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Comparative utility of vestibular function tests in patients with peripheral and central vestibular dysfunction

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j.urnal of Otology 2024年第1期19卷 5-9页

作者： Cameron B.Fattahi Christopher Zaro janice j.Chung Richard F.Lewis Divya A.Chari Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery UMASS Memorial Medical CenterUniversity of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMAUSA j.nks Vestibular Physiology Laboratory Massachusetts Eye and EarBostonMAUSA Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Massachusetts Eye and EarHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA Department of Neurology Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA

Background: Bithermal caloric irrigation, video head impulse test(vHIT), and rotational testing are commonly used to assess peripheral vestibular function, but the relative clinical utility of each test in differentiating patients with peripheral vestibulopathy is ***: To determine whether(1) the combination of two or more vestibular tests enhances diagnostic utility over a single test;(2) abnormal test results on vestibular tests correlate with one ***: Retrospective analysis of data collected from multidisciplinary vestibular clinics at two academic medical centers from 2016 to ***: 150 patients(54.10 ± 15.09 years, 88 females) were included. No individual test was significantly better at predicting the presence of peripheral vestibular damage(p > 0.05). vHIT test results improved significantly when combined with either the caloric test(p = 0.007) or rotary chair test(p = 0.039). Caloric and rotational testing had high sensitivity(74.65% and 76.06%, respectively) and specificity(83.54% and 78.48%, respectively). vHIT demonstrated excellent specificity(89.87%) but poor sensitivity(47.89%). Caloric, vHIT, and rotary chair tests results did not correlate with one another(p > 0.05).Conclusions: Vestibular function tests have comparable diagnostic utility, yet each offers unique advantages. Caloric and rotational testing may be best suited for screening peripheral damage and vHIT may function ideally as a confirmatory test.

关键词： vestibular patients specificity

卒中存活者体力活动和锻炼建议：美国心脏协会／美国卒中协会针对医疗专业人员的声明

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国际脑血管病杂志 2014年第10期22卷 721-740页

作者： Sandra A. Billinger Ross Arena j.lie Bemhardt janice j. eng Barry A. Franklin Cheryl Mortag j.hnson Marilyn MacKay-Lyons Richard F. Macko Gillian E. Mead Elliot j. Roth Marianne Shaughnessy Ada Tang 孙新亭张通不详中国康复研究中心北京100068

目的这份科学声明为卒中存活者的体力活动和锻炼建议提供了一份证据纵览。证据提示，卒中存活者会经历体力下降（physical deconditioning）并导致久坐的生活方式。因此，本更新版科学声明旨在为医务人员提供全面的指导，使其更好地理... 详细信息

目的这份科学声明为卒中存活者的体力活动和锻炼建议提供了一份证据纵览。证据提示，卒中存活者会经历体力下降（physical deconditioning）并导致久坐的生活方式。因此，本更新版科学声明旨在为医务人员提供全面的指导，使其更好地理解体力活动的益处，并为卒中存活者各个恢复阶段的锻炼方案提供推荐意见。方法写作组成员由美国心脏协会（American Heart Association，AHA）卒中委员会的科学声明监督委员会和AHA手稿监督委员会任命。作者利用系统文献综述，参考公开发表的临床和流行病学研究、发病率和死亡率报告、临床与公共卫生指南、权威声明、个人文件以及专家意见，对现有的证据进行总结并指出目前的知识空白。结果卒中后体力活动不足非常普遍。大量证据明确支持对卒中存活者进行运动训练，包括有氧运动和力量训练。运动训练能改善功能能力、日常生活活动的执行能力以及生活质量，同时降低随后的心血管事件风险。卒中存活者的体力活动目标和锻炼方案需个体化制定以最大限度地增高长期依从性。结论写作组给出的推荐是，体力活动和锻炼方案应融入卒中存活者的治疗。卒中存活者体力活动的推动应强调低到中等强度的有氧活动、增强肌肉力量、减少久坐的生活方式以及对卒中二级预防的危险因素管理。

关键词： AHA科学声明有氧锻炼体力锻炼体力活动康复力量训练

Number matters:control of mammalian mitochondrial DNA copy number

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j.urnal of Genetics and Genomics 2009年第3期36卷 125-131页

作者： Laura L.Clay Montier janice j.Deng Department of Cellular and Structural Biology The Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio

Regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis is essential for proper cellular functioning. Mitochondrial DNA （mtDNA） depletion and the resulting mitochondrial malfunction have been implicated in cancer, neurodegeneration, diabetes, aging, and many other human diseases. Although it is known that the dynamics of the mammalian mitochondrial genome are not linked with that of the nuclear genome, very little is known about the mechanism of mtDNA propagation. Nevertheless, our understanding of the mode of mtDNA replication has ad- vanced in recent years, though not without some controversies. This review summarizes our current knowledge of mtDNA copy number control in mammalian cells, while focusing on both mtDNA replication and turnover. Although mtDNA copy number is seemingly in excess, we reason that mtDNA copy number control is an important aspect of mitochondrial genetics and biogenesis and is essential for normal cellular function.

