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HOTSPOTS OF NUTRIENT LOSSES TO AIR AND WATER:AN INTEGRATED MODELING APPROACH FOR EUROPEAN RIVER BASINS

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第4期10卷 579-592页

作者： Aslihan URAL-janSSEN Carolien KROEZE jan peter lesschen Erik MEERS peter J.T.M.VANPUIJENBROEK Maryna STROKAL Water Systems and Global Change Group Wageningen University&ResearchPO Box 476700AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Environmental Systems Analysis Group Wageningen University&ResearchPO Box 476700AA Wageningenthe Netherlands Wageningen Environmental Research PO Box 476700AA Wageningenthe Netherlands. Laboratory of Bioresource Recovery(RE-soURCE LAB) Ghent UniversityCoupure Links 6539000 GhentBelgium. PBL The Netherlands Environmental Assessment AgencyPO Box 303142500GH The Haguethe Netherlands.

Nutrient pollution of air and water is a persistent problem in ***,the pollution sources are often analyzed separately,preventingthe formulation of integrative *** study aimed to quantify the contribution of agriculture to air,river and coastal water pollution by nutrients.A new MARINA-Nutrients model was developed for Europe to calculate inputs of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)to land and rivers,N emissions to air,and nutrient export to seas by river *** current practice,inputs of N and P to land were 34.4 and 1.8 ***^(-1),***,only 12%of N and 3%of P reached the *** was responsible for 55%of N and sewage for 67%of P in *** N emissions to air from agriculture were calculated at 4.0 ***^(-1).Almost twofifths of N emissions to air were from animal housing and *** a third of the basin area was considered as pollution hotspots and generated over half of N emissions to air and nutrient pollution in *** 25%of river export of N ended up in the Atlantic Ocean and of P in the Mediterranean *** results could support environmental policies to reduce both air and water pollution simultaneously,and avoid pollution swapping.

关键词： agriculture air-water modeling European rivers nutrient pollution sewage systems source attribution

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Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs before endoscopic ultrasound guided tissue acquisition to reduce the incidence of post procedural pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第8期30卷 811-816页

作者： Mike de Jong Foke van Delft Christine Roozen Erwin-jan van Geenen Tanya Bisseling peter Siersema Marco Bruno Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Radboud University Medical CenterNijmegen 6525 GANetherlands Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus University Medical CenterRotterdam 3015 GDNetherlands

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)with fine needle aspiration or fine needle biopsy is the gold standard for sampling tissue to diagnose pancreatic cancer and auto-immune pancreatitis or to analyze cyst *** most common reported adverse event of fine needle aspiration and/or fine needle biopsy is acute pancreatitis,which is likely induced by the same pathophysiological mechanisms as after en-doscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).According to the current European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guideline,nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are administered prior to ERCP as a scientifically proven treatment to reduce post-ERCP pancreatitis incidence rate.A single suppository of diclofenac or indomethacin prior to EUS guided tissue acquisition(TA)is harm-less in healthy *** it is associated with low costs and,most important,may prevent a dreadsome complication,we strongly recommend the adminis-tration of 100 mg diclofenac rectally prior to *** will explain this recom-mendation in more detail in this review as well as the risk and pathophysiology of post-EUS TA pancreatitis.

关键词： Pancreatitis Endoscopic ultrasound Tissue acquisition Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs Pancreatic cancer

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Individual effect of Y and Nd on the microstructure formation of Mg-Y-Nd alloys processed by severe plastic deformation and their effect on the subsequent mechanical and corrosion properties

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2023年第2期11卷 509-521页

作者： Maria Zemkova peter Minarik jan Dittrich jan Bohlen Robert Kral Charles University Department of Physics of MaterialsKe Karlovu 512116PragueCzechia University of Zilina Research CentreUniverzitna8215/1Zilina01026Slovakia Institute of Material and Process Design Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon21502GeesthachtGermany

