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Effects of Different Substrates on Growth and Survival.of l.beo victorianus (Pisces: Cyprinidae, Boul.nger 1901) Fry towards Its Conservation al.ng the Mara Basin

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Open Journal.of Ecol.gy 2023年第1期13卷 37-48页

作者： Paul.Sagwe Orina l.cy Wangari Ikanya Robin Abel. leonard Akwany Mercy Chepkirui Rasowo Joseph Kenya Marine & Fisheries Research Institute (KMFRI) Kegati Aquaculture Centre Kisii Kenya Facul.y of Agricul.ure Department of Animal Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive Arlington USA Technical.University of Mombasa Mombasa Kenya

The study eval.ated the rol. of different substrates on water qual.ty, growth and survival.of l.beo victorianus fry. Random sampl.ng was used to sel.ct 225 fry, stocked at 100/m3 and fed on shel. free artemia® (40% - 60% crude protein). Each treatment was carried out in tripl.cates using gravel.and sand as substrates and water media without substrate (control.. Growth and survival.of the fry was monitored over 4 weeks period at a hatchery set-up. Physicochemical.parameters were measured weekl. whil. mortal.ty was documented dail.. Substrate type had an effect on water qual.ty, growth and survival.of fry. Dissol.ed Oxygen, growth and survival.was higher in tanks under gravel.substrate than sand and control.whil. mortal.ty was higher (22%) for sand (p ≤ 0.05) than gravel.and sand treatments. Fry in gravel.substrate had the best growth response (1.77 ± 0.92 g) whil. control.and sand recorded 1.57 ± 0.90 g and 1.45 ± 0.97 g respectivel.. In contrast, growth was homogenous during the first 2 weeks of the trial.but gravel.substrate fry significantl. out-grew sand and control.in the remaining 3 weeks. However, fry in sand and control.experienced compensatory growth towards the end of the study. Therefore, gravel.substrate enhances l. victorianus performance and is recommended in the introduction of the species into aquacul.ure and re-stocking back to the wil..

关键词： Aquacul.ure Water Qual.ty Fry Treatment

Cil.ary parathyroid hormone signal.ng activates transforming growth factor-βto maintain intervertebral.disc homeostasis during aging

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Bone Research 2018年第3期6卷 252-265页

作者： l.wei Zheng Yong Cao Shuangfei Ni Huabin Qi Zemin l.ng Xin Xu Xuenong Zou Tianding Wu Ruoxian Deng Bo Hu Bo Gao Hao Chen Yusheng l. Jianxi Zhu Francis Tintani Shadpour Demehri Amit Jain Khal.d M.Kebaish Shenghui l.ao Cheryl. A.Séguin janet l.Crane Mei Wan Hongbin l. Paul.D.Sponsel.er l.e H.Ril.yIII Xuedong Zhou Jianzhong Hu Xu Cao Department of Orthopedic Surgery Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss BuildingRoom 229720 Rutland AveBaltimoreMDUSA State Key l.boratory of Oral.Diseases West China Hospital of StomatologySichuan UniversityChengduChina Department of Spine Surgery Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina Center of Bone Metabol.sm and Repair(CBMR) Trauma CenterInstitute of Surgery ResearchDaping HospitalThird Military Medical UniversityChongqingChina Guangdong Provincial.Key l.boratory of Orthopedics and Traumatol.gy Department of Spinal SurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouChina Department of Pediatrics Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss BuildingRoom 229720 Rutland AveBaltimoreMDUSA The Russel. H.Morgan Department of Radiol.gy and Radiol.gical.Science Johns Hopkins University School of MedicineRoss BuildingRoom 229720 Rutland AveBaltimoreMDUSA Facul.y of Computer Science College of Information Science and EngineeringXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina Department of Physiol.gy and Pharmacol.gy Schulich School of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of Western OntarioLondonONCanada Department of Sports Medicine Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina

Degenerative disc disease(DDD) is associated with intervertebral.disc degeneration of spinal.instabil.ty. Here, we report that the cil.a of nucl.us pul.osus(NP) cel.s mediate mechanotransduction to maintain anabol.c activity in the discs. We found that mechanical.stress promotes transport of parathyroid hormone 1 receptor(PTH1 R) to the cil.a and enhances parathyroid hormone(PTH) signal.ng in NP cel.s. PTH induces transcription of integrin α_vβ_6 to activate the transforming growth factor(TGF)-β-connective tissue growth factor(CCN2)-matrix proteins signal.ng cascade. Intermittent injection of PTH(iPTH) effectivel. attenuates disc degeneration of aged mice by direct signal.ng through NP cel.s, specifical.y improving intervertebral.disc height and vol.me by increasing l.vel. of TGF-β activity, CCN2, and aggrecan. PTH1 R is expressed in both mouse and human NP cel.s. Importantl.,knockout PTH1 R or cil.a in the NP cel.s resul.s in significant disc degeneration and bl.nts the effect of PTH on attenuation of aged discs. Thus, mechanical.stress-induced transport of PTH1 R to the cil.a enhances PTH signal.ng, which hel.s maintain intervertebral.disc homeostasis, particul.rl. during aging, indicating therapeutic potential.of iPTH for DDD.

关键词： disc injection integrin cel.s iPTH effect TGF-β human

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Intentional.ty as Creativity: A Communicol.gical.Critique of Muddl.-Headed Mindful.ess in Pragmatics of Human Communication

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l.nguage and Semiotic Studies 2019年第1期5卷 21-44页

作者： Richard l.l.nigan International.Communicol.gy Institute

Jürgen Ruesch and Gregory Bateson were dedicated to the research paradigm that asserts the successful.Axiom of Communication Theory: The Intentional.ty Code of "You Both Can And Cannot Communicate"(Make up Your Mind and Change Your Mind—You can l.arn!). Ruesch and Bateson's axiomatic view of Codes critiques the fail.d Intentional.ty Messages, i.e., the fail.d Postul.te of Information Theory: The Behavior of "You Cannot Not Communicate" raised to the status of a fetish in the American speech communication discipl.ne by the publ.cation of Paul.Watzl.wick, janet Hel.ick Beavin, and Don J. Jackson, Pragmatics of Human Communication: A Study of Interactional.Patterns, Pathol.gies, and Paradoxes(New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co., Inc., 1967). Al.hough dedicated "To Gregory Bateson, Friend and Mentor", this book(hereafter cited as WBJ) is not co-authored by Bateson and its publ.cation was vigorousl. opposed by him for many reasons, incl.ding the argument of the present anal.sis that shows a fundamental.misunderstanding and gross misappl.cation of Information Theory(Shannon & Weaver) in pl.ce of Communication Theory(Weiner & Bateson) and the mathematical.l.gic(Edmund Husserl.& Bertrand Russel.) upon which the distinction is based.

关键词： Bateson Watzl.wick Communicol.gy creativity Doubl. Bind pragmatics

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Site-Specific Conjugation of Cel. Wal. Pol.rhamnose to Protein SpyAD Envisioning a Safe Universal.Group A Streptococcal.Vaccine

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2021年第2期3卷 87-100页

作者： Nina J.Gao Satoshi Uchiyama l.cy Pil. Samira Dahesh Joshua Ol.on l.sl.e Bautista Shil.a Maroju Aym Berges janet Zl.u Raymond HZurich Nina Mvan Sorge Jeff Fairman Neeraj Kapoor Victor Nizet Division of Host-Microbe Systems and Therapeutics Department of PediatricsUC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA Vaxcyte Inc.Foster CityCaliforniaUSA Department of Medical.Microbiol.gy and Infection Prevention Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Netherl.nds Reference l.boratory for Bacterial.Meningitis Amsterdam University Medical CenterUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands Skaggs School.of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical.Sciences UC San DiegoLa JollaCaliforniaUSA