关键词： mitochondria DNA copy number DNA turnover replication

Can two-dimensional graphdiyne-based materials be novel materials for perovskite solar cell applications?

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Materials Futures 2023年第2期2卷 142-151页

Two-dimensional(2D)graphdiyne(GDY)-based materials have attracted attention in the solar cell research community owing to their unique physicochemical properties and hydrophobic nature which can serve as moisture resistance from the surrounding *** from these,the performance and stability ofperovskite solar cells(PSCs)can be greatly improved via the addition of 2D GDY-based *** mini-review summarizes the recent development of 2D GDY-based materials for PSC *** roles of 2D GDY-based materials,such as hole transporting material,electron transporting material,dopant material in perovskite film and interfacial layer,are discussed in ***,we provide future perspectives in this field,aiming to help further progress efficient and stable 2D GDY-based materials in PSCs.

关键词： two-dimensional material graphdiyne perovskite solar cells power conversion efficiency stability

Anemia and iron deficiency in gastrointestinal and liver conditions

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World j.urnal of Gastroenterology 2016年第35期22卷 7908-7925页

作者： j.rgen Stein Susan Connor Garth Virgin David eng Hui Ong Lisandro Pereyra Interdisciplinary Crohn Colitis Centre Rhein-Main Frankfurt am Main Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition DGD Clinics Sachsenhausen Frankfurt am Main60594 Frankfurt Germany Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Liverpool Hospital South Western Clinical School University of New South Wales Vifor Pharma Flughofstrasse 61 CH-8152 Zurich Switzerland Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University Medicine Cluster National University Hospital Servicio de Gastroenterología y Endoscopia Hospital Alemán

Iron deficiency anemia(IDA) is associated with a number of pathological gastrointestinal conditions other than inflammatory bowel disease, and also with liver disorders. Different factors such as chronic bleeding, malabsorption and inflammation may contribute to IDA. Although patients with symptoms of anemia are frequently referred to gastroenterologists, the approach to diagnosis and selection of treatment as well as follow-up measures is not standardized and suboptimal. Iron deficiency, even without anemia, can substantially impact physical and cognitive function and reduce quality of life. Therefore, regular iron status assessment and awareness of the clinical consequences of impaired iron status are critical. While the range of options for treatment of IDA is increasing due to the availability of effective and well-tolerated parenteral iron preparations, a comprehensive overview of IDA and its therapy in patients with gastrointestinal conditions is currently lacking. Furthermore, definitions and assessment of iron status lack harmonization and there is a paucity of expert guidelines on this topic. This review summarizes current thinking concerning IDA as a common co-morbidity in specific gastrointestinal and liver disorders, and thus encourages a more unified treatment approach to anemia and iron deficiency, while offering gastroenterologists guidance on treatment options for IDA in everyday clinical practice.

关键词： Iron deficiency anemia Gastrointestinal bleeding Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Gastritis Infection Bariatric surgery Celiac disease Gastrointestinal neoplasm Chronic hepatitis Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

CREEP OF A POLYCRYSTALLINE NEAR γ-TiAl Alloy WITH A LAMELLAR MICROSTRUCTURE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(english Letters) 1996年第6期9卷 565-570页

作者： WR. Chen j.Triantafillou j. Beddoes and L. Zhao(Dept. of Mech. & Aero. eng.,Carleton University, Ottawa,Canada Structures, Materials & Propulsion Laboratory,National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada ) Carleton Univ Ottawa Canada

Creep of a polycrystalline near γ-TiAl alloy in two fully lamellar conditions is presented. A lamellar structure with fine interface spacing and planar grain boundaries provides improved creep resistance. The lamellar structure with wide interface spacing and interlocked grain boundaries has <1/2 the creep life, five times the minimum strain rate and greater tertiary *** strain is accommodated by dislocation motion in soft grains, but the strain rate is controlled by hard grains. The resistance to fracture is controlled by the grain boundary morphology, with planar boundaries causing intergranular *** maximize the creep resistance of near γ-TiAl with a lamellar microstructure requires narrow lamellar interface spacing and interlocked lamellae along grain boundaries.

