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The role of dietary fibre in pig production,with a particular emphasis on reproduction

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第4期9卷 783-793页

作者： Selene jarrett Cheryl J.Ashworth The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS University of Edinburgh

Fibres from a variety of sources are a common constituent of pig feeds. They provide a means to utilise locallyproduced plant materials which are often a by-product of the food or drink industry. The value of a high fibre diet in terms of producing satiety has long been recognised. However the addition of fibre can reduce feed intake, which is clearly detrimental during stages of the production cycle when nutrient needs are high, for example in growing piglets and during lactation. More recently, fibre has been found to promote novel benefits to pig production systems,particularly given the reduction in antimicrobial use world-wide, concern for the welfare of animals fed a restricted diet and the need to ensure that such systems are more environmentally friendly. For example, inclusion of dietary fibre can alter the gut microbiota in ways that could reduce the need for antibiotics, while controlled addition of certain fibre types may reduce nitrogen losses into the environment and so reduce the environmental cost of pig *** particular potential value is the opportunity to use crude fibre concentrates as ’functional’ feed additives to improve young pig growth and welfare. Perhaps the greatest opportunity for the use of high fibre diets is to improve the reproductive efficiency of pigs. Increased dietary fibre before mating improves oocyte maturation, prenatal survival and litter size; providing a consumer-acceptable means of increasing the amount of saleable meat produced per sow. The mechanisms responsible for these beneficial effects remain to be elucidated. However, changes in plasma and follicular fluid concentrations of key hormones and metabolites, as well as effects of the hypothalamic satiety centre on gonadotrophin secretion and epigenetic effects are strong candidates.

关键词： Fibre Pig Pregnancy Production Reproduction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023年第14期29卷 2127-2133页

作者： Sujani Yadlapati Simone A.jarrett Daniel Baik Adib Chaaya Department of Gastroenterology Cooper University HospitalCooper Medical School of Rowan UniversityCamdenNJ 08103United States Department of Internal Medicine Einstein Medical CenterSidney Kimmel Medical CollegeThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPA 19140United States

Since its emergence in 2019,it has become apparent that coronavirus 2019(COVID-19)infection can result in multi systemic *** addition to pulmonary symptoms,hepatobiliary involvement has been widely *** of hepatic involvement ranges from minor elevation in liver function tests(LFTs)to significant hepatocellular or cholestatic *** majority of cases,resolution of hepatic injury or improvement in LFTs is noted as patients recover from COVID-19 ***,severe biliary tract injury progressing to liver failure has been reported in patients requiring prolonged intensive care unit stay or mechanical *** to the timing of its presentation,this form of progressive cholestatic injury has been referred to as COVID-19 cholangiopathy or post-COVID-19 cholangiopathy,and can result in devastating consequences for ***-19 cholangiopathy is recognized by dramatic elevation in serum alkaline phosphatase and bilirubin and radiologic evidence of bile duct *** in COVID-19 occurs weeks to months after the initial infection and during the recovery *** findings and pathology often resemble bile duct injury associated with primary or secondary sclerosing *** of COVID-19 cholangiopathy is *** mechanisms have been proposed,including direct cholangiocyte injury,vascular compromise,and cytokine release *** review summarizes existing data on COVID-19 cholangiopathy,including reported cases in the literature,proposed pathophysiology,diagnostic testing,and long-term implications.

关键词： COVID-19 cholangiopathy Post COVID-19 cholangiopathy Cholestatic injury Liver transplant

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EFFECT OF GREEN ROOF AGE ON RUNOFF WATER QUALITY IN PORTLAND,OREGON

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Journal of Green Building 2018年第2期13卷 42-54页

作者： jarrett Okita Cara Poor Jessica M.Kleiss Ted Eckmann University of Portland Shiley School of Engineering5000 N Willamette BlvdPortlandOR 97203 Lewis and Clark College Department of Environmental Studies0615 S.W.Palatine Hill RdPortlandOR 97219 University of Portland Department of Environmental StudiesBuckley Center 2135000 N Willamette BlvdPortlandOR 97203

