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Higher infliximab and adalimumab trough levels are associated with fistula healing in patients with fistulising perianal Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第23期28卷 2597-2608页

作者： Bonita Gu Kavya Venkatesh Astrid-jane Williams Watson Ng Crispin Corte Ali Gholamrezaei Simon Ghaly Wei Xuan Sudarshan Paramsothy Susan Connor South Western Sydney Clinical School University of New South WalesSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Liverpool HospitalSydney 2170New South WalesAustralia AW Morrow Gastroenterology and liver Centre Royal Prince Alfred HospitalSydney 2050New South WalesAustralia Department of Medicine University of NewcastleNewcastle 2308New South WalesAustralia Central Clinical School University of SydneySydney 2050New South WalesAustralia Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research Sydney 2170New South WalesAustralia Department of Gastroenterology St Vincent’s Hospital SydneySydney 2010New South WalesAustralia St Vincent’s Clinical School University of New South WalesSydney 2010New South WalesAustralia Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Concord Repatriation General HospitalSydney 2139New South WalesAustralia Concord Clinical School University of SydneySydney 2139New South WalesAustralia

BACKGROUND Tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors,including infliximab and adalimumab,are effective medical treatments for perianal fistulising Crohn’s disease(CD),but not all patients achieve fistula *** To determine the correlation between perianal fistula healing and closure with infliximab and adalimumab trough *** In this multicentre retrospective study conducted across four tertiary inflammatory bowel disease centres in Australia,we identified CD patients with perianal fistulae on maintenance infliximab or adalimumab who had a trough level within twelve weeks of clinical *** collected included demographics,serum infliximab and adalimumab trough levels(mg/l)within 12 wk before or after their most recent clinical assessment and concomitant medical or surgical *** primary outcome was fistula healing,defined as cessation in fistula *** secondary outcome was fistula closure,defined as healing and closure of all external fistula *** between patients who did or did not achieve fistula healing were compared using the chi-square test,t test or Mann-Whitney U *** One hundred and fourteen patients(66 infliximab,48 adalimumab)were ***-eight(72.7%)patients on maintenance infliximab achieved fistula healing and 18(27.3%)achieved fistula ***-seven(77%)patients on maintenance adalimumab achieved fistula healing and 17(35.4%)achieved fistula *** who achieved fistula healing had significantly higher infliximab and adalimumab trough levels than patients who did not[infliximab:6.4(3.8-9.5)vs 3.0(0.3-6.2)mg/l,P=0.003;adalimumab:9.2(6.5-12.0)vs 5.4(2.5-8.3)mg/l,P=0.004].For patients on infliximab,fistula healing was associated with lower rates of detectable anti-infliximab antibodies and younger *** patients on adalimumab,fistula healing was associated with higher rates of combination therapy with an *** trough levels for patients with and without fistu

关键词： Crohn’s disease Perianal disorders Biologics Inflammatory bowel disease

Determinants of household catastrophic costs for drug sensitive tuberculosis patients in Kenya

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2021年第4期10卷 18-32页

作者： Beatrice Kirubi jane Ong'angto Peter Nguhiu Knut lonnroth Aiban Rono Kristi Sidney-Annerstedt Department of Global Public Health Karolinska InstitutetStockholmSweden WHO Collaborating Centre for Tuberculosis and Social Medicine StockholmSweden The Health and Social Protection Action Research&Knowledge Sharing Network(SPARKS) StockholmSweden Centre for Respiratory Disease Research Kenya Medical Research InstituteNairobiKenya Health Economics Research Unit KEMRI-WellcomeTrust Research ProgramNairobiKenya Monitoring Evaluation&ResearchNational TuberculosisLeprosy and Lung Disease ProgramMinistry of HealthNairobiKenya

