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Social networks of reintroduced Przewalski's horses in the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area (Mongolia)

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 182-194页

作者： Anna Bernatkova Ganbaatar Oyunsaikhan jaroslav Simek Martina komarkova Francisco Ceacero Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences PragueCzech Republic Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area Takhin TalMongolia Zoo Praha U Trojského zamku 120/3PragueCzech Republic

Analyzing social networks is a powerful tool for understanding the ecology of social *** most studies focus on the role of each group member,few compare groups with different *** current population of Przewalski's horses Equus ferus przewalskii at the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area(Mongolia)includes groups of wild-born and captive-bred individuals with different experiences with the area(acclimatizing,long-term reintroduced,and wild-born),therefore serving as an ideal natural behavioral *** filmed 11 groups for 141.5 hours in summer 2018(July),late spring 2019(May,June),and autumn 2019(September,October).Affiliative and agonistic interactions were recorded,and social networks were *** tested the influence of origin,experience,season,sex,age,relative time belonging to the group,relat-edness,and dominance rank on different network indices at the individual and group *** found that groups with greater experience in the area are generally better connected than members of the newly formed ***,these strong networks were created by wild-born individuals with very low interaction *** the contrary,inexperienced groups composed of captive-bred individuals displayed many inter actions but created weak social *** results show a trend of behavioral transition from acclimatizing through long-term reintroduced to wild-born groups,supporting that the newly formed groups of released Przewalski's horses need time to display the typical social behavior patterns of wild-born ***-term monitoring of released Przewalski's horses is recommended to promote the success of this reintroduction program.

关键词： Przewalski's horses reintroduction social behavior soft-release.

Enigmatic thymus: Variations in anatomical localisation of thymic tissue as an easily misdiagnosed congenital anomaly in surgical practice

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第25期12卷 5646-5652页

作者： Alexander Mayer jaroslav Voller Ivan Varga Fourth Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineComenius University and University Hospital BratislavaBratislava 81372Slovakia Faculty of Health Care Studies University of Western BohemiaPilsen 30100Czech Republic Institute of Histology and Embryology Faculty of MedicineComenius University in BratislavaBratislava 81372Slovakia

We point out the issue of differential diagnosis regarding the finding of ectopically localised thymic tissue(a thymic cyst)in the *** tissue can be found anywhere along its developmental tract of descent,from the angle of the mandible to the upper *** of the thymic descent can result in ectopically/abnormally localised islets of accessory thymic tissue,which may undergo cystic changes,as described in a case report by Sun et *** anatomical variation of the thymus may be clinically misinterpreted as a neoplasm or other congenital anomalies as a branchial cyst,lymphatic malformation or cystic *** present editorial focuses on the challenge of establishing a diagnosis of ectopically localised tissue of thymus often presented as a lateral cervical mass,especially in the case of cystic variation/degeneration of this thymic *** summarise hypotheses on the origin of such congenital cervical thymic cysts from the point of view of evolutionary history and *** also discuss lesser-known facts about the anatomy,histopathology and developmental biology of the thymus as one of the most enigmatic organs in the human body.

关键词： Thymus Thymic anomalies Thymic ectopy Congenital cervical thymic cyst Embryonic development

Evaluation of granulability and absorbtivity of biomass in agglomeration mixture

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第10期24卷 2260-2265页

作者： Hudák Jozef Lesko jaroslav Semanová Zuzana Frohlichová Mária Findorák Róbert Legemza jaroslav Institute of Metallurgy Faculty of MetallurgyTechnical University of KosiceKosice04200Slovakia

The granulability and absorbtivity of sawdust and coke breeze were *** properties are important within the preparation of agglomeration *** have a significant impact on plynodynamic batch *** of materials to wet is a fundamental condition of granulability of *** and water absorption of wood with liquids is generally significantly affected by their chemical *** important factors affecting the wetting process are undoubtedly the wood moisture content,the value of the surface tension of liquid media and their chemical *** increasing moisture content of wood,the time to equilibrium *** of water absorption and granulability of sawdust was conducted to seek their possible use as a partial replacement of coke dust in the production of the *** have been realized with alder,oak and pine sawdust and reference material-coke *** materials were divided to four classes of granularity:supplied material,1-2 mm,0.5-1 mm and less than 0.5 *** different liquid media were used:water 16°C,water 60°C,soapy water,lime milk and surfactant.