This work investigated the effect of sole yttrium and neodymium alloying on the microstructure formation during severe plastic deformation by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP) and an impact on the mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of binary Mg-3Y and Mg-3Nd *** results are compared with a ternary Mg-4Y-3Nd alloy,which represents a simplified version of the commercially successful WE43 *** extensive study comprises a thorough microstructural analysis performed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy,including electron backscatter diffraction and texture analysis performed by X-ray *** is shown that the presence of Nd primarily caused precipitation during the processing of the Mg-3Nd alloy,while Y remained dissolved in the magnesium matrix in the Mg-3Y *** difference resulted in a significantly smaller average grain size in the Mg-3Y alloy(~0.77 nm) than in the Mg-3Nd alloy(~1.3 μm) after the final step of the processing and formation of a slightly different ***,the composition and the processing affected the mechanical and corrosion properties of the investigated materials,measured by compression deformation tests,microhardness measurement,and electrochemical impedance *** study shows that the ECAP-processed W3 sample exhibits a surprisingly good combination of ultrafine-grain structure,weak crystallographic texture,high strength,and high corrosion resistance compared with the other investigated *** attributes make this material very interesting for utilisation in the industry and/or medicine.

关键词： Magnesium Rare earth elements Microstructure Texture Mechanical strength Corrosion

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The effect of climate factors on the size of forest wildfires(case study:Prague-East district,Czech Republic)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2022年第4期33卷 1291-1300页

作者： Zohreh Mohammadi peter Lohmander jan Kašpar Roman Berčák Jaroslav Holuša Robert Marušák Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences Czech University of Life Sciences PragueKamýcká12916500 Praha-SuchdolCzech Republic Optimal Solutions in Cooperation with Linnaeus University UmeaSweden

This paper presents a new approach to identifying the climate variables that influence the size of the area burned by forest *** linear regression was used in combination with nonlinear variable transformations to determine relevant nonlinear forest wildfire size *** from the Prague-East District of the Czech Republic was used for model *** burned forest area was hypothesized as a function of water vapor pressure,air temperature and wind *** speed was added to enhance predictions of the size of forest wildfires,and further improvements to the utility of prediction methods were added to the regression *** results show that if the air temperature increases,it may contain less water and the fuel will become *** size of the burned area then *** the relative humidity in the air increases and the wind speed decreases,the size of the burned area is *** model suggests that changes in the climate factors caused by ongoing climate change could cause significant changes in the size of wildfire in forests.

关键词： Climatic variables Burned forest area Climate change Multiple linear regression

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Toward Carbon-Neutral Water Systems:Insights from Global Cities

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Engineering 2022年第7期8卷 77-85页

作者： Ka Leung Lam Gang Liu Anne Marieke Motelica-Wagenaar jan peter van der Hoek Division of Natural and Applied Sciences Duke Kunshan UniversityKunshan 215316China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Waternet Amsterdam 1096 ACNetherlands Department of Water Management Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2628 CNNetherlands

Many cities have pledged to achieve carbon *** urban water industry can also contribute its share to a carbon-neutral *** a multi-city time-series analysis approach,this study aims to assess the progress and lessons learned from the greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions management of urban water systems in four global cities:Amsterdam,Melbourne,New York City,and *** cities are advanced in setting GHG emissions reduction targets and reporting GHG emissions in their water *** four cities have reduced the GHG emissions in their water industries,compared with those from more than a decade ago(i.e.,the latest three-year moving averages are 13%–32%lower),although the emissions have“rebounded”multiple times over the *** emissions reductions were mainly due to various engineering opportunities such as solar and mini-hydro power generation,biogas valorization,sludge digestion and incineration optimization,and aeration system *** cities have recognized the many challenges in reaching carbon-neutrality goals,which include fluctuating water demand and rainfall,more carbon-intensive flood-prevention and water-supply strategies,meeting new air and water quality standards,and revising GHG emissions accounting *** study has also shown that it is difficult for the water industry to achieve carbon neutrality on its own.A collaborative approach with other sectors is needed when aiming toward the city’s carbon-neutrality *** an approach involves expanding the usual system boundary of the water industry to externally tap into both engineering and non-engineering opportunities.

