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Energy Harvesting in the Wake of An Inverted C-Shaped Bluff Body

China Ocean Engineering 2024年第1期38卷 68-80页

作者： WANG Jun-lei lI Shen-fang Md.Mahbub AlAM ZHU Hong-jun HU guo-biao School of Mechanical and Power Engineering Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450000China Center for Turbulence Control Harbin Institute of Technology(Shenzhen)Shenzhen 518055China State Key laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Internet of Things Thrust The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511400China

This paper proposes a novel wake-induced vibration(WIV)-based energy harvesting system consisting of two bluff *** inverted C-shaped bluff body is stationary installed at the upstream position to generate an interference wake street,and a cylinder bluff body equipped with a transducer is elastically suspended at the downstream position to harness WIV *** hydrodynamics and energy harvesting(EH)performance of the proposed system are investigated via experimental *** reduced velocity(U*)ranging from 2 to 14(the corresponding Reynolds number ranging from 15100 to 106200)is considered in the present *** is found that the wake generated by the inverted C-shaped bluff body significantly affects the EH *** the opening angle(α)of the C-shaped bluff body increases the vibration amplitude of the downstream cylinder,thereby increasing the harvested *** the spacing(l)between two bluff bodies is two times the cylinder diameter(D),the wake-induced vibration(WIV)mode is observed,while the combined WIV and wake galloping(WG)mode occurs whenαis 150°,and l equals 3D or *** average drag coefficient becomes negative when l is 2D,3D,or *** carefully configuring a C-shaped bluff body,the wake generated by it can bring an augmenting effect on the vibration of the downstream EH *** example,the RMS power output of the proposed EH system reaches a maximum of 0.31 W at U*=8 and l=4D,which is 300%greater than that of its traditional ***,after a number of case stud-ies,it is identified that the proposed EH system can achieve the best performance whenαis 150°and l=2D.

关键词： wake-induced vibration vortex-induced vibration galloping energy harvesting bluff body

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Stereoselective Self-Assembly of Chiral Metalla[2]Catenanes and lemniscular Macrocycles

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第8期6卷 2000-2010页

作者： Shu-Jin Bao Hai-Ning Zhang guo-Xin Jin Shanghai Key laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of PolymersDepartment of ChemistryFudan UniversityShanghai 200433

Designing and stereoselectively constructing chiral mechanically interlocked molecules(MIMs)is a goal that many chemists are pursuing due to their potential in the development of functional molecular machines involved in catalysis,sensing,and chiroptical ***,the synthesis of enantiopure supramolecular entities with crystallographic structures remains ***,the stereoselective self-assembly of chiral metalla[2]catenanes interlocked by two D-shaped macrocycles was realized by combining long binuclear half-sandwich organometallic Cp*Rh^(III)(Cp*=η^(5)-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)clip and ditopic monodentate ligand incorporating l-leucine *** resulting metalla[2]catenane displayed unique co-conformational mechanical helical chirality characteristics arising from the chirality transfer of the chiral ***,decreasing the length of the binuclear Cp*Rh^(III)clip and adjusting the steric hindrance of the amino-acid side chains(l-alanine and l-phenylalanine)in the ligands resulted in two lemniscular macrocycles with left-handed(M)-twisted conformational *** the best of our knowledge,the synthesized macrocycles are the first family of homochiral abnormal lemniscate-shaped organometallic macrocycles featuring figure-eight ***[2]catenanes and macrocycles with opposite chirality were also generated by employing corresponding D-amino acid ligands,as evidenced by single-crystal X-ray diffraction,nuclear magnetic resonance,mass,and circular dichroism *** present study demonstrates that homochiral MIMs can be accessed readily using amino acid–containing ligands through rational molecular design.

关键词： stereoselective synthesis chirality metallacatenanes twisted macrocycles aminoacid residues

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Effect of mutations on acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS)function in Cyperus difformis l.