关键词： agglomeration biomass coke breeze granulability absorbtivity

The effect of climate factors on the size of forest wildfires(case study:Prague-East district,Czech Republic)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1291-1300页

作者： Zohreh Mohammadi Peter Lohmander Jan kašpar Roman Berčák jaroslav Holuša Robert Marušák Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcká12916500 Praha-SuchdolCzech Republic Optimal Solutions in Cooperation with Linnaeus University UmeaSweden

This paper presents a new approach to identifying the climate variables that influence the size of the area burned by forest *** linear regression was used in combination with nonlinear variable transformations to determine relevant nonlinear forest wildfire size *** from the Prague-East District of the Czech Republic was used for model *** burned forest area was hypothesized as a function of water vapor pressure,air temperature and wind *** speed was added to enhance predictions of the size of forest wildfires,and further improvements to the utility of prediction methods were added to the regression *** results show that if the air temperature increases,it may contain less water and the fuel will become *** size of the burned area then *** the relative humidity in the air increases and the wind speed decreases,the size of the burned area is *** model suggests that changes in the climate factors caused by ongoing climate change could cause significant changes in the size of wildfire in forests.

关键词： Climatic variables Burned forest area Climate change Multiple linear regression

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections： a central military hospital study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第23期127卷 4150-4151页

作者： jaroslav Timko Faculty of Health Care Catholic University in Ruzomberok Institute of Clinical Microbiology of Central Military Hospital - Faculty Hospital Ruzomberok Slovakia

Urinary tract infection （UTI） remains one of the most common bacterial infections seen in hospitalized patients of all ages. Prevalence of UTIs increases with age and is often accompanied by higher resistance rates. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of resistance of most common enterobacterial uropathogens isolated from patients at Central Military Hospital and compare this resistance with the results found by the North America and Europe Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends （SMART） study during 2009-2010.

关键词： urinary tract infection uropathogens Escherichia coli resistance ampicillin-sulbactam

Transgenic plum Prunus domestica L., clone C5(cv. Honey Sweet) for protection against sharka disease

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第3期16卷 516-522页

作者： jaroslav Polák Jiban k kundu Boris krska Eva Beoni Petr komínek Jitka Pívalová Jana Jarosová Division of Crop Protecting and Plant Health Crop Research Institute Prague 16106 Czech Republic Horticultural Faculty Lednice Mendel University Brno Lednice 69144 Czech Republic

Sharka caused by Plum pox virus（PPV）is the most harmful disease of stone fruits in Europe and elsewhere in the *** is no highly PPV resistant cultivar of *** approach has led to the development of resistance through genetic *** this study,we evaluated a transgenic plum Prunus domestica L.,clone C5（*** Sweet）,where the PPV resistance is based on RNA interference（RNAi）.Resistance in C5 plums has been evaluated for PPV,Prune dwarf virus（PDV）,and Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus（ACLSV）in a regulated field trial in the Czech Republic for 12 years（2002–2013）.Even under high and permanent infection pressure introduced through graft inoculation of the viruses,PPV has been detected in C5 trees only in several leaves situated close to the point of inoculum grafting in the first nine *** symptoms of PPV disappeared year by *** PPV symptoms were observed in the last three years and results of ELISA detection were *** results were obtained,when RT-PCR was used for PPV *** natural infection of PPV by aphids was recorded in C5 plums,even if PPV infected plants were growing in the same experimental field in close ***-infections of PPV with PDV and/or ACLSV had practically no influence on stability of resistance in C5 *** years of field testing in the Czech Republic clearly demonstrated the high level of resistance of C5 either to PPV infection by graft inoculation or natural infection through aphid vectors.

