitted to ICU. All trigger vital signs were strongly associated with admission to the ICU and demonstrated higher odds of ICU admission with HR<40 (odds ratio 5.2, with 95% CI 2.7-10.1) being the best predictor among the studied covariates. The likelihood of ICU admission increased in a linear fashion with the number of trigger vital signs exhibited. Conclusions: Trigger vital signs serve as predictors that an ED patient may need admission to the ICU and may serve as a tool to expedite disposition of these resource-intensive patients.

关键词： Triage Vital signs Triggers Emergency department

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Hepatitis B virus molecular biology and pathogenesis

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Hepatoma Research 2016年第1期2卷 163-186页

作者： R.jason Lamontagne Sumedha Bagga Michael j.Bouchard Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Drexel University College of MedicinePhiladelphiaPA 19102USA The Wistar Institute PhiladelphiaPA 19104USA

As obligate intracellular parasites,viruses need a host cell to provide a milieu favorable to viral ***,viruses often adopt mechanisms to subvert host cellular signaling *** beneficial for the viral replication cycle,virus-induced deregulation of host cellular signaling processes can be detrimental to host cell physiology and can lead to virus-associated pathogenesis,including,for oncogenic viruses,cell transformation and cancer *** among these oncogenic viruses is the hepatitis B virus(HBV).Despite the availability of an HBV vaccine,350-500 million people worldwide are chronically infected with HBV,and a significant number of these chronically infected individuals will develop hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Epidemiological studies indicate that chronic infection with HBV is the leading risk factor for the development of ***,HCC is the second highest cause of cancer-associated deaths,underscoring the need for understanding mechanisms that regulate HBV replication and the development of HBV-associated *** is the prototype member of the Hepadnaviridae family;members of this family of viruses have a narrow host range and predominately infect hepatocytes in their respective *** extremely small and compact hepadnaviral genome,the unique arrangement of open reading frames,and a replication strategy utilizing reverse transcription of an RNA intermediate to generate the DNA genome are distinguishing features of the *** this review,the authors provide a comprehensive description of HBV biology,summarize the model systems used for studying HBV infections,and highlight potential mechanisms that link a chronic HBV-infection to the development of *** example,the HBV X protein(HBx),a key regulatory HBV protein that is important for HBV replication,is thought to play a cofactor role in the development of HBV-induced HCC,and the authors highlight the functions of HBx that may contribute to the dev

关键词： Hepatitis B virus hepatocellular carcinoma hepatitis B virus life cycle hepatitis B virus-associated disease

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Intraspecific variation in precipitation responses of a widespread C_(4) grass depends on site water limitation

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j.urnal of Plant Ecology 2017年第2期10卷 310-321页

作者： Michael j.Aspinwall Philip A.Fay Christine V.Hawkes David B.Lowry Albina Khasanova jason Bonnette Briana K.Whitaker Nicholas j.hnson Thomas E.j.enger Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney UniversityHawkesbury CampusLocked Bag 1797PenrithNew South Wales 2751Australia USDA-ARS Grassland Soil and Water Research Laboratory 808 East Blackland RdTempleTX 76502USA Department of Integrative Biology University of Texas at Austin1 University StationAustinTX 78712USA Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University612 Wilson RoadEast LansingMI 48824USA

Aims Variation in precipitation strongly influences plant growth,species distributions and genetic *** variation in pheno-typic plasticity,the ability of a genotype to alter its growth,morphol-ogy or physiology in response to the environment,could influence species responses to changing precipitation and climate *** this,the patterns and mechanisms of intraspecific varia-tion in plasticity to variable precipitation,and the degree to which genotype responses to precipitation are influenced by variation in edaphic conditions,remain poorly ***,we determined whether genotypes of a widespread C_(4) grass(Panicum virgatum L.,switchgrass)varied in aboveground productivity in response to changes in precipitation,and if site edaphic conditions modified genotype aboveground productivity responses to *** also determined if genotype productivity responses to precipitation are related to plasticity in underlying growth and phenological *** Nine *** genotypes originating from an aridity gradient were grown under four treatments spanning the 10th to the 90th percentiles of annual precipitation at two sites in central Texas:one site with deep,fine-textured soils and another site with shallow,coarse-textured *** measured volumetric soil water content(VWC),aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP),tiller pro-duction(tiller number),average tiller mass,canopy height,leaf area index(LAi)and flowering time on all plants at both sites and examined genotype responses to changes in *** Findings Across precipitation treatments,VWC was 39%lower and more variable at the site with shallow,coarse-textured soils compared to the site with deep,fine-textured *** averaged across genotypes and precipita-tion treatments was also 103%higher at the site with deep,fine-textured soils relative to the site with shallow,coarse-textured soils,indicating substantial differences in site water limitation.W

关键词： climate change Panicum virgatum phenology phenotypic plasticity precipitation

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Modified Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics course: Feasibility, trainee satisfaction, and sustainability potential

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第1期5卷 71-77页

作者： Anj.li Aggarwal jason L.Salemi Bernice Yap j.nnifer L.Matas Sameer Naik Roger j.Zoorob Hamisu M.Salihu Department of Family and Community Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA College of Public Health University of South FloridaTampaFLUSA

Obj.ctive:The main obj.ctive of this initiative was to present evaluation results from an inno-vative adaptation of the Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics(ALSO)training *** modified the traditional ALSO curriculum in our institution by adding hands-on training in laceration repairs and simulation scenarios on acute maternity ***:The modified ALSO provider course was designed to enhance cognitive and proce-dural skills of health care professionals in managing obstetric ***-nine participants attended this course and completed a posttraining *** statistics were used to de-scribe the participant-reported assessment scores for the ALSO course on three domains(subj.ct knowledge,organization and clarity,and teaching effectiveness)for each of 12 course ***:Evaluation of the results showed a high rate of trainee satisfaction as evidenced by the mean assessment scores across all topics ranging from 4.80 to 4.98(out of 5.00).All trainees said they would refer others to the *** modified ALSO course effectively addressed the important needs of primary care physicians involved in maternity care,especially in underserved communities where specialized obstetric care is not readily *** simulation scenarios and workshops using simulated human tissue provide a better foundation before formal ***:Given the changing legal and regulatory climate,we expect that learning to treat complex obstetric situations on the j.b will become increasingly *** this in mind,both simulation scenarios and workshops using simulated human tissue will provide a better foundation before formal training.