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第1期23卷 177-186页

作者： Xiaotong guo Xiangju li Zheng li licun Peng Jingchao Chen Haiyan Yu Hailan Cui State Key laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Cyperus difformis *** a troublesome weed in paddy fields and has attracted attention due to its resistance to acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS)*** was found that the amino acid mutation in AHAS was the primary cause for the resistance of Cyperus ***,the effect of different mutations on AHAS function is not clear in Cyperus *** confirm the effect of mutations on AHAS function,six biotypes were collected,including Pro197Arg,Pro197Ser,Pro197leu,Asp376Glu,Trp574leu and wild type,from Hunan,Anhui,Jiangxi and Jiangsu provinces,China and the function of AHAS was *** AHAS in vitro inhibition assay results indicated that the mutations decreased the sensitivity of AHAS to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl,in which the I_(50)(the half maximal inhibitory concentration)of wild type AHAS was 0.04μmol l^(-1)and Asp376Glu,Pro197leu,Pro197Arg,Pro197Ser and Trp574leu mutations were 3.98,11.50,40.38,38.19 and 311.43μmol l^(-1),*** the determination of enzyme kinetics parameters,the Km and the maximum reaction velocity(Vmax)of the wild type were 5.18 mmol l^(-1)and 0.12 nmol mg^(-1)min^(-1),respectively,and the Km values of AHAS with Asp376Glu,Trp574leu,Pro197leu and Pro197Ser mutations were 0.38-0.93 times of the wild *** Km value of the Pro197Arg mutation was 1.14times of the wild type,and the Vmax values of the five mutations were 1.17-3.33-fold compared to the wild *** was found that the mutations increased the affinity of AHAS to the substrate,except for the Pro197Arg *** a concentration of 0.0032-100 mmol l^(-1)branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs),the sensitivity of the other four mutant AHAS biotypes to feedback inhibition decreased,except for the Pro197Arg *** study elucidated the effect of different mutations on AHAS function in Cyperus difformis and provided ideas for further study of resistance development.

关键词： acetohydroxyacid synthase(AHAS) mutation enzyme function Cyperus difformis

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The co-transport of Cd(Ⅱ) and nZnO in saturated soil packed column:effects of ionic strength and pH

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Acta Geochimica 2024年第1期43卷 97-109页

作者： Min liao guo Bin Yixin luo Yuhao Zhang Kangyou Hu Xiongxiong lu Xiaomei Xie College of Environmental and Resource Science Zhejiang UniversityYuhangtang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China Zhejiang Provincial Key laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition Yuhangtang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China National Demonstration Center for Experimental Environmental and Resources Education(Zhejiang University) Yuhangtang Road No.866Hangzhou 310058China

The rapid development and widespread use of ZnO nanoparticles(nZnO) in various industries have raised concerns about their potential environmental ***,understanding the fate and role of nZnO in the natural environment is crucial for mitigating their hazardous effects on the environment and human *** purpose of the present study was to provide scientific support for understanding and eliminating the joint risk of nanoparticle and heavy metal pollution in the soil environment by revealing the co-transport characteristics of Cd(Ⅱ) and ZnO nanoparticles(nZnO) in soil under different ionic strength(IS) and *** impacts of different IS and pH on the co-transport of Cd(Ⅱ) and nZnO in a20 cm long with an inner diameter of 2.5 cm acrylic column packed with 10 cm high soil samples were investigated in the present *** the above system,a500 μg l^(-1) Cd(Ⅱ) loaded nZnO suspension pulse with varying IS or pH was introduced into the soil column for leaching over 5 PVs,followed up by 5 PVs background solutions without *** IS was 1,10,or 50 mM NaCl,with pH6,or the pH was 6,7 or 8 with 1 mM ***,Sedimentation experiments for nZnO,adsorption of Cd(Ⅱ) on soil,and nZnO,DlVO theory calculation for the same background condition were *** presence of nZnO significantly increased the mobility of Cd(Ⅱ) as a result of its strong adsorption capacity for nZnO-associated Cd(Ⅱ).However,with the increase of IS,the co-transport of nZnO and Cd(Ⅱ) was decreased and the retention of nZnO in the soil column due to more nZnO attended to aggregate and sediment during the transport and the decrease in the adsorption capacity of nZnO for Cd(Ⅱ) by competition of Na^(+).When pH was 6,7,and 8,the co-transport of nZnO and Cd(Ⅱ) increased with higher pH due to the lower electrostatic attraction between nZnO and soil under higher ***,the DlVO theory was fitted to describe the above co-transport process of nZnO and Cd(Ⅱ).More attention should be paid to

关键词： ZnO Nanoparticles Cadimium Soil Co-transport

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Heterogeneous expression of stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase genes SAD1 and SAD2 from linum usitatissimum enhances seed oleic acid accumulation and seedling cold and drought tolerance in Brassica napus

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第6期23卷 1864-1878页

作者： Jianjun Wang Yanan Shao Xin Yang Chi Zhang Yuan guo Zijin liu Mingxun Chen State Key laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/National Yangling Agricultural Biotechnology&Breeding Center/Shaanxi Key laboratory of Crop Heterosis/College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China

