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Exercise Catheterization for Hemodynamic Evaluation of Adults with Coarctation of the Aorta

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第6期17卷 605-615页

作者： Irene Martin de Miguel C.Charles Jain Alexander C.Egbe jason H.Anderson Heidi M.Connolly William R.Miranda Department of Cardiovascular Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine Division of Pediatric CardiologyMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA

Background: Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is associated with a generalized arteriopathy and long-term complicationsdespite repair. Data on invasive exercise hemodynamics in this population are lacking. Accordingly, wereviewed adults with CoA undergoing exercise catheterization to assess 1. hemodynamic profile;2. feasibilityfor assessment of CoA severity. Methods: Twenty patients undergoing exercise cardiac catheterization (12 armadduction and 8 supine cycle ergometry) at a quaternary care center between 2004 and 2021 were identified. Restingand exercise hemodynamic data were abstracted from the procedure logs. Results: Mean age was 43.6 ±12.0 years. Eleven patients (55%) had resting pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) >15 mmHg;amongthose undergoing arterial catheterization, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure was >15 mmHg in 63%. Elevenpatients (55%) had pulmonary hypertension: 7 (35%) combined and 4 (20%) isolated post-capillary. At peak exercise,ΔPAWP/Δcardiac output (CO) ≥2 and Δmean pulmonary artery pressure/ΔCO ≥3 mmHg/l/min were foundin 7 (78%) and 6 (67%) patients, respectively;the composite of exercise PAWP ≥25 mmHg or ΔPAWP/ΔCO>2 was seen in 12 (86%). CoA peak-to-peak gradients at baseline (n = 14) and during exercise (n = 9) were 12(3–16) and 16 mmHg (9–28), respectively. Only 2 patients had an increase in CoA gradient to >20 mmHg withexercise. Conclusions: Diastolic dysfunction and pulmonary hypertension were highly prevalent, with exerciseunmasking abnormal diastolic and pulmonary vascular reserve in some individuals. Most patients failed to showsignificant increases in CoA peak-to-peak gradients with exercise. Further studies are warranted to establish thebest diagnostic method for CoA severity assessment.

关键词： Coarctation of the aorta exercise heart catheterization diastolic dysfunction hypertension

Concepts and opportunities for repair in cerebral microvascular disease and white matter stroke

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第9期11卷 1398-1400页

作者： Guanxi Xiao jason D.Hinman Department of Neurology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of California Los Angeles

Diffuse changes in white matter resulting from cerebral microvascular disease contribute to cognitive impairment （Jokinen et al., 2011）, declines in global functionality （Inzitari et al., 2009）, and even death （Debette and Markus, 2010）. Twenty years ago, estimations of the clinical incidence of ce- rebral microvascular disease approached 11 million per year in the US alone （leary and Saver, 2003）. More recent estima- tions suggest the prevalence of diffuse white matter disease and silent brain infarction approaches 20% and increases dramatically in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors （Fanning et al., 2014）.

关键词： Concepts and opportunities for repair in cerebral microvascular disease and white matter stroke

leveraging Hazard,Exposure,and Social Vulnerability Data to Assess Flood Risk to Indigenous Communities in Canada

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第6期12卷 821-838页

作者： liton Chakraborty jason Thistlethwaite Andrea Minano Daniel Henstra Daniel Scott Public Safety Canada.Ottawa.ON K1A OPS.Canada Department of Geography and Environmental Management.Faculty of En\imnmcnt.University of Waleiioo Waicrloo.ON N2A 0E9.Canada School of En\imnmcnt.Enterprise and De\elopmont.Faculty of Environment University of WaterlooWaterloo.ON N2L 3GICanada Department of Political Science University of Waterloo.Waterloo.ON N2L 3GL Canada

