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A new endophytic insect-associated Daldinia species, recognised from a comparison of secondary metabolite profiles and molecular phylogeny

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第3期60卷 107-123页

作者： Sylvie Pažoutová Stefanie Follert Jens Bitzer Matthias Keck Frank Surup PetrŠrůtka jaroslav holuša Marc Stadler Institute of Microbiology of the ASCR v.v.i.Vídeňská108314220 Prague 4Czech Republic Department Microbial Drugs Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung GmbHInhoffenstrasse 738124 BraunschweigGermany IMD Natural Solutions GmbH Otto-Hahn-Strasse 1544227 DortmundGermany Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life SciencesKamýcká12916521 Prague 6Czech Republic

Xylariaceous endophytes are commonly encountered in plants,and it has recently been found out that insect vectors play a major role in their life cycle,as well as in the apparent host-specificity of the fungal *** this study,a new insect-associated,endophytic anamorph species of Daldinia is recognised from a comparison of (a)morphological and ecological data;(b)molecular phylogenetic data based on rDNA,alpha-actin and beta-tubulin genes;and (c)secondary metabolite profiles based on high performance liquid chromatography/diode array/mass spectrometry(HPLC-DAD/MS)and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC-MS)in comparison with authentic strains of Daldinia and other *** new species,Daldinia hawksworthii,is a symbiont of the willow woodwasp,Xiphydria prolongata,which is in turn preferentially associated with Salix.A comparison of HPLCDAD/MS profiles from standardised cultures revealed the presence of a specific compound,which was not encountered in any of the ca.250 Daldinia strains studied for *** compound was isolated after fermentation of the fungus in 10 l scale by preparative *** elucidation by NMR spectroscopy revealed a novel pyrone,for which the name dalsymbiopyrone is *** compound showed weak antimicrobial and cytotoxic effects and might be a signal molecule involved in the trilateral ecological interaction between the host plant,the insect,and its fungal symbiont.

关键词： Fungi Endophytes Evolution Xylariales Bioactive metabolites Natural products Alpha-pyrones

Social networks of reintroduced Przewalski's horses in the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area (Mongolia)

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 182-194页

作者： Anna Bernatkova Ganbaatar Oyunsaikhan jaroslav Simek Martina Komarkova Francisco Ceacero Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences Czech University of Life Sciences PragueCzech Republic Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area Takhin TalMongolia Zoo Praha U Trojského zamku 120/3PragueCzech Republic

Analyzing social networks is a powerful tool for understanding the ecology of social *** most studies focus on the role of each group member,few compare groups with different *** current population of Przewalski's horses Equus ferus przewalskii at the Great Gobi B Strictly Protected Area(Mongolia)includes groups of wild-born and captive-bred individuals with different experiences with the area(acclimatizing,long-term reintroduced,and wild-born),therefore serving as an ideal natural behavioral *** filmed 11 groups for 141.5 hours in summer 2018(July),late spring 2019(May,June),and autumn 2019(September,October).Affiliative and agonistic interactions were recorded,and social networks were *** tested the influence of origin,experience,season,sex,age,relative time belonging to the group,relat-edness,and dominance rank on different network indices at the individual and group *** found that groups with greater experience in the area are generally better connected than members of the newly formed ***,these strong networks were created by wild-born individuals with very low interaction *** the contrary,inexperienced groups composed of captive-bred individuals displayed many inter actions but created weak social *** results show a trend of behavioral transition from acclimatizing through long-term reintroduced to wild-born groups,supporting that the newly formed groups of released Przewalski's horses need time to display the typical social behavior patterns of wild-born ***-term monitoring of released Przewalski's horses is recommended to promote the success of this reintroduction program.

关键词： Przewalski's horses reintroduction social behavior soft-release.

Enigmatic thymus: Variations in anatomical localisation of thymic tissue as an easily misdiagnosed congenital anomaly in surgical practice

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第25期12卷 5646-5652页

作者： Alexander Mayer jaroslav Voller Ivan Varga Fourth Department of Surgery Faculty of MedicineComenius University and University Hospital BratislavaBratislava 81372Slovakia Faculty of Health Care Studies University of Western BohemiaPilsen 30100Czech Republic Institute of Histology and Embryology Faculty of MedicineComenius University in BratislavaBratislava 81372Slovakia

We point out the issue of differential diagnosis regarding the finding of ectopically localised thymic tissue(a thymic cyst)in the *** tissue can be found anywhere along its developmental tract of descent,from the angle of the mandible to the upper *** of the thymic descent can result in ectopically/abnormally localised islets of accessory thymic tissue,which may undergo cystic changes,as described in a case report by Sun et *** anatomical variation of the thymus may be clinically misinterpreted as a neoplasm or other congenital anomalies as a branchial cyst,lymphatic malformation or cystic *** present editorial focuses on the challenge of establishing a diagnosis of ectopically localised tissue of thymus often presented as a lateral cervical mass,especially in the case of cystic variation/degeneration of this thymic *** summarise hypotheses on the origin of such congenital cervical thymic cysts from the point of view of evolutionary history and *** also discuss lesser-known facts about the anatomy,histopathology and developmental biology of the thymus as one of the most enigmatic organs in the human body.