Flax(linum usitatissimum l.)is a versatile crop and its seeds are a major source of unsaturated fatty ***-acyl carrier protein desaturase(SAD)is a dehydrogenase enzyme that plays a key role in oleic acid biosynthesis as well as responses to biotic and abiotic ***,the function of SAD orthologs from *** has not been ***,we found that two luSAD genes,luSAD1 and luSAD2,are present in the genome of *** cultivar‘longya 10’.Heterogeneous expression of either luSAD1 or luSAD2 in Arabidopsis thaliana resulted in higher contents of total fatty acids and oleic acid in the ***,ectopic expression of luSAD2 in *** caused altered plant ***,the overexpression of either luSAD1 or luSAD2 in Brassica napus also resulted in increased contents of total fatty acids and oleic acid in the ***,we demonstrated that either luSAD1 or luSAD2 enhances seedling resistance to cold and drought stresses by improving antioxidant enzyme activity and nonenzymatic antioxidant levels,as well as reducing membrane *** findings not only broaden our knowledge of the luSAD functions in plants,but also offer promising targets for improving the quantity and quality of oil,and the abiotic stress tolerance of oil-producing crops,through molecular manipulation.

关键词： luSAD oleic acid cold tolerance drought tolerance linum usitatissimum Brassica napus

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GENERAlIZED FOREllI-RUDIN TYPE OPERATORS BETWEEN SEVERAl FUNCTION SPACES ON THE UNIT BAll OF C^(N)

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Acta Mathematica Scientia 2024年第4期44卷 1301-1326页

作者： Xuejun ZHANG Yuting guo Hongxin CHEN Pengcheng TANG College of Mathematics and Statistics Hunan Normal University.Changsha 410081China School of Mathematics Hunan UniversityChangsha 410082China School of Mathematics and Computational Science Hunan University of Science and TechnologyXiangtan 411201China

In this paper,we investigate sufficient and necessary conditions such that generalized Forelli-Rudin type operators T_(λ,τ,k),S_(λ,τ,k),Q_(λ,τ,k)and R_(λ,τ,k)are bounded between lebesgue type *** order to prov... 详细信息

关键词： Forelli-Rudin type operator l^(p,q,s,k)(B_(n))space boundedness unit ball

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Effects of zeolite imidazole frameworks on rice seedlings (Oryza sativa l.): Phytotoxicity, transformation, and bioaccumulation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期144卷 15-25页

作者： Chaofa Chen Yongqi Yao Chenghua Xing Yunyu guo luyi Cai Jianfang Yan Xi-lin Wu Miaozhen Cai College of Geography and Environmental Science Zhejiang Normal UniversityJinhuaZhejiang 321004China College of Agriculture Jinhua PolytechnicJinhuaZhejiang 321007China

Zeolite imidazole frameworks(ZIFs),a class of the metal organic framework,have been extensively studied in environmental ***,their environmental fate and potential ecological impact on plants remain ***,we investigated the phytotoxicity,transformation,and bioaccumulation processes of two typical ZIFs(ZIF-8 and ZIF-67)in rice(Oryza sativa l.)under hydroponic ***-8 and ZIF-67 in the concentration of 50 mg/l decreased root and shoot dry weight maximally by 55.2%and 27.5%,53.5%and 37.5%,*** scanning electron microscopy(SEM)imaging combined with X-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns revealed that ZIFs on the root surface gradually collapsed and transformed into nanosheets with increasing cultivation *** fluorescein isothiocyanate(FITC)labeled ZIFs were applied to trace the uptake and translocation of ZIFs in *** results demonstrated that the transformed ZIFs were mainly distributed in the intercellular spaces of rice root,while they cannot be transported to culms and *** so,the Co and Zn contents of rice roots and shoots in the ZIFs treated groups were increased by 1145%and 1259%,145%and 259%,respectively,compared with the control *** findings suggested that the phytotoxicity of ZIFs are primarily attributed to the transformed ZIFs and to a less extent,the metal ions and their ligands,and they were internalized by rice root and increased the Co and Zn contents of *** study reported the transformation of ZIFs and their biological effectiveness in rice,highlighting the potential environmental hazards and risks of ZIFs to crop plants.

关键词： Zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) Rice(Oryza sativa l.) Phytotoxicity Transformed ZIFs ZIFs bioaccumulation

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基于背景噪声反演华南块体岩石圈三维S波速度结构

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北京大学学报（自然科学版） 2024年第3期60卷 442-452页

作者：吕杰陈永顺郭震北京大学地球与空间科学学院北京100871 南方科技大学海洋科学与工程系深圳518055

利用背景噪声方法,对布设在华南块体及其周边区域数个流动地震台阵中共704个地震台站的连续数据进行分析,反演得到华南岩石圈的三维S波速度结构。结果表明,地表附近S波速度结构与华南块体的地表构造高度相关,低速异常区集中在四川盆地... 详细信息