This study integrates novel data on 100-year flood hazard extents,exposure of residential properties,and place-based social vulnerability to comprehensively assess and compare flood risk between Indigenous communities living on 985 reserve lands and other Canadian communities across 3701 census ***-scale exposure of residential properties to fluvial,pluvial,and coastal flooding was estimated at the 100-year return period.A social vulnerability index(SVI)was developed and included 49 variables from the national census that represent demographic,social,economic,cultural,and infrastructure/community indicators of *** information system-based bivariate choropleth mapping of the composite SVI scores and of flood exposure of residential properties and population was completed to assess the spatial variation of flood *** found that about 81%of the 985 Indigenous land reserves had some flood exposure that impacted either population or residential *** analysis indicates that residential property-level flood exposure is similar between non-Indigenous and Indigenous communities,but socioeconomic vulnerability is higher on reserve lands,which confirms that the overall risk of Indigenous communities is *** suggest the need for more local verification of flood risk in Indigenous communities to address uncertainty in national scale analysis.

关键词： Canada Flood risk assessment Indigenous communities Social vulnerability

Phenotypic and genomic relationships between vulva score categories and reproductive performance in first-parity sows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第2期12卷 479-491页

作者： Flor-Anita Corredor leticia P.Sanglard jason W.Ross Aileen F.Keating Richard J.leach Nick V.l.Serão Department of Animal Science Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA Iowa Pork Industry Center Iowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA

Background:One of the biggest challenges in the swine industry is to increase female reproductive ***,vulva score categories(VSC),assessed prior to puberty,has been proposed as an indicator trait of efficient reproductive performance in *** objective of this study was to validate the use of VSC as an indicator trait for reproductive performance,and to perform genetic and genomic analyses for ***:The phenotypic relationship of VSC,using a three-point scale:small(VSC-S),medium(VSC-M),and large(VSC-l),on reproductive performance was evaluated on three *** was measured at 15 weeks of age,for farms 1 and 2,and at 14 weeks of age for farm 3 on 3981 Yorkshire gilts,in which 1083 had genotypes(~50 K SNPs).Genetic parameters for VSC with reproductive traits were estimated using ssGBlUP.A Genome-wide association study(GWAS)for VSC was performed using ***:For the phenotypic analysis of VSC across datasets,differences in performance were identified there was a significant effect(P≤0.05)for the interaction between Farm and VSC for total number dead(TND),and a trend(Pl number born(TNB).There were significant(P≤0.05)pre-defined contrasts of VSC-S versus VSC-M+l on TNB,number born alive(NBA),TND,number of stillborn(NSB),and number of mummies(MUM).Heritability estimates for VSC as a categorical trait(VSCc)and a quantitative trait(VSCq)were 0.40±0.02 and 0.83±0.02,respectively,for across farm,0.13±0.07 and 0.20±0.10,respectively,for Farm1,0.07±0.07 and 0.09±0.09,respectively,for Farm2,and 0.20±0.03 and 0.34±0.05,respectively,for *** across farms,favorable genetic correlations estimates were found for TNB(0.28±0.19)and NBA(0.26±0.17).Within farms,moderate genetic correlations between VSC with reproductive traits were found for TNB(0.61±0.47)and MUM(0.69±0.47)for farm 1,for number of services until first farrow(NS;0.69±0.38)and unique service with successful first farrow(SFS;−0.71±0.38)for farm *** genomic regions

关键词： Genetic parameters GWAS Reproduction Swine Vulva

Geographic patterns of plant-herbivore interactions are driven by soil fertility

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2019年第4期12卷 653-661页

作者： Joshua S.lynn jason D.Fridley Department of Biology Syracuse UniversitySyracuseNY 13244USA Department of Biology University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNM 87131USA

