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Sur.er. for.metastatic pancr.atic neur.endocr.ne tumor.: a nar.ative r.view

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Hepatobiliar. Sur.er. and Nutr.tion 2023年第1期12卷 69-83页

作者： Jelani K.Williams jason L.Schwar. Xavier.M.Keutgen Division of Gener.l Sur.er. and Sur.ical Oncology Department of SurgeryUniversity of Chicago MedicineChicagoILUSA

Backgr.und and Objective:Pancr.atic neur.endocr.ne tumor.(PanNETs)ar. der.ved fr.m the islet cells of the pancr.as and have been incr.asing in *** of these tumor. ar. nonfunctional although some can secr.te hor.ones and lead to hor.one-specific clinical *** is the mainstay of tr.atment for.localized tumor.,however.sur.ical r.section is contr.ver.ial in metastatic *** nar.ative r.view seeks to summar.ze the cur.ent liter.tur. sur.ounding sur.er.,specifically in the contr.ver.ial ar.a of metastatic PanNETs,r.view cur.ent tr.atment par.digms,and under.tand the benefits of sur.er. in this gr.up of ***:Author. sear.hed PubMed using the ter.s“sur.er. pancr.atic neur.endocr.ne tumor.,“metastatic neur.endocr.ne tumor.,and“liver.debulking neur.endocr.ne tumor.fr.m Januar. 1990 to June *** English language publications wer. *** Content and Findings:Ther. is no consensus among the leading specialty or.anizations r.gar.ing sur.er. for.metastatic *** consider.ng sur.er. for.metastatic PanNETs,tumor.gr.de and mor.hology,location of the pr.mar. tumor.extr.-hepatic or.extr.-abdominal disease,as well as liver.tumor.bur.en and metastatic distr.bution should be *** the liver.is the most common site of metastasis and liver.failur. is the most common cause of death in patients with hepatic metastases,attention is center.d her. on debulking and other.ablative *** tr.nsplantation is r.r.ly used for.hepatic metastases but could be beneficial in a small subset of *** studies have demonstr.ted impr.vement in sur.ival and symptoms after.sur.er. for.metastatic disease,but the lack of pr.spective r.ndomized contr.l tr.als significantly limits analysis of sur.ical benefits in patients with metastatic ***:Sur.er. is the standar. of car. for.localized PanNETs,while it r.mains contr.ver.ial in metastatic *** studies have shown a sur.ival and symptomatic be

关键词： Pancr.atic neur.endocr.ne tumor.(PanNETs) liver.tumor.bur.en hepatic metastasis liver.debulking DOTATATE

Degr.dation and fate of 2,4-dinitr.anisole(DNAN)and its inter.ediates tr.ated with Mg/Cu bimetal:Sur.ace examination with XAS,DFT,and LDI-MS

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Jour.al of Envir.nmental Sciences 2023年第7期129卷 161-173页

作者： Andr.w Mai Emese Hadnagy Qiantao Shi Lotanna Ezeonu jason P.r.bbins Simon G.Podkolzin Agamemnon Koutsospyr.s Chr.stos Chr.stodoulatos Center.for.Envir.nmental Systems Stevens Institute of TechnologyHobokenNJ 07030USA School of Engineer.ng and Technology University of Washington TacomaTacomaWA 98402USA

A novel Mg-based bimetal r.agent(Mg/Cu)was used as an enhanced r.ductive system to degr.de insensitivemunition 2,4-dinitr.anisole(DNAN),a contaminant found in *** ofDNANwas significantly impacted by dissolved oxygen and studied in anoxic and oxic bimetal systems(i.e.,pur.ing with N2,air.or.O_(2) gas).Degr.dation occur.ed thr.ugh sequential nitr.r.duction:fir.t one nitr. gr.up was r.duced(or.ho or.par.)to for. shor.-lived inter.ediates 2-amino-4-nitr.anisole or.4-amino-2-nitr.anisole(2-ANAN or.4-ANAN),and then subsequent r.duction of the other.nitr. gr.up for.ed 2,4-diaminoanisole(DAAN).The nitr.-amino inter.ediates demonstr.ted r.gioselective r.duction in the or.ho position to 2-ANAN;r.gioselectivity was also impacted by the anoxic/oxic *** O_(2)-pur.ing DNAN degr.dation r.te was slightly enhanced,but most notably O_(2) significantly acceler.ted DAAN *** also fur.her.degr.ded only in the oxygenated Mg/Cu *** of DNAN bypr.ducts to the r.agent occur.ed r.gar.less of anoxic/oxic condition,r.sulting in a par.ition of car.on mass between the adsor.ed phase(27%-35%)and dissolved phase(59%-72%).Additional sur.ace techniqueswer. applied to investigate contaminant inter.ction with *** functional theor.(DFT)calculations identified pr.fer.ntial adsor.tion str.ctur.s for.DNAN on Cu with binding thr.ugh two O atoms of one or.both nitr. gr.ups.X-r.y absor.tion spectr.scopy(XAS)measur.ments deter.ined the oxidation state of catalyticmetal Cu and for.ation of a Cu-O-N bond dur.ng *** desor.tion ionization mass spectr.metr.(LDI-MS)measur.ments also identified inter.ediate 2-ANAN adsor.ed to the bimetal sur.ace.