利用背景噪声方法,对布设在华南块体及其周边区域数个流动地震台阵中共704个地震台站的连续数据进行分析,反演得到华南岩石圈的三维S波速度结构。结果表明,地表附近S波速度结构与华南块体的地表构造高度相关,低速异常区集中在四川盆地和江汉盆地等沉积层较厚的区域。江南造山带的中上地壳呈现明显的高速异常,该高速异常即为华夏块体与扬子块体的分界区域。华夏块体中地壳低速异常区与该区域广泛分布的中生代花岗岩对应较好。华南上地幔岩石圈的东部与西部存在显著的速度差异,西部呈现显著的高速异常,反映西部四川盆地底部稳固的克拉通结构;上地幔的低速异常揭示华南东部岩石圈因太平洋板块俯冲的影响而明显减薄(<70km)。推测华夏块体以琼州海峡为中心的上地幔显著低速区可能对应海南地幔柱的热物质上涌。

关键词：华南块体 S波速度结构江南造山带板块俯冲

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Amplifiable protein identification via residue-resolved barcoding and composition code counting

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National Science Review 2024年第7期11卷 205-217页

作者： Weiming guo Yuan liu Yu Han Huan Tang Xinyuan Fan Chu Wang Peng R.Chen Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationCollege of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Peking-Tsinghua Center for life Sciences Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies Peking University

Ultrasensitive protein identification is of paramount importance in basic research and clinical diagnostics but remains extremely challenging. A key bottleneck in preventing single-molecule protein sequencing is that, unlike the revolutionary nucleic acid sequencing methods that rely on the polymerase chain reaction(PCR) to amplify DNA and RNA molecules, protein molecules cannot be directly amplified. Decoding the proteins via amplification of certain fingerprints rather than the intact protein sequence thus represents an appealing alternative choice to address this formidable challenge. Herein, we report a proof-of-concept method that relies on residue-resolved DNA barcoding and composition code counting for amplifiable protein fingerprinting(AmproCode). In AmproCode, selective types of residues on peptides or proteins are chemically labeled with a DNA barcode, which can be amplified and quantified via quantitative PCR. The operation generates a relative ratio as the residue-resolved ‘composition code’ for each target protein that can be utilized as the fingerprint to determine its identity from the proteome database. We developed a database searching algorithm and applied it to assess the coverage of the whole proteome and secretome via computational simulations, proving the theoretical feasibility of AmproCode. We then designed the residue-specific DNA barcoding and amplification workflow, and identified different synthetic model peptides found in the secretome at as low as the fmol/l level for demonstration. These results build the foundation for an unprecedented amplifiable protein fingerprinting method. We believe that, in the future,AmproCode could ultimately realize single-molecule amplifiable identification of trace complex samples without further purification, and it may open a new avenue in the development of next-generation protein sequencing techniques.

关键词： protein identification amplifiable fingerprinting residue-specific chemistry DNA barcoding composition code counting

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A holistic perspective on Earth system science

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3013-3040页

作者： Yongfei ZHENG Zhengtang guo Nianzhi JIAO Mu MU Shilong PIAO Suiyan FU Dinghui YANG Maoyan ZHU State Key laboratory of lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution School of Earth and Space SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China State Key laboratory of lithospheric and Environmental Coevolution Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China School of Ocean and Earth Sciences Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361102China Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438China School of Environment Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China School of Earth and Space Sciences Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Mathematical Sciences Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China

Earth system can be categorized into three parts, solid Earth system, surface Earth system, and Sun-Earth space system. These three subsystems not only have mutual transmission and coupling relationships in both energy and matter but also involve multiple scales from microscopic to macroscopic. Earth system science is characterized by its globality and unity with a holistic view and a systematic view at multiple scales in both space and time. It focuses not only on the physical, chemical and biological interactions between various geospheres but also on the properties, behaviors, processes, and mechanisms of the entire Earth and its spheres. Although significant progress has been made in the study of internal disciplines of these three subsystems,there is still insufficient understanding of their overall behavior and interactions between individuals, thus facing challenges of different types and levels. The solid Earth system is composed of the crust, mantle, and core. Existing observational techniques struggle to penetrate deep into the mantle, making direct observation and data acquisition difficult;the extreme environments within Earth, such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong magnetic fields, also pose great challenges to observational equipment and scientific experiments. The surface Earth system is an open complex mega-system, in which there are complex interactions and feedback mechanisms among its geospheres(such as atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, pedosphere and lithosphere), leading to difficulties in understanding of its overall behavior and long-term evolution. Biological activities have become increasingly significant in affecting the surface Earth system. The coupling between the internal and external Earth systems becomes more complex. Distinguishing and quantifying the impacts of Earth spherical interactions and biological activities on the surface Earth system is a major challenge. The Sun-Earth space system involves multiple physical

关键词： Earth's interior Earth's exterior Geospheres Energy exchange Material transfer

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