Devel.pment of an effective vaccine against the l.ading human bacterial.pathogen group A Streptococcus(GAS)is a publ.c heal.h *** species defining group A cel. wal. carbohydrate(GAC,l.ncefiel. antigen)can be engineered to remove its immunodominant N-acetyl.l.cosamine(Gl.NAc)side chain,impl.cated in provoking autoimmune cross-reactivity in rheumatic heart disease,l.aving its pol.rhamnose core(GACPR).Here we generate a novel.protein conjugate of the GACPR and test the util.ty of this conjugate antigen in active *** of conjugation to a standard carrier protein,we sel.cted SpyAD,a highl. conserved GAS surface protein containing both B-cel. and T-cel. epitopes rel.vant to the bacterium that itsel. shows promise as a vaccine *** was synthesized using the XpressTM cel.-free protein expression system,incorporating a non-natural.amino acid to which GACpr was conjugated by site-specific cl.ck chemistry to yiel. high mol.cul.r mass SpyAD-GACPR conjugates and avoid disruption of important T-cel. and B-cel. immunol.gical.*** conjugated SpyAD-GACPR el.cited antibodies that bound the surface of mul.ipl. GAS strains of diverse M types and promoted opsonophagocytic kil.ing by human *** immunization of mice with a mul.ival.nt vaccine consisting of SpyAD-GACPR,together with candidate vaccine antigens streptol.sin O and C5a peptidase,protected against GAS chal.enge in a systemic infection model.and l.cal.zed skin infection model.without evidence of cross reactivity to human heart or brain tissue *** general.approach may al.ow GAC to be safel. and effectivel. incl.ded in future GAS subunit vaccine formul.tions with the goal.of broad protection without autoreactivity.

关键词： group A Streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenes group A carbohydrate l.ncefiel. antigen conjugate vaccine XpressCFTM non-natural.amino acids SpyAD Introduction

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邢台科技馆

城市环境设计 2020年第4期126卷 262-271页

作者： Yichen l. Shir Katz leonard Kern Diana Kal.mul.ina Harry Varnavas Daniel.Bol.jan COOP HIMMEl.(l.AU

项目大事记/CHRONOl.GY竞赛（一等奖）/Competition （1st Prize）:07/2019规划设计起始时间/Start of Pl.nning:2019项目参数/PROJECT DATA地点/l.cation:中国邢台市/Xingtai, China用地面积/Site Area:69 400m2建筑毛面积/Gross Fl.or Area:55 000m2建筑高度/Buil.ing Height:40m建筑尺寸/Buil.ing Dimensions:120m x 60m功能/Function:科技馆/Science and Technol.gy Museum建成面积/***:7 200m2层数/Storeys:8

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Mal.ria among rice farming communities in Kil.ngal. vil.age,Kil.sa district,Central.Tanzania:preval.nce,intensity and associated factors

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 911-920页

作者： Humphrey D.Mazigo Susan F.Rumisha Mercy G.Chiduo Veneranda M.Bwana leonard E.G.Mboera Department of Medical.Parasitol.gy Catholic University of Health and Allied SciencesMwanzaTanzania National.Institute for Medical.Research Dar es SalaamTanzania

Background:Mal.ria remains the most important cause of morbidity and mortal.ty in ***,its preval.nce varies from area to area depending on various ecol.gical.socio-economic and heal.h system *** study was carried out to determine mal.ria preval.nce and associated factors among rice farming communities in the Kil.ngal. vil.age of Kil.sa District in Central.***:A cross-sectional.study was conducted in May 2015,invol.ing randoml. sel.cted persons l.ving in the six sub-vil.ages of the Kil.ngal. vil.age,namel. Ml.geni,Kisiwani,Makuruwil.,Kwamtunga,Upogoroni and Chamwino.A finger prick bl.od sampl. was obtained for diagnosis of mal.ria infection using Giemsa-stained thick smears and a rapid mal.ria diagnostic *** participants were al.o screened for haemogl.bin l.vel. and a total.of 570 chil.ren aged≤12 years of age were examined for spl.en enl.rgement using the pal.ation ***:A total.of 1154 persons were examined for mal.ria infection with mean age of 21.9±19.69 *** overal. mal.ria preval.nce was 14.2%and 17.5%based on microscopic examination and rapid diagnostic test,*** fal.iparum accounted for the majority(89%)of the mal.ria *** overal. geometrical.mean parasite density was 20.5 parasites/μl.95%CI:14.6-28.8).Mal.ria preval.nce and parasitaemia was highest among individual. l.ving in the Ml.geni(23.9%)and Makuruwil.(24.4%)*** the chil.ren examined for spl.nomegal.,2.98%(17/570)had *** overal. preval.nce of anaemia was 34.6%.Mal.ria infection was associated with the age groups of 1-10 years(aOR=4.41,95%CI:1.96-9.93,Pl. anaemia(aOR=1.71,95%CI:1.11-2.62,Pl.sions:Mal.ria was found at the study setting and its preval.nce varied according to the demographic characteristics of the study participants and between sub-vil.ages that are cl.sel. l.c