关键词： Insensitive munition Magnesium bimetal r.ductive degr.dation Adsor.tion Sur.ace analysis DFT DNAN Oxic

Assessment of scapulohumer.l r.ythm for.scapular.plane shoulder.elevation using a modified digital inclinometer

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Wor.d Jour.al of Or.hopedics 2012年第6期3卷 87-94页

作者： jason S Scibek Chr.stopher.r.Car.ia Depar.ment of Athletic Tr.ining School of Health Sciences Duquesne UniversityJohn G Rangos Sr.Pittsburgh PA 15282 United States Depar.ment of Physical Ther.py School of Health Sciences Duquesne UniversityJohn G Rangos Sr.Pittsburgh PA 15282 United States

AIM: To develop a better.under.tanding of scapulohumer.l r.ythm dur.ng scapular.plane shoulder.***: Thir.een healthy, college-aged subjects par.icipated in this study. Subjects wer. fr.e fr.m any upper.extr.mity, neck or.back pathology. A modified digital inclinometer.was utilized to measur. scapular.upwar. r.tation of the subject's dominant shoulder. Upwar. r.tation was measur.d statically as subjects per.or.ed clinically r.levant amounts of shoulder.elevation in the scapular.plane. Testing or.er.was r.ndomized by ar. position. Scapular.upwar. r.tation was assessed over.the entir. ar. of motion and over.a ser.es of incr.ments. The per.ent contr.butions to shoulder.elevation for.the scapula and glenohumer.l joint wer. calculated. Scapulohumer.l r.ythm was assessed and r.pr.sented the r.tio of glenohumer.l motion to scapulothor.cic motion(glenohumer.l elevation: scapular.upwar. r.tation). A one-way ANOVA wasused to compar. scapular.upwar. r.tation between elevation ***: Scapulohumer.l r.ythm for.the entir. ar. of shoulder.elevation was equal to a r.tio of 2.34 :1 and r.nged fr.m 40.01:1 to 0.90:1 when assessed acr.ss the differ.nt incr.ments of humer.l elevation. Total scapular.motion incr.ased over.the ar. of shoulder.elevation. The scapula contr.buted 2.53% of total motion for.the fir.t 30 degr.es of shoulder.elevation, between 20.87% and 37.53% for.30o-90 o of shoulder.elevation, and 52.73% for.90o-120 o of shoulder.elevation. Statistically significant differ.nces in scapular.upwar. r.tation wer. identified acr.ss the shoulder.elevation incr.ments [F(3,48) = 12.63, P = 0.0001].CONCLUSION: Clinically, we must r.cognize the usefulness of the inclinometer.in documenting the var.able natur. of scapulohumer.l r.ythm in healthy and injur.d shoulder..

关键词： Biomechanics Kinematics Scapula Shoulder

NUCLEAr.NON-Pr.LIFEr.TION AND INTEr.ATIONAL SECUr.TY:A Dr.MA THEOr.TIC APPr.ACH

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Jour.al of Systems Science and Systems Engineer.ng 2009年第4期18卷 437-460页

作者： jason K. LEVY Wilder.School of Gover.ment and Public Affair. Virginia Commonwealth University

While game theor.tic tools have been widely applied to nuclear.pr.lifer.tion and disar.ament issues, tr.ditional decision analysis assumes that decision maker., options, and pr.fer.nces ar. fixed. A dr.ma theor.tic appr.ach is used to over.ome these limiting assumptions： Dr.ma Theor. （DT） II allows global leader. and national secur.ty policy maker. to engage in a r.tional-emotional pr.cess of r.-defining inter.ational secur.ty negotiations （and their.＂positions＂ in them） Until agr.ement on a satisfactor. nuclear.non-pr.lifer.tion r.solution is r.ached. The 2009 nuclear.ener.y negotiations between Ir.n and wor.d power. ar. modeled with DT II and the Confr.ntation Manager.M Decision Suppor. System. By adjusting str.tegy and der.ving tr.nsfor.ative secur.ty policy, it is shown how inter.ational secur.ty can be achieved by pr.moting nuclear.non-pr.lifer.tion and r.solving str.tegic conflict.