Background::Despite free diagnosis and treatment for tuberculosis(TB),the costs during treatment impose a significant financial burden on patients and their *** study sought to identify the determinants for cata-strophic costs among patients with drug-sensitive TB(DSTB)and their households in ***::The data was collected during the 2017 Kenya national patient cost survey from a nationally representative sample(n=1071).Treatment related costs and productivity losses were *** costs exceeding 20%of household income were defined as catastrophic and used as the *** Poisson regression analysis was performed to measure the association between selected individual,household and disease characteristics and occurrence of catastrophic costs.A deterministic sensitivity analysis was carried using different thresholds and the significant predictors were ***::The proportion of catastrophic costs among DSTB patients was 27%(n=294).Patients with catastrophic costs had higher median productivity losses,39 h[interquartile range(IQR):20-104],and total median costs of USD 567(IQR:299-1144).The incidence of catastrophic costs had a dose response with household *** poorest quintile was 6.2 times[95%confidence intervals(CI):4.0-9.7]more likely to incur catastrophic costs compared to the *** prevalence of catastrophic costs decreased with increasing household expenditure quintiles(proportion of catastrophic costs:59.7%,32.9%,23.6%,15.9%,and 9.5%)from the lowest quintile(Q1)to the highest quintile(Q5).Other determinants included hospitalization:prevalence ratio(PR)=2.8(95%CI:1.8-4.5)and delayed treatment:PR=1.5(95%CI:1.3-1.7).Protective factors included receiving care at a public health facility:PR=0.8(95%CI:0.6-1.0),and a higher body mass index(BMI):PR=0.97(95%CI:0.96-0.98).Pre TB expenditure,hospitalization and BMI were significant predictors in all sensitivity analysis ***::There are signif

关键词： Tuberculosis Health expenditure Income loss Social protection Kenya

Retention of β-Carotene in Cream-Fleshed Sweetpotato-Based Complementary Food Stored in Different Containers under Simulated Tropical Temperature and Humidity

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 23-28页

作者： Francis Kweku Amagloh louise Brough janet l. Weber Anthony N. Mutukumira Allan Hardacre jane Coad Department of Biotechnology (Food Processing Technology Section) Faculty of Agriculture University for Development Studies Nyankpala Ghana Institute of Food Nutrition and Human Health College of Health Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand. Institute of Food Nutrition and Human Health College of Health Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand.

The stability of β-carotene in cream-fleshed sweetpotato-based complementary food stored in three different containers under simulated tropical temperature of 32°C and 85% relative humidity in an environmental chamber for 24 weeks was investigated. The formulation stored in a metallised polyester film in a refrigerator (approximately 3.0°C and 95% relative humidity) retained about 81% of β-carotene at 24 weeks, with no significant change in the moisture content. The formulation stored in either a metallised polyester film or a translucent polypropylene container placed in the environmental chamber retained approximately half of the β-carotene at 24 weeks, with a slight increase in moisture content. However, the formulation held in a transparent low-density polyethylene bag had the lowest β-carotene retention (37%) and the highest moisture content at week 24. Within the limits of this study, it has been demonstrated that β-carotene in cream-fleshed sweetpotato-based complementary food was well retained when moisture uptake was minimised.

关键词： β-Carotene Complementary Food Storage Sweetpotato

Individuals with and without normal tension glaucoma exhibit comparable performance on tests of cognitive function

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2021年第11期14卷 1721-1728页

作者： Qi N.Cui David Green Mohit Jethi Todd Driver Travis C.Porco jane Kuo Shan C.lin Robert l.Stamper Ying Han Cynthia S.Chiu Saras Ramanathan Michael E.Ward Katherine Possin Yvonne Ou Department of Ophthalmology University of California San Francisco University of Pennsylvania Francis I.Proctor Foundation University of California San Francisco Glaucoma Center of San Francisco Department of Neurology University of California San Francisco Neurogenetics Branch National Institute of Neurological Disorders and StrokeNational Institutes of Health

AIM:To evaluate aspects of cognition impacted by individuals with and without normal tension ***:Fifty normal tension glaucoma(NTG)and 50 control patients≥50 y of age were recruited from the UCSF Department of *** data and glaucoma parameters were extracted from electronic medical records for both *** of executive function[Executive Abilities:Measures and Instruments for Neurobehavioral Evaluation and Research(EXAMINER)]and learning and memory[California Verbal learning Test–Second Edition(CVlT-II)]were administered to both NTG and ***,handedness,best-corrected visual acuity,maximum intraocular pressure,optic nerve cup-todisc ratio,visual field and optic nerve optical coherence tomography parameters,and a measure of general health(Charlson Comorbidity Index)were compared between NTG and controls as well as within NTG *** linear regression was used to compare group performances on the EXAMINER battery and CVlT-II while controlling for age,sex,and years of ***:NTG and controls were comparable with respect to age,sex,race,education,handedness,and the Charlson Comorbidity Index(P>0.05 for all).Performance on the EXAMINER composite score and the CVlT-II did not differ between NTG and controls(P>0.05 for both).CONClUSION:This is the first prospective study in which the cognitive function of subject with NTG were evaluated using a comprehensive,computerized neurocognitive *** with NTG do not perform worse than unaffected controls on tests of executive function,learning,and memor *** do not suppor t the hypothesis that individuals with NTG are at higher risk for cognitive dysfunction and/or dementia.