Green roofs have become a common method to increase water retention on-site in urban ***,the long-term water quality of runoff from green roofs is poorly *** study evaluated the water quality of stormwater runoff from a regular(non-vegetated)roof,a green roof installed 6 months previously,and a green roof installed 6 years ago in Portland,*** of runoff were taken during every rain event for 10 months,and analyzed for total phosphorus(TP),phosphate(PO_(4)^(3-)),total nitrogen(TN),nitrate(NO_(3)^(-)),ammonia(NH_(3)),copper(Cu),and zinc(Zn).Runoff from the green roofs had higher concentrations of TP and PO_(4)^(3-)and lower concentrations of Zn compared to the regular *** TP concentrations from the 6-year old roof and 6-month old roof were 6.3 and 14.6 times higher,respectively,than concentrations from the regular roof,and average PO_(4)^(3-)concentrations from the 6-year old roof and 6-month old roof were 13.5 and 26.6 times higher,respectively,compared to the regular *** from the 6-month old green roof had higher concentrations of TP and PO_(4)^(3-)than the 6-year old green roof during the wet season,but lower concentrations during the dry *** 6-month old green roof installations where receiving waters are sensitive or impaired may need additional treatment methods to reduce phosphorus *** green roofs age,water retention decreases and phosphorus leaching increases during the dry season.

关键词： aging and green roofs long term impact of green roofs concentrations of zinc copper phosphorous and phosphate in green roof stormwater runoff soil moisture water quality

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Templating core-shell particles using metal ion-chelating biosurfactants

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Particuology 2022年第5期20卷 145-152页

作者： Ching-Min Yeh Thomas jarrett Yuan Gao Chun-Xia Zhao Andrew Whittaker Frank Sainsbury Alison L.White Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology The University of QueenslandSt.LuciaQueensland4072Australia ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology The University of QueenslandSt Lucia4072Australia CSIRO Probing Biosystems Future Science Platform BrisbaneAustralia Centre for Cell Factories and Biopolymers Griffith Institute for Drug DiscoveryGriffith UniversityBrisbaneQLD4111 Australia

Designer biosurfactants can be used to stabilise and functionalise *** particularly promising use is the stabilisation of oil-in-water emulsions,enabling fine tuning physical,chemical and biological surface *** ability of emulsion systems to carry high payloads makes them attractive for applications in medicine,food and fragrances,and ***,they have limited long-term *** we sought to use the metal ion-chelating ability of the biosurfactant peptide,AM1,to precipitate the formation of a gold metal shell on AM1-stabilised emulsions by electroless *** found that replacing the commonly used zinc(Ⅱ)with palladium(Ⅱ)for coordination by histidine residues of adjacent AM1 peptides produced interfacial films that maintained elasticity at acidic *** NMR suggested a coordination mechanism independent of the imidazole ring of the *** of emulsions at low pH enabled the deposition of a gold shell,albeit by an unexpected *** propose that gold nanoparticles forming in bulk are adsorbed onto the peptide-stabilised interface,accumulating into a particulate *** resulting one-step method for nanoparticle precipitation and shell formation will be useful for the creation of biocompatible core-shell particles for applications where large payloads of hydrophobic active compounds require stability over long time periods.

关键词： Biosurfactants Emulsion Core-shell particles Electroless plating Histidine Interfacial elasticity

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A meta-analytic review of the approach-avoidance achievement goals and performance relationships in the sport psychology literature

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2015年第2期4卷 164-173页

作者： Marc Lochbaum jarrett Gottardy Department of Health Exercise and Sport Sciences Texas Tech University

Purpose： To summarize the approach-avoidance achievement goal and performance in the sport psychology ***： A total of 17 published studies, two of which provided two samples, were located. Accepted meta-analytic procedures were used with Hedges g as the effect size metric. From the 17 studies, 73 effect sizes were ***： Results based on a random effects model indicated that the performance goal contrast had the largest facilitative impact on performance followed by the mastery and performance approach goals. Both of the avoidance goals performance and mastery had small non-significant and detrimental effects on performance. The homogeneity statistics revealed significant heterogeneity for the approach and avoidance performance goals. Categorical moderator variables were examined for study sex composition（male, female, or mixed）, mean age of sample（〈18 years or 18 years）, study setting（lab or naturalistic）, and nature of performance variable（objective or subjective）.Conclusion： The performance goal contrast holds value for sport performance research. Contrary to approach-avoidance predictions, the mastery-approach goal and performance effect size was significant and of equal magnitude as the performance approach goal and performance effect size. Thus, future research should closely test the efficacy of both the mastery- and performance contrasts in impacting performance of sport tasks. Last, the significant effect sizes reported in this review are in stark contrast to contemporary meta-analytic findings in *** in the approach-avoidance goals in sport and education relative to performance should be researched further.