关键词： Nuclear.non-pr.lifer.tion str.tegic conflict dr.ma theor. inter.ational secur.ty

Cr.tical r.view on the Tr.jector. of Educational Policymaking and How Migr.nt Childr.n Have Been Affected in China

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Fudan Jour.al of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2023年第1期16卷 105-111页

作者： jason Hung Depar.ment of Sociology University of CambridgeFloor 216 Mill LaneCambridge CB21SBUK

This book r.view essay cr.tically analyses the scholar.y contr.bution and limitations of Yu's Migr.tion and Educational Policymaking in China:A Cr.tical Engagement with Policy Sociology and Bour.ieu(2022).The essay pr.mar.ly cr.ticises how,while Yu adopts Bour.ieu's concept of fields to develop the theor.tical fr.mewor. for.his r.sear.h on the tr.jector. of educational policymaking in China,he over.ooks the impor.ance of including alter.ative,r.levant Bour.ieu's concepts in his *** concepts include capital,habitus and social and cultur.l r.pr.duction of inequality(and how these inter.wine with social immobility).The author.however.appr.ciates Yu's effor.s in the explor.tion of localised education and r.lated policies for.migr.nt childr.n in five fir.t-tier.Chinese cities,especially in how a compar.tive appr.ach is *** author.believes Yu's book,despite a number.of cr.ticisms and scepticism,adds significant scholar.y values to help academic r.sear.her. who have a disposition to pr.sent policy r.commendations,along with postgr.duate students of inter.st,enr.ch their.under.tanding of how educational policymaking differ. between differ.nt localised Chinese contexts and evolves in the past decades.

关键词： Bour.ieu Fields Education inequality Education policymaking China

Temper.tur. and mass scaling affect cutaneous and pulmonar. r.spir.tor. per.or.ance in a diving fr.g

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Integr.tive Zoology 2021年第5期16卷 712-728页

作者： r.an B.MCWHINNIE jason P.SCKr.BULIS Thomas r.r.FFEL Depar.ment of Biological Sciences Oakland UniversityRochesterMichiganUSA

Global climate change is alter.ng patter.s of temper.tur. var.ation,with unpr.dictable consequences for.species and *** Metabolic Theor. of Ecology(MTE)pr.vides a power.ul fr.mewor. for.pr.dicting climate change impacts on ectother. metabolic *** postulates that physiological and ecological pr.cesses ar. limited by or.anism metabolic r.tes,which scale pr.dictably with body mass and *** pur.ose of this study was to deter.ine if differ.nt metabolic pr.xies gener.te differ.nt empir.cal estimates of key MTE model par.meter. for.the aquatic fr.g Xenopus laevis when allowed to exhibit nor.al diving *** used a novel methodological appr.ach in combining a flow-thr.ugh r.spir.metr. setup with the open-sour.e Ar.uino platfor. to measur. mass and temper.tur. effects on 4 differ.nt pr.xies for.whole-body metabolism(total O_(2) consumption,cutaneous O_(2) consumption,pulmonar. O_(2) consumption,and ventilation fr.quency),following ther.al acclimation to one of 3 temper.tur.s(8℃,17℃,or.26℃).Differ.nt metabolic pr.xies gener.ted differ.nt mass-scaling exponents(b)and activation ener.y(EA)estimates,highlighting the impor.ance of metabolic pr.xy selection when par.meter.zing MTE-der.ved *** acclimated to 17℃ had higher.O_(2) consumption acr.ss all temper.tur.s,but ther.al acclimation did not influence estimates of key MTE par.meter. EA and *** r.spir.tion gener.ted lower.MTE par.meter. than pulmonar. r.spir.tion,consistent with temper.tur. and mass constr.ints on dissolved oxygen availability,SA:V r.tios,and diffusion distances acr.ss *** r.sults show that the choice of metabolic pr.xy can have a big impact on empir.cal estimates for.key MTE model par.meter..