关键词： low tension glaucoma dementia mild cognitive impairment neurodegeneration memory and executive function

An Introduction to Algorithmic Trading : Basic to Advanced Strategies

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lessons learned from hepatocellular carcinoma may cause a paradigm shift in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms:a narrative review and discussion of conceptual similarities in tumor progression and recurrence

丛书名： Wiley trading series

2011年

作者： Edward leshik jane Cralle

ISBN: (纸本)9780470689547;9780470979358;9781119975090

Interest in algorithmic trading is growing massively – it''s cheaper, faster and better to control than standard trading, it enables you to ‘pre-think''the market, executing complex math in real time and take the required decisions based on the strategy defined. We are no longer limited by human ‘bandwidth''. The cost alone (estimated at 6 cents per share manual, 1 cent per share algorithmic) is a sufficient driver to power the growth of the industry. According to consultant firm, Aite Group llC, high frequency trading firms alone account for 73% of all US equity trading volume, despite only representing approximately 2% of the total firms operating in the US markets. Algorithmic trading is becoming the industry lifeblood. But it is a secretive industry with few willing to share the secrets of their success. The book begins with a step-by-step guide to algorithmic trading, demystifying this complex subject and providing readers with a specific and usable algorithmic trading knowledge. It provides background information leading to more advanced work by outlining the current trading algorithms, the basics of their design, what they are, how they work, how they are used, their strengths, their weaknesses, where we are now and where we are going. The book then goes on to demonstrate a selection of detailed algorithms including their implementation in the markets. Using actual algorithms that have been used in live trading readers have access to real time trading functionality and can use the never before seen algorithms to trade their own accounts. The markets are complex adaptive systems exhibiting unpredictable behaviour. As the markets evolve algorithmic designers need to be constantly aware of any changes that may impact their work, so for the more adventurous reader there is also a section on how to design trading algorithms. All examples and algorithms are demonstrated in Excel on the accompanying CD ROM, including actual algorithmic examples which have been used

关键词： Stocks--Mathematical models Program trading (Securities) Algorithms Investment analysis

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Journal of Pancreatology 2022年第1期5卷 36-40页

作者： Georgios Antonios Margonis Nikolaos Andreatos jane Wang Matthew J.Weiss Christopher l.Wolfgang Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterNew YorkNY Department of Internal Medicine and Taussig Cancer Institute Cleveland ClinicClevelandOH Department of Surgery University of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCA Department of Surgery Northwell Health Cancer Institute and Zucker School of Medicine at HofstraL ake Success Department of Surgery NYU Grossman School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA

Although the natural history of recurrence/progression in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN) of the pancreas has not been studied thoroughly, the three principal mechanisms have been identified: (a) presence of residual disease at the transection margin, (b) presence of intraductal/intraparenchymal metastases and (c) development of new primary lesions. Mechanisms (a) and (b) result in metastatic lesions that are genetically related to the primary, while new primary lesions (mechanism c) are genetically distinct. Interestingly, recurrence/progression in IPMN displays conceptual parallels with the well-established paradigm of disease recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Specifically, patients with HCC may also develop recurrent tumors due to microscopic residual disease/intrahepatic metastasis which are genetically similar to the primary while the development of genetically unrelated, de novo HCC after curative-intent resection is also common. The latter has been attributed to the presence of a widespread genetic abnormality ( "field defect" ) in the liver (ie, cirrhosis). Given the conceptual similarities between IPMN and HCC, a pancreatic "field defect" may also be hypothesized to exist. This review does not suggest that HCC and IPMN have identical pathogeneses, but rather that they have conceptual similarities in tumor recurrence/progression;thus, lessons learned from HCC could be applied to IPMN research and subsequent management. Conceptual similarities in tumor progression and recurrence may also be observed between IPMN and other malignancies. However, HCC was selected because it is well studied and can serve as a paradigm.

关键词： Field defect Hepatocellular carcinoma Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm Progression Recurrence

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破伤风毒素功能牲片段C的克隆与表达

微生物学免疫学进展 1991年第1期19卷 64-67页

作者： jane l.Halpern 曾崙

用DNA聚合酶链反应(PCR)增殖破伤风杆菌相应于破伤风毒素片段C的DNA部分。将其克隆入表达载体PTTQ8,并受控于tac启动子。该质粒在大肠杆菌表达产生的蛋白其组成是破伤风毒素的460个氨基酸和C端融入的载体的8个氨基酸。此蛋白(r—片段C)... 详细信息