关键词： Mastery approach goals Performance approach goals Performance enhancement Performance goal contrast

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Exogenous Pre-Harvest Treatment with Methyl Jasmonate and Chitosan Elicits Lycopene Biosynthesis in Tomato Plants

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2017年第11期6卷 561-568页

作者： Anne Osano Norman Fultang jarrett Davis Department of Natural Sciences Bowie State University Bowie 20715 USA

In this study, exogenous pre-harvest treatment of tomato plants with MeJA （Methyl Jasmonate） and chitosan was used to elicit lycopene biosynthesis and stimulate plant growth. Lycopene is a bright red carotene and carotenoid pigment found in tomatoes, carrots and other red fruits and vegetables. It is a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from damage and blocks cancerous cell growth. Many studies suggest eating lycopene-rich foods may be directly linked to reducing risk of several cancers, heart disease and stroke, hence there is a need to enhance its levels in tomatoes. Tomato seeds were soaked in MeJA and chitosan solutions of varying concentrations and then planted. The resulting plants were irrigated with the solutions used to soak the seeds, accordingly. The heights of the plants were recorded on a tri-weekly basis and HPLC （High Performance Liquid Chromatography） was used to analyze the effects of the MeJA and chitosan solutions on lycopene yields in the tomato fruits. Analysis of chromatograms obtained from tomato samples in the MeJA and chitosan-treated groups showed enhanced levels of lycopene. Plant growth was not significantly affected by treatment ofMeJA. Chitosan, however, noticeably increased plant growth over 7 weeks.

关键词： Lycopene jasmonates chitosan elicitation tomatoes.

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“Follow You，Learn Well”一名身处中国网络语言教育环境的英语母语者的人种学分析

“Follow You，Learn Well”一名身处中国网络语言教育环境的英语...

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作者： Alison E jarrett 复旦大学

学位级别：硕士

远程协作式语言学习和社交网络领域的研究表明,社会群体是成功的语言学习协作中必不可少的一部分,但唯有依赖全面深度的跨文化沟通,社会群体才能蓬勃发展。目前关于中国网民的行为模式已有大量研究,多以满意度分析为主要形式。本文首次... 详细信息

远程协作式语言学习和社交网络领域的研究表明,社会群体是成功的语言学习协作中必不可少的一部分,但唯有依赖全面深度的跨文化沟通,社会群体才能蓬勃发展。目前关于中国网民的行为模式已有大量研究,多以满意度分析为主要形式。本文首次尝试从人种学的角度探讨中国的社交网络环境。通过参与者观察和专家采访,本文的调研结果一方面为现存的中国网民行为研究提供了新的有力支持,另一方面也介绍了语言学习环境中有关中国网民特征的四个新课题。另外,本文也为跨文化理解的研究奠定了基础,惠及未来的中英文远程协作式语言交流项目,为交流人员和中国网络社区中的英语教师提供了独到的见解和指导方针。

关键词：远程协作式语言学习中国网民知识交流中国网络社区

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美国早期特殊教育师资培养体系反思及启示

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中国特殊教育 2010年第5期 58-64页

作者：苏雪云 Toby Long Lorelei Emma Marian jarrett 华东师范大学特殊教育学系上海200062 乔治敦大学儿童与人类研究中心美国华盛顿特区20057 乔治华盛顿大学教育与人类发展研究院美国华盛顿特区20057

早期特殊教育不仅在促进每个障碍儿童的发展和提高其家庭生活质量方面起着至关重要的作用,而且有着巨大的社会效益和经济效益,是和谐社会的重要组成部分。美国法律规定0-21岁的所有障碍儿童有权获得免费和适当的教育,由具有专业化水平... 详细信息