关键词： Urban water Greenhouse gas emissions Cities Climate change mitigation Carbon neutrality

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利用强子探针研究奇特原子核的点质子分布半径及强子探针效应

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Science Bulletin 2024年第11期69卷 1647-1652页

作者：张寂潮孙保华 Isao Tanihata Rituparna Kanungo Christoph Scheidenberger Satoru Terashima 王枫 Frederic Ameil Joel Atkinson Yassid Ayyad Soumya Bagchi Dolores Cortina-Gil Iris Dillmann Alfredo Estradé Alexey Evdokimov Fabio Farinon Hans Geissel Giulia Guastalla Rudolf janik Satbir Kaur Ronja Knöbel jan Kurcewicz Yury Litvinov Michele Marta Magdalena Mostazo Ivan Mukha Chiara Nociforo Hooi Jin Ong Stephane Pietri Andrej Prochazka Branislav Sitar peter Strmen Maya Takechi Junki Tanaka Jossitt Vargas Helmut Weick John Stuart Winfield School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Research Center for Nuclear Physics(RCNP) Osaka UniversityOsaka 567-0047Japan Astronomy and Physics Department Saint Mary’s UniversityHalifax B3H 3C3Canada TRIUMF Vancouver V6T 4A3Canada GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung Darmstadt D-64291Germany Justus-Liebig University Gießn 35392Germany Helmholtz Research Academy Hesse for FAIR(HFHF) GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion ResearchGießn 35392Germany Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostella E-15706Spain Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology(Indian School of Mines)Dhanbad 826004India Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Comenius UniversityBratislava 84215Slovakia Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Canada

We report the charge-changing cross sections(σ_(cc))of 24 p-shell nuclides on both hydrogen and carbon at about 900A MeV,of which^(8,9)Li,^(10–12)Be,^(10,14,15)B,^(14,15,17–22)N and^(16)O on hydrogen and^(8,9)Li on carbon are for the first *** from the data set,we found a new and robust relationship between the scaling factor of the Glauber model calculations and the separation energies of the nuclei of interest on both *** allows us to deduce proton radii(R_p)for the first time from the cross sections on *** identical R_p values are deduced from both target data for the neutron-rich carbon isotopes;however,the R_p from the hydrogen target is systematically smaller in the neutron-rich nitrogen *** calls for further experimental and theoretical investigations.

关键词： Exotic nuclei Nuclear size Reaction cross section Glauber model Radioactive ion beam

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Efficacy and safety of bridging thrombolysis initiated before transfer in a drip-and-ship stroke service

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Stroke & Vascular Neurology 2022年第1期7卷 22-28页

作者： jan Christoph Purrucker Miriam Heyse Simon Nagel Christoph Gumbinger Fatih Seker Markus Mohlenbruch peter Arthur Ringleb Department of Neurology Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany Department of Neuroradiology Heidelberg University HospitalHeidelbergBaden-WürttembergGermany

Objective Data regarding the efficacy and safety of bridging thrombolysis(BT)initiated before transfer for evaluation of endovascular therapy is ***,therefore,analyse efficacy and safety of BT in patients treated within a drip-and-ship stroke *** Consecutive adult patients suffering from acute ischaemic stroke and large-vessel occlusions(LVO)transferred to our comprehensive stroke centre for evaluation of endovascular therapy in 2017–2020 were identified from a local prospective stroke database and categorised according to BT and *** was defined as intravenous thrombolysis initiated before *** was assessed before and after *** outcome before stroke and at 3 months using the modified Rankin scale(mRS)was *** outcome was defined as mRS 0–1 or return to prestroke *** safety analysis,intracranial haemorrhages and mortality at 3 months were *** analysis was limited to patients with anterior circulation *** Of N=714 patients,n=394(55.2%)received *** patients in the BT group with documented LVO before transfer recanalised without endovascular therapy(n=46,11.7%)than patients who did not receive BT before transfer(n=4,1.3%,p<0.001).In multivariate analysis,BT was the strongest independent predictor of early recanalisation(adjusted OR 10.9,95%CI 3.8 to 31.1,p<0.001).BT tended to be an independent predictor of an excellent outcome at 3 months(adjusted OR 1.38,95%CI 0.97 to 1.96,p=0.077).There were no differences in safety between the BT and no-BT *** BT initiated before transfer was a strong independent predictor of early recanalisation.