Aims Geographic patterns of the intensity of plant herbivory in relation to climate factors have garnered little general support and appear to be species ***,plant-herbivore interactions are also driven by resource availability,such as soil nutrient content,and it remains unclear whether broad-scale variation in soil factors is reflected in herbivore consumption rates across species’***,we know little of how intraspecific variation in tissue quality associates with edaphic and climatic factors,and how this variation controls herbivore *** resource availability hypothesis(RAH)predicts that plant individuals growing in low-resource environments will have lower leaf nutritional quality and more constitutive defenses,which will result in lower rates of leaf *** We collected leaves from the old-field dominant species,Solidago altissima l.,from 20 sites across 10 degrees of latitude in the Eastern USA to determine the percentage leaf area consumed by insect *** obtained soil and climate data for each site,as well as plant functional and defensive traits,including specific leaf area(SlA),leaf carbon:nitrogen(C:N),and trichome *** Findings Although we found no significant latitudinal trend of leaf consump-tion rate,there was strong evidence that leaf herbivory decreased with leaf C:N and trichome density,which themselves decreased with soil N,supporting our hypothesis that the RAH applies for intraspecific variation across spatial ***,high precipitation seasonality and soil nitrogen predicted decreased *** results suggest that spatial variation in herbivory can be driven by factors other than herbivore communities and climatic gradients,and that bottom-up processes,where plant traits and soil fertility control leaf consumption,must be incorporated into spatial predictions of herbivory.

关键词： biogeography bottom-up controls old fields plant-insect interactions plant functional and defense traits

Crustacean parasites associated with hermit crabs from the western Mediterranean Sea,with first documentation of egg predation by the burrowing barnacle Trypetesa lampas(Cirripedia:Acrothoracica:Trypetesidae)

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Integrative Zoology 2011年第1期6卷 13-27页

作者： jason D.WIllIAMS Alejandra GAllARDO Angela E.MURPHY Department of Biology Hofstra UniversityHempsteadNYUSA

Parasitic isopods(family Bopyridae)and burrowing barnacles(family Trypetesidae)infesting hermit crabs were investigated from shallow subtidal collections made along the southeastern coast of Spain in 2009.A total of 713 specimens of Clibanarius erythropus(latreille,1818)and 82 Calcinus tubularis(l.,1767)were *** shells and worm tubes inhabited by hermit crabs were collected by hand while snorkeling and were cracked to determine host species,size,sex and presence of *** species of bopyrid isopods were found on ***:the branchial parasite Bopyrissa fraiseii(Carayon,1943)and the abdominal parasite Parathelges cardonae Codreanu and Codreanu in Codreanu,*** all *** examined,Bopyrissa fraiseii was found on 0.6%of hermit crabs and *** was found on 0.3%.A redescription of *** is provided and the species is documented with light and scanning electron microscopy for the first *** Calcinus tubularis harbored parasitic isopods,but one specimen was parasitized by an unidentified rhizocephalan barnacle of the genus Septosaccus(1.2%).The burrowing barnacle Trypetesa lampas(Hancock,1849)was found associated with both hermit crab species and evidence of predation on host eggs by this barnacle is shown for the first *** lampas was found in 4.2%of the shells *** present study expands our knowledge of the parasite fauna of hermit crabs from the Mediterranean Sea and indicates that additional research is needed to determine the impact of trypetesid egg predators on hermit crab populations.

关键词： Bopyridae egg predator Isopoda parasitism Rhizocephala

GEOSENSING SYSTEMS ENGINEERING FOR OCEAN SECURITY AND SUSTAINABlE COASTAl ZONE MANAGEMENT

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2010年第1期19卷 22-35页

作者： Hamid ASSIlZADEH jason K. lEVY Xin WANG Yang GAO Zhinong ZHONG Department of Geomaties Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada l. Douglas Wilder School of Government and Public Affairs Virginia Commonwealth University Department of Geomatics Engineering University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada School of Electronic Science and Engineering National University of Defense Technology Changsha China

Three major threats to ocean security and coastal zone sustainability - global warming, the loss of ocean biodiversity, and pollution - are combining to threaten the ecological integrity of our marine environment and life support systems. We put forward a geomatics-based systems engineering architecture to identify the location and extent of oil spills, thereby improving the ecological integrity of the world＇s oceans and helping contingency planners to determine required assets, personnel and other resources. This real-time, event-based and cost effective emergency management decision support system can aid in the classification, detection, and monitoring of oil spills in the marine environment. The developed Synthetic-Aperture Radar （SAR） processing and calibration techniques efficiently monitor environmental changes in inaccessible ocean regions, characterize oil spill scenarios, and help to identify spill sources. The system is used to improve emergency management in the Gulf of Mexico, with application to oil spills arising from Hurricane Katrina.