关键词： Afr.can clawed fr.g amphibian pneumotachogr.phy ther.al biology

A CASE FOr.SUSTAINABLE SECUr.TY SYSTEMS ENGINEEr.NG:INTEGr.TING NATIONAL,HUMAN,ENEr.Y AND ENVIr.NMENTAL SECUr.TY

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Jour.al of Systems Science and Systems Engineer.ng 2009年第4期18卷 385-402页

作者： jason K. LEVY L. Douglas Wilder.School of Gover.ment and Public Affair. Virginia Commonwealth University

In the wake of the September.11,2001 ter.or.st attacks, ther. is a gr.wing sense of insecur.ty felt by many citizens ar.und the wor.d. Sustainable secur.ty, with r.ots in the sustainable development and human secur.ty liter.tur., seeks positive tr.nsfor.ations for.the co-evolving and mutually dependent human-envir.nmental condition by integr.ting （and subsuming） national, human, envir.nmental, and ener.y secur.ty concems and capitalizing on oppor.unities pr.vided by human cr.ativity, diplomatic openings, moder.ization and envir.nmental change. The field of Sustainable Secur.ty Systems Engineer.ng is pr.posed for.pr.tecting, r.stor.ng, designing, and implementing a set of integr.ted natur.l and man-made pr.cesses that equitably and r.sponsibly meet the biophysical needs of human communities, while maintaining long-ter. secur.ty, r.specting financial constr.ints, meeting ecological limits, and impr.ving institutional ar.angements for.tr.nspar.nt and effective gover.ance. Scenar.o planning is shown to help pr.mote sustainable secur.ty by identifying the pr.conditions of instability and helping to pr.actively addr.ss them in an incr.asingly complex and uncer.ain wor.d. The six paper. published in this featur.d collection cr.ss policy domains, geogr.phic, political, and sector.l boundar.es and wer. discussed at for.ms sponsor.d by the Systems Engineer.ng and Global Policy gr.up. Collectively, they demonstr.te the quality, br.adth and depth of systems engineer.ng methodologies that ar. used to pr.mote sustainable secur.ty.

关键词： Sustainable secur.ty systems engineer.ng national secur.ty human secur.ty envir.nment and ener.y scenar.o planning

Why Pr.ctice Makes Per.ect Sense: the Past, Pr.sent and Potential Futur. of the PPP Par.digm in Language Teacher.Education

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基础教育外语教学研究 2023年第2期 29-34页

作者： jason Ander.on 不详

(接上期)Context 3:EFL and ESOL lear.er. at lower.levels of achievement The thir. context r.lates lar.ely to my own teaching in the adult EFL and ESC OL sector. in the UK,wher. I make use of PPP with classes of lear.er. that tend towar.s the following char.cter.stics:*** levels of over.ll language pr.ficiency;*** language lear.ing aptitude;*** levels of liter.cy;*** levels of lear.er.autonomy;*** exper.ence of for.al classr.om study;*** educational needs.

关键词： own Per.ect for.al

Micr.bial Electr.synthesis for.Pr.ducing Medium Chain Fatty Acids

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Engineer.ng 2022年第9期16卷 141-153页

作者： Na Chu Wen Hao Qinglian Wu Qinjun Liang Yong Jiang Peng Liang Zhiyong jason r.n r.ymond Jianxiong Zeng Fujian Pr.vincial Key Labor.tor. of Soil Envir.nmental Health and r.gulation College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key Joint Labor.tor. of Envir.nment Simulation and Pollution Contr.l School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Ar.hitectur. and Envir.nment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Depar.ment of Civil and Envir.nmental Engineer.ng&Andlinger.Center.for.Ener.y and the Envir.nment Princeton UniversityPrincetonNJ 08544USA

Micr.bial electr.synthesis(MES)employs micr.bial catalysts and electr.chemistr. to enhance CO_(2)bioconver.ion to or.anics with concur.ent waste bior.fining *** aim of this r.view is to compr.hensively discuss the cur.ent state of the ar. and pr.spects of medium chain fatty acids(MCFAs)pr.duction in MES fr.m CO_(2)and or.anic *** mechanisms and development of MCFAs pr.duction via conventional fer.entation ar. intr.duced as *** on MCFAs pr.duction in MES ar. summar.zed,highlighting the str.tegy of multiple-electr.n donor.(EDs).Challenges for.MCFAs pr.duction in MES fr.m CO_(2)ar. pr.sented,and the pr.mar. discussions included methanogenesis inhibition,adenosine tr.phosphate(ATP)limitations of acetogens,and pr.duction of limited EDs via *** applications of electr.chemical appr.aches to pr.mote the bioconver.ion of actual waste mater.als with MCFAs pr.duction ar. ***,futur. dir.ctions ar. explor.d,including multi-stage r.actions,substr.te supply,pr.duct extr.ction,and micr.bial pathways.

关键词： Electr.-fer.entation Micr.bial electr.chemistr. Acetogen Chain elongation Electr.active micr.or.anism