关键词： creep,γ-TiAl titanium aluminides lamellar structure

The effects of exercise on cognition in Parkinson’s disease: a systematic review

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2014年第1期3卷 21-33页

作者： Danielle K Murray Matthew A Sacheli janice j.eng A j.n Stoessl Pacific Parkinson’s Research Centre and Department of Medicine Division of NeurologyUniversity of British Columbia&Vancouver Coastal HealthVancouverBC V6T 2B5Canada Department of Physical Therapy University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z3Canada

Cognitive impairments are highly prevalent in Parkinson’s disease(PD)and can substantially affect a patient’s quality of *** impairments remain difficult to manage with current clinical therapies,but exercise has been identified as a possible *** obj.ctive of this systematic review was to accumulate and analyze evidence for the effects of exercise on cognition in both animal models of PD and human *** systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)*** original reports were identified,including six pre-clinical animal studies and eight human clinical *** studies used various exercise interventions and evaluated many different outcome measures;therefore,only a qualitative synthesis was *** evidence from animal studies supports the role of exercise to improve cognition in humans through the promotion of neuronal proliferation,neuroprotection and *** findings warrant more research to determine what roles these neural mechanisms play in clinical *** reports on cognitive changes in clinical studies demonstrate that a range of exercise programs can improve cognition in *** each clinical study demonstrated improvements in a marker of cognition,there were limitations in each study,including non-randomized designs and risk of *** Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)system was used and the quality of the evidence for human studies were rated from“low”to“moderate”and the strength of the recommendations were rated from“weak”to“strong”.Studies that assessed executive function,compared to general cognitive abilities,received a higher GRADE ***,this systematic review found that in animal models exercise results in behavioral and corresponding neurobiological changes in the basal ganglia related to *** clinical studies showed that various types of exerc

关键词： Parkinson’s disease Exercise Cognition Humans Animals

A prognostic nomogram for patients with resected fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2019年第4期8卷 338-344页

作者： Kelly j. Lafaro Oliver S. eng Mustafa Raoof Philip Ituarte Susanne G. Warner Gagandeep Singh Yuman Fong Laleh G. Melstrom Department of Surgery City of Hope National Medical Center Duarte CA USA

Background: Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHC) is a unique entity compared to conventional hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to examine post-resection outcomes and prognostic indicators for survival in this group of FLHC patients. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database (NCDB) for patients with FLHC who underwent resection from 2004 to 2014 was performed. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models were used to identify factors associated with overall survival, and a prognostic nomogram was generated. Results: There were 197 patients identified, 171 (86.8%) of whom had long-term follow-up data. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using patient and tumor demographics with the outcome variable of overall survival. On multivariate analysis, age [hazard ratio (HR) 1.03, P=0.003], vascular invasion (HR 1.75, P=0.05), tumor size >7 cm (HR 2.18, P=0.044), multifocal disease (HR 3.34, P=0.002), and node positive (pN+) disease (HR 2.75, P=0.003) were all negative predictors of overall survival. A prognostic nomogram was generated using these factors with a c-statistic superior to that of American j.int Committee on Cancer (Aj.C) staging (0.710 vs. 0.654). Conclusions: Independent predictors of decreased overall survival in patients with FLHC include age, vascular invasion, tumor size >7 cm, multifocal disease, and pN+ disease. This is the first study to develop a nomogram exclusively for FLHC that may predict survival in future studies.

关键词： Fibrolamellar hepatocellular carcinoma (FLHC) liver resection overall survival

Divergence in the ovipositional behavior of the Papilio glaucus group

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Insect Science 2008年第4期15卷 361-367页

作者： Rodrigo j. Mercader j. Mark Scriber Department of Entomology Michigan State University East Lansing MI48824 USA

This study contrasts the ovipositional profiles of four members of the Papilio glaucus group, P. glaucus, P. multicaudatus, P. canadensis, and P. rutulus. We used seven choice oviposition bioassays containing leaves from hosts in seven plant families utilized by members of the P. glaucus group. Specifically, we contrast the overall ovipositional profiles of these species and their acceptance of a host in a novel plant family （Populus tremuloides： Salicaceae） and a host in a putatively ancestral host plant family （Liriodendron tulipifera： Magnoliaceae）. Significant differences were observed between the ovipositional profiles of P. glaucus and P. multicaudatus relative to each other and to P. canadensis and P. rutulus. In contrast, no significant differences were observed between the ovipositional profiles of P. canadensis and P. rutulus, which were also the only species that accepted P. tremuloides. Unlike the acceptance of P. tremuloides, the acceptance of L. tulipifera was present throughout the group despite the inability of the larvae of most species in the group to utilize this host. These results support the prediction of the ＂hierarchical threshold model＂ that ancestral host plants are likely to be retained in the ovipositional hierarchy while novel hosts should only be accepted by derived populations.

关键词： host preference insect-plant interactions Lepidoptera Papilionidae