用DNA聚合酶链反应(PCR)增殖破伤风杆菌相应于破伤风毒素片段C的DNA部分。将其克隆入表达载体PTTQ8,并受控于tac启动子。该质粒在大肠杆菌表达产生的蛋白其组成是破伤风毒素的460个氨基酸和C端融入的载体的8个氨基酸。此蛋白(r—片段C)可用片段C特异的抗肽抗体通过ElISA和免疫印迹方法检测,经免疫亲和层析法可达到很高的纯度。

关键词：破伤风毒素功能性片段克隆表达

Maize Development: Cell Wall Changes in leaves and Sheaths

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2017年第6期8卷 1248-1263页

作者： Ronald D. Hatfield jane M. Marita USDA-Agricultural Research Service U.S. Dairy Forage Research Center Madison Wisconsin USA

Developmental changes occur in maize (Zea mays l.) as it transitions from juvenile stages to the mature plant. Changes also occur as newly formed cells mature into adult cells. Maize leaf blades including the midribs and sheaths undergo cell wall changes as cells transition to fully mature cell types. As is common in grasses during cell wall maturation, the lignin in the plant tissue is acylated with p-coumarates (pCA). This work characterizes cell walls in maize that make up leaf blade, leaf midrib, and sheath tissues corresponding to tissue development. Maize plants grown in the greenhouse were harvested;leaf, leaf midrib, and sheath tissues from nodes 9 through 14 tissues were analyzed for cell wall composition. Cell wall carbohydrates varied with the type of maize tissue, but there was little change within a tissue type among the different nodes. lignin concentrations were lowest in the leaf blade (70 - 88 g·kg-1 CW) followed by the sheath (123 - 140 g·kg-1 CW) and highest in the midrib (140 - 168 g·kg-1 CW). Incorporation of pCA into cell walls paralleled the lignification. Ferulates (FA) remained relatively constant as a proportion of the cell wall (3.1 - 6.4 g·kg-1 CW) across nodes and across all tissue types. The range of FA was 3.8 vs 5.7 g·kg-1 CW averaged over all nodes with leaf blades being the lowest. lignin composition did not change significantly with cell wall maturation within a given tissue type. The aerial portions of maize plants excluding the stem showed little difference in cell wall composition along the different nodes. Higher levels of ferulates were found in the sheath and leaf midrib compared to the leaf blade tissues. leaf midribs from the upper nodes of the plant contained the highest levels of lignin. Perhaps a reflection of the function to keep leaves extended and in an upward angle to help maximize photosynthetic capacity.

关键词： Maize Cell Walls lignin Phenolics Structural Carbohydrates

The Effect of lion’s Ear (leonotis nepetifolia) and African Basil (Ocimum gratissimum) Plant Extracts on Two-Spotted Spider Mites (Tetranychus urticae) for Improved Yield and Quality of French Beans

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Advances in Entomology 2019年第1期7卷 21-31页

作者： Kennedy Ogayo jane Nyaanga Joshua Ogweno Joshua Ogendo Department of Crops Horticulture and SoilsEgerton UniversityEgertonKenya

An experiment to evaluate the bio-control potential of leonotis nepetifolia and Ocimum gratissimum plant extracts against two-spotted spider mites on French beans was conducted in the field. Five plant extract concentrations (1.5%, 3.0%, 6.0% and 12.0% w/v) were applied with water and Abamectin 0.6 ml/l as controls. Mite counts were done before and after treatment application and expressed as corrected percent efficacy. The impact of the mites on the French beans was evaluated by recording percent leaf reduction and quality and quantity by number of pods, pod length, diameter and yield. There was a dose dependent response in percent mite and leaf reduction, number of pods and yield. Treatments applied at 12% w/v indicated higher mite reduction (82.75%) for l. nepetifolia and 69.06% for O. gratissimum compared to abamectin (65.76%). The lowest percent leaf reduction of 1.71% for l. nepetifolia 0.39% for O. gratissimum and abamectin (20.46%) was also at 12% w/v. Similarly, the highest number of pod (61.00) for l. nepetifolia, 48.67 for O. gratissimum compared to 28.33 abamectin and yield (0.88 kg) for l. nepetifolia and 0.90 kg for O. gratissimum was also recorded at 12% w/v compared to 0.36 kg for abamectin. There were no significant differences in pod diameter and pod length between the extracts concentrations and abamectin. The study demonstrated the efficacy of l. nepetifolia and O. gratissimum in managing two-spotted spider mite and subsequent increase in French bean yield under field conditions.

关键词： leonotis nepetifolia Ocimum gratissimum Tetranychus urticae French Beans