关键词： Thymus Thymic anomalies Thymic ectopy Congenital cervical thymic cyst Embryonic development

Introgression of sharp eyespot resistance from Dasypyrum villosum chromosome 2VL into bread wheat

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1512-1520页

作者： Caiyun Liu Wei Guo Yang Wang Bisheng Fu jaroslav Doležel Ying Liu Wenling Zhai Mahmoud Said István Molnár Kateřina holušová Ruiqi Zhang Jizhong Wu Institute of Germplasm Resources and Biotechnology/Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Agrobiology Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanjing 210014JiangsuChina College of Agronomy/JCIC-MCP/National Key Lab of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095JiangsuChina Institute of Experimental Botany Centre of the HanáRegion for Biotechnological and Agricultural ResearchŠlechtitelů31CZ-783671 Olomoucthe Czech Republic Field Crops Research Institute Agricultural Research Centre9 Gamma StreetGiz112619 CairoEgypt Agricultural Institute Centre for Agricultural ResearchELKHMartonvásár 2462Hungary Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory Nanjing 210014JiangsuChina

Wheat sharp eyespot, a stem disease caused by the soilborne fungus Rhizoctonia cerealis van der Hoeven,has become a threat to wheat production worldwide. Exploiting resistance resources from wild relatives of wheat is a promising strategy for controlling this disease. In this study, a new wheat–Dasypyrum villosum T2DS·2V#4L translocation line in the background of Chinese Spring(CS) showed stable resistance to R. cerealis. Introgression of the T2DS·2V#4L chromosome into wheat cultivar Aikang 58 by backcrossing produced a marked increase in sharp eyespot resistance in NIL-T2DS·2V#4L in comparison with NILT2DS·2DL, and no detrimental effects of 2V#4L on agronomic traits were observed in the BC2F2, BC2F2:3,and BC2F2:4generations. Flow-sorted sequencing of 2V#4L yielded 384.3 Mb of assembled sequence, and8836 genes were predicted of which 6154 had orthologs in at least one of the 2AL, 2BL, and 2DL arms of CS, whereas 1549 genes were unique to 2V#4L. About 100,000 SNPs were detected in genes of 2V#4L and2DL in 10 sequenced bread wheat cultivars. A Kompetitive Allele Specific Polymerase chain reaction and30 conserved ortholog sequence markers were developed to trace the 2V#4L chromatin in wheat backgrounds. T2DS·2V#4L compensating translocation lines represent novel germplasm with sharp eyespot resistance and the markers will allow rapid detection in breeding programs.

关键词： Triticum aestivum Rhizoctonia cerealis Dasypyrum villosum Flow sorting KASP

Antimicrobial susceptibility of Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections： a central military hospital study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第23期127卷 4150-4151页

作者： jaroslav Timko Faculty of Health Care Catholic University in Ruzomberok Institute of Clinical Microbiology of Central Military Hospital - Faculty Hospital Ruzomberok Slovakia

Urinary tract infection （UTI） remains one of the most common bacterial infections seen in hospitalized patients of all ages. Prevalence of UTIs increases with age and is often accompanied by higher resistance rates. The aim of this study was to determine the degree of resistance of most common enterobacterial uropathogens isolated from patients at Central Military Hospital and compare this resistance with the results found by the North America and Europe Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends （SMART） study during 2009-2010.

关键词： urinary tract infection uropathogens Escherichia coli resistance ampicillin-sulbactam

Evaluation of granulability and absorbtivity of biomass in agglomeration mixture

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Journal of Central South University 2017年第10期24卷 2260-2265页

作者： Hudák Jozef Lesko jaroslav Semanová Zuzana Frohlichová Mária Findorák Róbert Legemza jaroslav Institute of Metallurgy Faculty of MetallurgyTechnical University of KosiceKosice04200Slovakia

The granulability and absorbtivity of sawdust and coke breeze were *** properties are important within the preparation of agglomeration *** have a significant impact on plynodynamic batch *** of materials to wet is a fundamental condition of granulability of *** and water absorption of wood with liquids is generally significantly affected by their chemical *** important factors affecting the wetting process are undoubtedly the wood moisture content,the value of the surface tension of liquid media and their chemical *** increasing moisture content of wood,the time to equilibrium *** of water absorption and granulability of sawdust was conducted to seek their possible use as a partial replacement of coke dust in the production of the *** have been realized with alder,oak and pine sawdust and reference material-coke *** materials were divided to four classes of granularity:supplied material,1-2 mm,0.5-1 mm and less than 0.5 *** different liquid media were used:water 16°C,water 60°C,soapy water,lime milk and surfactant.