关键词： Ocean security geosensing systems engineering coastal zone management SAR

Recovery rates of combination antibiotic therapy using in vitro microdialysis simulating in vivo conditions

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2018年第6期8卷 407-412页

作者： Jayesh A.Dhanani Suzanne l.Parker Jeffrey lipman Steven C.Wallis Jeremy Cohen John Fraser Adrian Barnett Michelle Chew jason A.Roberts Burns Trauma and Critical Care Research Centre The University of Queensland UQ Centre for Clinical Research Department of Intensive Care Medicine Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital Faculty of Health Queensland University of Technology Critical Care Research Group The University of Queensland Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation & School of Public Health and Social Work Queensland University of Technology Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care and Department of Medical and Health Sciences Link?ping University School of Pharmacy The University of Queensland Department of Pharmacy Royal Brisbane & Women's Hospital

Microdialysis is a technique used to measure the unbound antibiotic concentration in the interstitial spaces, the target site of action. In vitro recovery studies are essential to calibrating the microdialysis system for in vivo studies. The effect of a combination of antibiotics on recovery into microdialysate requires investigation. In vitro microdialysis recovery studies were conducted on a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin, in a simulated in vivo model. Comparison was made between recoveries for three different concentrations and three different perfusate flow rates. The overall relative recovery for vancomycin was lower than that of tobramycin. For tobramycin, a concentration of 20μg/ml and flow rate of 1.0μl/min had the best recovery. A concentration of 5.0μg/ml and flow rate of 1.0μl/min yielded maximal recovery for vancomycin. large molecular size and higher protein binding resulted in lower relative recoveries for vancomycin. Perfusate flow rates and drug concentrations affected the relative recovery when a combination of vancomycin and tobramycin was tested. low perfusate flow rates were associated with higher recovery rates. For combination antibiotic measurement which includes agents that are highly protein bound, in vitro studies performed prior to in vivo studies may ensure the reliable measurement of unbound concentrations.

关键词： Microdialysis Combination antibiotic therapy Relative recovery rate Pharmacokinetics Anti-infectives Protein binding

Unplanned hospitalizations for metastatic cancers:The changing patterns of inpatient palliative care,discharge to hospice care,and in-hospital mortality in the United States

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第1期5卷 13-28页

作者： jason l.Salemi Charles C.Chima Kiara K.Spooner Roger J.Zoorob Department of Family and Community Medicine Baylor College of MedicineHoustonTXUSA

Objective:To describe the rates and temporal trends of inpatient end-of-life care among patients hospitalized with metastatic cancer in the United ***:We used data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of unplanned inpatient hospitalizations of patients aged 18 years or older with metastatic cancer from 2002 to *** logistic regression was used to assess patient-and hospital-level predictors of discharge to hospice care,palliative care,and in-hospital *** trends in outcomes were characterized with use of joinpoint ***:There were an estimated 350,241 unplanned hospitalizations per year of patients with a diagnosis of metastatic *** their inpatient stay,5.8%of patients received palliative care,and among those discharged alive,12.2%were referred to hospice *** rate of inpatient palliative care increased from 2.3%to 13.6%,the rate of discharge to hospice care increased from 4.1%to 15.6%,and the in-hospital mortality rate decreased from more than 14.0%to 9.8%.These patterns were consistent across cancer subtypes,and were most pronounced among patients with extreme risk of ***:Despite increases in the provision of comfort-oriented care to patients with meta-static cancer,few receive such *** recommend screening protocols in hospitals to identify patients who are good candidates for palliative care consultation and hospice referral.

关键词： End-of-life hospice care inpatient mortality metastatic cancer palliative care unplanned hospitalization