关键词： PPV C5 resistance transgenic plum HoneySweet

Near-Wall Flow in the Blade Cascades Representing Last Rotor Root Sections of Large Output Steam Turbines

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第1期30卷 220-230页

作者： ŠIMURDA David FÜRST Jiří HÁLA Jindřich LUXA Martin BOBČÍk Marek NOVÁk Ondřej SYNÁČjaroslav Institute of Thermomechanics of the Czech Academy of Sciences Prague 18200Czech Republic Dpt.of Technical Mathematics Faculty of Mechanical EngineeringCTU in PraguePrague 12000Czech Republic Doosan Skoda Power Pilsen 30100Czech Republic

This paper investigates the flow past two variants of root section profile cascades for a last stage rotor considering three-dimensional flow structures in the near-wall *** were drawn based on RANS numerical simulations of both variants and on the experimental data obtained by the 3 D traversing in the exit flow field of one of the *** of 3 D structures at two different regimes and its influence on aerodynamic characteristics of the blade cascades was *** distributions of Mach number along the profiles were compared with 2 D optical measurements and its distortion due to the presence of the sidewall was *** interaction between main vortical structures was described and its influence on the loading of the blades,mechanical energy losses and exit flow angle was *** results showed that for a front loaded blade the vortical structures appeared earlier and at a larger extent than for an aft loaded ***,due to different Mach number distribution,contribution of end wall flow to the energy losses was lower in the case of the aft loaded *** influence of the near wall flow on the loading was found to be rather weak while the deviation of the exit flow angle appeared to be comparable for both of the variants.

关键词： turbine blade cascade secondary flow near wall flow supersonic flow CFD experiment

Classification of Spectra of Emission Line Stars Using Machine Learning Techniques

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2014年第3期11卷 265-273页

作者： Pavla Bromová Petr koda jaroslav Vázn Faculty of Information Technology Brno University of Technology Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

Advances in the technology of astronomical spectra acquisition have resulted in an enormous amount of data available in world-wide telescope archives. It is no longer feasible to analyze them using classical approaches, so a new astronomical discipline,astroinformatics, has emerged. We describe the initial experiments in the investigation of spectral line profiles of emission line stars using machine learning with attempt to automatically identify Be and B[e] stars spectra in large archives and classify their types in an automatic manner. Due to the size of spectra collections, the dimension reduction techniques based on wavelet transformation are studied as well. The result clearly justifies that machine learning is able to distinguish different shapes of line profiles even after drastic dimension reduction.

关键词： Be star stellar spectrum feature extraction dimension reduction discrete wavelet transform classification support vector machines(SVM) clustering.

Effect of storage conditions on long-term stability of Ag nanoparticles formed via green synthesis

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第10期24卷 1177-1182页

作者： Oksana Velgosova Elena Cizmarova jaroslav Málek Jana kavulicova Institute of Materials Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Karlovo nám. 13 121 32 Prague 2 Czech Republic Institute of Metallurgy Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia

Spherical Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs) with a diameter of 20 nm or smaller were biologically synthesized using algae Parachlorella kessleri. The effect of storage conditions on the long-term stability of AgNPs was investigated. UV/Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the long-term stability of AgNPs was influenced by light and temperature conditions. The most significant loss of stability was observed for the AgNPs stored in daylight at room temperature. The AgNPs stored under these conditions began to lose their stability after approximately 30 d; after 100 d, a substantial amount of agglomerated particles settled to the bottom of the Erlenmeyer flask. The AgNPs stored in the dark at room temperature exhibited better long-term stability. Weak particle agglomeration began at approximately the 100 th day. The AgNPs stored in the dark at about 5℃ exhibited the best long-term stability; the AgNPs stored under such conditions remained spherical, with a narrow size distribution, and stable(no agglomeration) even after 6 months. Zeta-potential measurements confirmed better dispersity and stability of AgNPs stored under these conditions.

关键词： silver nanoparticles stability storage conditions green synthesis Parachlorella kessleri