关键词： agglomeration biomass coke breeze granulability absorbtivity

基于纤毛鹅观草特异的卫星重复序列开发寡核苷酸探针

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南京农业大学学报 2022年第3期45卷 442-452页

作者：程梦豪 Miroslava Karafiatova 孙昊杰 Kate Arina holušva jaroslav Dolezel 宋新颖王海燕王秀娥南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室/细胞遗传研究所/现代作物生产省部共建协同创新中心江苏南京210095 捷克科学院实验植物学研究所/哈纳地区生物技术和农业研究中心捷克共和国奥洛穆茨77900

[目的]本文旨在开发纤毛鹅观草特异的寡核苷酸(oligonucleotide,oligo)探针,进一步完善纤毛鹅观草染色体鉴定技术。[方法]利用前期选育的普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系DA2S^(c)L和DA6S^(c),通过流式分拣和基因组二代测序获得纤毛鹅观草... 详细信息

[目的]本文旨在开发纤毛鹅观草特异的寡核苷酸(oligonucleotide,oligo)探针,进一步完善纤毛鹅观草染色体鉴定技术。[方法]利用前期选育的普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系DA2S^(c)L和DA6S^(c),通过流式分拣和基因组二代测序获得纤毛鹅观草染色体6S^(c)和染色体臂2S^(c)长臂的基因组序列,利用Repeatexplorer2/TAREAN软件从中鉴定出卫星重复序列并设计成oligo探针,通过荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)分析所开发oligo探针的应用价值。[结果]从6S^(c)和2S^(c)L基因组序列中共鉴定出11个卫星重复序列并开发成11个oligo探针,oligo-FISH结果表明,其中6个探针可以在纤毛鹅观草染色体上产生明显杂交信号,而在小麦染色体上未产生明显杂交信号,可用于特异鉴定小麦背景中的纤毛鹅观草染色体或片段。对1套普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系oligo-FISH分析发现,oligo-2S^(c)L^(-1)63和oligo-6S^(c)-111仅在S^(c)基因组染色体上产生明显信号,可作为纤毛鹅观草S^(c)组特异探针;将oligo-2S^(c)L-161和oligo-2S^(c)L-163组合,对1整套二体异附加系进行双色oligo-FISH,构建了纤毛鹅观草染色体的oligo-FISH核型。[结论]本研究提供了纤毛鹅观草重复序列组成的初步信息,开发的探针能特异鉴定纤毛鹅观草染色体,阐明纤毛鹅观草2个基因组的来源和分化,对推动纤毛鹅观草优异基因的转移和利用有重要意义。

关键词：纤毛鹅观草普通小麦-纤毛鹅观草异附加系染色体分拣卫星重复序列寡聚核苷酸探针荧光原位杂交

Classification of Spectra of Emission Line Stars Using Machine Learning Techniques

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2014年第3期11卷 265-273页

作者： Pavla Bromová Petr koda jaroslav Vázn Faculty of Information Technology Brno University of Technology Astronomical Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

Advances in the technology of astronomical spectra acquisition have resulted in an enormous amount of data available in world-wide telescope archives. It is no longer feasible to analyze them using classical approaches, so a new astronomical discipline,astroinformatics, has emerged. We describe the initial experiments in the investigation of spectral line profiles of emission line stars using machine learning with attempt to automatically identify Be and B[e] stars spectra in large archives and classify their types in an automatic manner. Due to the size of spectra collections, the dimension reduction techniques based on wavelet transformation are studied as well. The result clearly justifies that machine learning is able to distinguish different shapes of line profiles even after drastic dimension reduction.

关键词： Be star stellar spectrum feature extraction dimension reduction discrete wavelet transform classification support vector machines(SVM) clustering.

Effect of storage conditions on long-term stability of Ag nanoparticles formed via green synthesis

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第10期24卷 1177-1182页

作者： Oksana Velgosova Elena Cizmarova jaroslav Málek Jana Kavulicova Institute of Materials Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia Department of Materials Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Czech Technical University in Prague Karlovo nám. 13 121 32 Prague 2 Czech Republic Institute of Metallurgy Faculty of Metallurgy Technical University of Kosice Letna 9 042 00 Kosice Slovakia

Spherical Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs) with a diameter of 20 nm or smaller were biologically synthesized using algae Parachlorella kessleri. The effect of storage conditions on the long-term stability of AgNPs was investigated. UV/Vis spectrophotometry, transmission electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the long-term stability of AgNPs was influenced by light and temperature conditions. The most significant loss of stability was observed for the AgNPs stored in daylight at room temperature. The AgNPs stored under these conditions began to lose their stability after approximately 30 d; after 100 d, a substantial amount of agglomerated particles settled to the bottom of the Erlenmeyer flask. The AgNPs stored in the dark at room temperature exhibited better long-term stability. Weak particle agglomeration began at approximately the 100 th day. The AgNPs stored in the dark at about 5℃ exhibited the best long-term stability; the AgNPs stored under such conditions remained spherical, with a narrow size distribution, and stable(no agglomeration) even after 6 months. Zeta-potential measurements confirmed better dispersity and stability of AgNPs stored under these conditions.

关键词： silver nanoparticles stability storage conditions green synthesis Parachlorella kessleri