关键词： drip initiated service

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Biliary obstruction following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement in a patient after liver transplantation:A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第5期14卷 1038-1046页

作者： peter Macinga Darina Gogova jan Raupach jana Jarosova Libor janousek Eva Honsova Pavel Taimr Julius Spicak Jiri Novotny jan Peregrin Tomas Hucl Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Radiology University HospitalHradec Kralove 50005Czech Republic Department of Transplant Surgery Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Pathology Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Institute for Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague 14021Czech Republic

BACKGROUND Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)is a method used to decrease portal *** stricture is the rarest of the complications associated with this procedure with only 12 cases previously reported in the *** of these cases have documented the resolution of biliary stenosis induced by a stent *** only curative solutions reported are liver transplantation or bypassing the stenosis with an artificial biliary tract using advanced endoscopic *** SUMMARY This is the first reported case of biliary obstruction secondary to TIPS placement in a transplanted *** our patient,a portosystemic shunt was created to treat severe veno-occlusive liver graft disease manifesting itself primarily by fluid retention.A cholestatic liver lesion and cholangitis with abscesses developed due to a stent graft-induced stricture in the dorsal segment of the right hepatic duct and the stricture diminished following percutaneous *** drainage was performed after unsuccessful removal of the percutaneous catheter resulting in a bilio-cutaneous *** the liver graft now functions well,the stricture remains refractory even after 44 mo of *** Biliary strictures caused by TIPS in both transplanted and native livers seem refractory to endoscopic treatment.

关键词： Biliary stricture Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt Liver trans-plantation Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome Literature review Case report

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Break of symmetry in regenerating tobacco protoplasts is independent of nuclear positioning

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第9期58卷 799-812页

作者： Linda Brochhausen jan Maisch peter Nick Molecular Cell Biology Botanical Institute Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Katserstr. 2 D-76133 Karlsruhe Germany

Nuclear migration and positioning are crucial for the morphogenesis of plant cells. We addressed the potential role of nuclear positioning for polarity induction using an experimental system based on regenerating protoplasts, where the induction of a cell axis de novo can be followed by quantification of specific regeneration stages. Using overexpression of fluorescently tagged extranuclear （perinu- clear actin basket, kinesins with a calponin homology domain （KCH）） as well as intranuclear （histone H2B） factors of nuclear positioning and time-lapse series of the early stages of regeneration, we found that nuclear position is no prerequi- site for polarity formation. However, polarity formation and nuclear migration were both modulated in the transgenic lines, indicating that both phenomena depend on factors affecting cytoskeletal tensegrity and chromatin structure. We integrated these findings into a model where retrograde signals are required for polarity induction. These signals travel via the cytoskeleton from the nucleus toward targets at the plasma membrane.

关键词： Axis formation cytoskeleton nuclear migration polarity induction tobacco BY-2 protoplast

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Dynamic Actin Controls Polarity Induction de novo in Protoplasts

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2013年第2期55卷 142-159页

作者： Beatrix Zaban jan Maisch peter Nick Botanical Institute Molecular Cell Biology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Cell polarity and axes are central for plant morphogenesis. To study how polarity and axes are induced de novo, we investigated protoplasts of tobacco Nicotiana tabacum cv. BY-2 expressing fluorescently- tagged cytoskeletal markers. We standardized the system to such a degree that we were able to generate quantitative data on the temporal patterns of regeneration stages. The synthesis of a new cell wall marks the transition to the first stage of regeneration, and proceeds after a long preparatory phase within a few minutes. During this preparatory phase, the nucleus migrates actively, and cytoplasmic strands remodel vigorously. We probed this system for the effect of anti-cytoskeletal compounds, inducible bundling of actin, RGD-peptides, and temperature. Suppression of actin dynamics at an early stage leads to aberrant tripolar cells, whereas suppression of microtubule dynamics produces aberrant sausage- like cells with asymmetric cell walls. We integrated these data into a model, where the microtubular cytoskeleton conveys positional information between the nucleus and the membrane controlling the release or activation of components required for cell wall synthesis. Cell wall formation is followed by the induction of a new cell pole requiring dynamic actin filaments, and the new cell axis is manifested as elongation growth perpendicular to the orientation of the aligned cortical microtubules.

关键词： Actin axis formation microtubules polarity induction tobacco BY-2 protoplasts.

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