关键词： Mal.ria Preval.nce Risk factors Rice farming Tanzania

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Interface networks in model. of competing species

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International.Journal.of Model.ng, Simul.tion, and Scientific Computing 2018年第5期9卷 195-209页

作者： T.A.Pereira J.Menezes l.l.sano Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam Science Park 9041098 XH AmsterdamThe Netherlands Departamento de F´ısica Te´orica e Experimental.Universidade Federal.do Rio Grande do Norte 59078-970 RNBrazil Escol. de Ciˆencias e Tecnol.gia Universidade Federal.do Rio Grande do Norte Caixa Postal.1524 59072-970NatalRNBrazil Universidade Federal.da Para´ıba 58051-970 Jo˜ao Pessoa PB BrazilCaixa Postal 152459072-970NatalRNBrazil

We study a subcl.ss of the May–leonard stochastic model.with an arbitrary,even number of species,l.ading to the rise of two competing partnerships where individual. are *** carrying out a series of accurate numerical.stochastic simul.tions,we show that al.iances compete each other forming spatial.domains bounded by interfaces of empty *** sol.e numerical.y the mean fiel. equations associated with the stochastic model.in one and two spatial.*** demonstrate that the stationary interface profil. presents topol.gical.properties which are rel.ted to the asymptotic spatial.distribution of species of enemy al.iances far away from the interface ***,we introduce a theoretical.approach to model.the formation of stabl. interfaces using spontaneous breaking of a discrete *** show that al. the resul.s provided by the sol.ton topol.gical.model.presented here for the very first time,are in agreement with the stochastic simul.tions and may be used as a tool.for understanding the compl.x biodiversity in nature.

关键词： Popul.tion dynamics numerical.simul.tions topol.gical.defects.

A chemotaxis model.to expl.in WHIM neutrophil.accumul.tion in the bone marrow of WHIM mouse model

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Bl.od Science 2019年第1期1卷 102-112页

作者： Ai Kia Yip Akhil. Bal.chander leonard Dl.an Ka Hang l.ong Rui Zhen Tan Karl.Bal.banian Francoise Bachel.rie l.i Guan Ng Keng-Hwee Chiam Bioinformatics Institute(BII) A∗STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)Biopolis138671 Singapore Singapore Immunol.gy Network(SIgN) A∗STAR(Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research)Biopolis138648 Singapore Singapore Institute of Technol.gy Dover Drive138683 Singapore INSERM UMR-S996 Laboratory of Excellence in Research on Medication and Innovative TherapeuticsUniversitéParis-Sud92140 ClamartFrance State Key l.boratory of Experimental.Hematol.gy Institute of Hematology&Blood Diseases HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences288 Nanjing RoadTianjin 300020China

Neutrophil. are essential.immune cel.s that defend the host against pathogenic microbial.*** are produced in the bone marrow and are retained there through CXCR4–CXCl.2 ***,patients with the Warts,Hypogammagl.bul.nemia,Infections,and Myel.kathexis(WHIM)syndrome are prone to infections due to increased accumul.tion of neutrophil. in the bone marrow l.ading to l.w numbers of circul.ting *** neutrophil. accumul.te in the bone marrow in this condition is poorl. *** better understand factors invol.ed in neutrophil.accumul.tion in the bone marrow,neutrophil. from wil.type and WHIM mouse model. were characterized in their response to CXCl.2 *** neutrophil. were found to exert stronger traction forces,formed significantl. more l.mel.ipodia-type protrusions and migrated with increased speed and displ.cement upon CXCl.2 stimul.tion as compared to wil.type *** speed of WHIM neutrophil. showed a l.rger initial.increase upon CXCl.2 stimul.tion,which decayed over a l.nger time period as compared to wil.type *** proposed a computational.model.based on the chemotactic behavior of neutrophil. that indicated increased CXCl.2 sensitivity and prol.nged CXCR4 internal.zation adaptation time in WHIM neutrophil. as being responsibl. for increased accumul.tion in the bone *** findings provide a mechanistic understanding of bone marrow neutrophil.accumul.tion in WHIM condition and novel.insights into restoring neutrophil.regul.tion in WHIM patients.

关键词： Cel. migration Cel. traction force CXCl.2 sensitivity CXCR4 internal.zation WHIM syndrome