关键词： Advanced Life Support in Obstetrics(ALSO) training hands-on laceration re-pair simulated human tissue

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继往开来:具有3万年制造史的天然纤维创新

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国际纺织导报 2022年第10期50卷 1-3页

作者： j.Finnis 曾俊(译) 孟粉叶(校) Bast纤维技术公司(加拿大) 不详

3万年前,韧皮纤维已被用于加工纺织品,现在它正成为非织造材料行业天然纤维的主要来源。加拿大Bast纤维技术公司开发了一系列整理和处理方法,能够生产出满足特定非织造材料应用的高性能纤维。使用这种新型纤维加工的非织造材料产品不仅... 详细信息

3万年前,韧皮纤维已被用于加工纺织品,现在它正成为非织造材料行业天然纤维的主要来源。加拿大Bast纤维技术公司开发了一系列整理和处理方法,能够生产出满足特定非织造材料应用的高性能纤维。使用这种新型纤维加工的非织造材料产品不仅性能优越,还能满足可持续性环境要求。

关键词：天然纤维韧皮纤维非织造材料应用加工制造可持续性

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Study on the Degradation and Synergistic /antagonistic Antioxidizing Mechanism of Phenolic /aminic Antioxidants and Their Combinations

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润滑油 2014年第3期29卷 45-55页

作者： Vincent j.Gatto Alfonso Ortiz Charles Zha jason Chen j.ffrey Wang Albemarle Corporation Baton Rouge Albemarle Corporation(Shanghai)

Oxidation stability of lubricating oil is critical for the smooth operation of industrial equipment such as *** formation is a maj.r issue in turbine ***,the turbine oil industry employs antioxidants,especially,the combination of aminic and phenolic antioxidants,as the key additives to reduce sludge *** amines,primarily PANA,are considered as the most effective antioxidants in terms of oxidation induction time(OIT)measured by the RPVOT ***,PANA is also a sludge *** antioxidants are normally used in combination with the aminic *** is widely believed that there exists a synergistic effect between the phenolic and aminic *** the interaction mechanism between the two types of antioxidants,it is generally accepted that phenolics act as a hydrogen donor to help regenerate the consumed aminic *** mechanism can only explain some of the phenomena observed in field practice,but there are many other questions remaining unanswered including the antagonistic effect between PANA and *** this study,we used HPLC,FTIR and LC-MS to monitor the degradation products of the oil systems that were formulated with various aminic and phenolic *** the APANA alone system,we identified the formation of dimers and trimers of *** the PANA alone system,we identified the formation of dimers and *** dimers,trimers,and tetramers of PANA have very limited *** findings therefore help explain why PANA is a sludge *** oligomerizations(dimerization,trimerization,etc.)regenerate the N-H functionality,thus explaining why the PANA as well as other amines are very effective *** the PANA/phenolic system,the oligomers of PANA were greatly ***,we identified species that were formed by the recombination of the PANA radicals,or the PANA oligomeric radicals with the phenolic ***,to our knowledge,has not been reporte

关键词：石油产品副产品石油原油

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An exploration of violence, mental health and substance abuse in post-conflict Guatemala

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Health 2013年第5期5卷 825-833页

作者： Charles C. Branas Andrew R. Dinardo Victor D. Puac Polanco Michael j. Harvey jason L. Vassy Kent Bream Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Department of Family Medicine & Community Health University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Department of Internal Medicine & Global Health Equities University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia USA Hospitalito Atitlan Santiago Atitlan Guatemala School of Medicine Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala Guatemala City Guatemala Section of General Internal Medicine VA Boston Healthcare System Boston USA

Guatemala’s 36-year civil war officially ended in December 1996 after some 200,000 deaths and one million refugees. Despite the ceasefire, Guatemala continues to be a violent country with one of the highest homicide rates in the world. We investigated potential associations between violence, mental health, and substance abuse in post-conflictGuatemalausing a community-based survey of 86 respondents living in urban and ruralGuatemala. Overall, 17.4% of our respondents had at least one, direct violent experience during the civil war. In the post-conflict period, 90.7% of respondents reported being afraid that they might be hurt by violence, 40.7% screened positive for depression, 50.0% screened positive for PTSD, and 23.3% screened positive for alcohol dependence. Potential associations between prior violent experiences during the war and indicators of PTSD and aspects of alcohol dependence were found in regression-adj.sted models (p j.ry and fear that have persisted since the end of the civil war. These, in turn, have implications for the growing medical and surgical resources needed to address the continuing traumatic and post-traumatic complications in the post-conflict era. Limitations of the current study are discussed. These findings are useful in beginning to understand the downstream effects of the Guatemalan civil war, although a much larger, randomly sampled survey is now needed.

关键词： Violence Trauma Civil Conflict Latin America

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