早期特殊教育不仅在促进每个障碍儿童的发展和提高其家庭生活质量方面起着至关重要的作用,而且有着巨大的社会效益和经济效益,是和谐社会的重要组成部分。美国法律规定0-21岁的所有障碍儿童有权获得免费和适当的教育,由具有专业化水平的相关人员为这些儿童提供服务和支持。本文从政策层面到实践层面对美国的早期特殊教育师资培养体系进行了系统、全面地分析,了解其现状和存在的挑战,以及未来发展的趋势,以期为促进我国早期特殊教育师资培养体系的发展提供一些理论和实践上的参考。

关键词：早期特殊教育师资培养

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Two-color multiphoton in vivo imaging with a femtosecond diamond Raman laser

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 400-407页

作者： Evan P Perillo Jeremy W jarrett Yen-Liang Liu Ahmed Hassan Daniel C Fernée John R Goldak Andrei Bonteanu David J Spence Hsin-Chih Yeh Andrew K Dunn Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Texas at AustinTX 78712USA Department of Physics The University of Texas at AustinTX 78712USA MQ Photonics Department of Physics and AstronomyMacquarie UniversitySydneyNSW 2109Australia

Two-color multiphoton microscopy through wavelength mixing of synchronized lasers has been shown to increase the spectral window of excitable fluorophores without the need for wavelength ***,most currently available dual output laser sources rely on the costly and complicated optical parametric generation *** this report,we detail a relatively simple and low cost diamond Raman laser pumped by a ytterbium fiber amplifier emitting at 1055 nm,which generates a first Stokes emission centered at 1240 nm with a pulse width of 100 *** two excitation wavelengths of 1055 and 1240 nm,along with the effective two-color excitation wavelength of 1140 nm,provide an almost complete coverage of fluorophores excitable within the range of 1000–1300 *** compared with 1055 nm excitation,two-color excitation at 1140 nm offers a 90%increase in signal for many far-red emitting fluorescent proteins(for example,tdKatushka2).We demonstrate multicolor imaging of tdKatushka2 and Hoechst 33342 via simultaneous two-color two-photon,and two-color three-photon microscopy in engineered 3D multicellular *** further discuss potential benefits and applications for two-color three-photon *** addition,we show that this laser system is capable of in vivo imaging in mouse cortex to nearly 1 mm in depth with two-color excitation.

关键词： microscopy nonlinear processes three-dimensional imaging ultrafast lasers

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Vasoactive intestinal peptide signaling axis in human leukemia

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World Journal of Biological Chemistry 2011年第6期2卷 146-160页

作者： Glenn Paul Dorsam Keith Benton jarrett Failing Sandeep Batra Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Center for Protease ResearchNorth Dakota State UniversityFargoND 58102United States Department of Pediatrics Riley Hospital for ChildrenIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisIN 46202United States

The vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) signaling axis constitutes a master "communication coordinator" between cells of the nervous and immune *** date,VIP and its two main receptors expressed in T lymphocytes,vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor (VPAC)1 and VPAC2,mediate critical cellular functions regulating adaptive immunity,including arresting CD4 T cells in G 1 of the cell cycle,protection from apoptosis and a potent chemotactic recruiter of T cells to the mucosa associated lymphoid compartment of the gastrointestinal *** the discovery of VIP in 1970,followed by the cloning of VPAC1 and VPAC2 in the early 1990s,this signaling axis has been associated with common human cancers,including *** review highlights the present day knowledge of the VIP ligand and its receptor expression profile in T cell leukemia and cell ***,there will be a discussion describing how the anti-leukemic DNA binding transcription factor,Ikaros,regulates VIP receptor expression in primary human CD4 T lymphocytes and T cell lymphoblastic cell lines (***-78).Lastly,future goals will be mentioned that are expected to uncover the role of how the VIP signaling axis contributes to human leukemogenesis,and to establish whether the VIP receptor signature expressed by leukemic blasts can provide therapeutic and/or diagnostic information.

关键词： Neuropeptides Ikaros Cancer Hut-78 Epigenetics

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