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From intestinal stem cells to inflammatory bowel diseases

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第27期17卷 3198-3203页

作者： Michael Gersemann Eduard Friedrich Stange jan Wehkamp Internal Medicine I Robert Bosch HospitalAuerbach-strasse 110D-70376 Stuttgart Germany Dr. Margarete Fischer Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and University of Tübingen Auerbachstrasse 112D-70376 StuttgartGermany

The pathogenesis of both entities of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), namely Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is still complex and under investigation. The importance of the microbial flora in developing IBD is beyond debate. In the last few years, the focus has changed from adaptive towards innate immunity. Crohn's ileitis is associated with a deficiency of the antimicrobial shield, as shown by a reduced expression and secretion of the Paneth cell defensin HD5 and HD6, which is related to a Paneth cell differentiation defect mediated by a diminished expression of the Wnt transcription factor TCF4. In UC, the protective mucus layer, acting as a physical and chemical barrier between the gut epithelium and the luminal microbes, is thin- ner and in part denuded as compared to controls. This could be caused by a missing induction of the goblet cell differentiation factors Hath1 and KLF4 leading to immature goblet cells. This defective Paneth and goblet cell differentiation in Crohn's ileitis and UC may enablethe luminal microbes to invade the mucosa and trigger the inflammation. The exact molecular mechanisms behind ileal CD and also UC must be further clarified, but these observations could give rise to new therapeutic strategies based on a stimulation of the protective innate immune system.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Paneth cells Goblet cells Cell differentiation TCF4 Hath1 KLF4

Sulfur-modified nickel selenide as an efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction

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journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 198-203,I0005页

作者： Kai Wan jiangshui Luo Xuan Zhang Palaniappan Subramanian jan Fransaer Department of Materials Engineering KU LeuvenLeuven 3001Belgium College of Materials Science and Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065SichuanChina

The sluggish four-electron transfer of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)limits the performance of water ***,OER electrocatalysts based on earth-abundant elements are urgently *** doping has been an efficient approach to boost the intrinsic OER activity of the active sites by modifying the electronic ***,a simple anion substitution strategy is reported that increases the OER activity of nickel selenides via a one-step hydrothermal treatment of a metal–organic framework *** resulting S-substituted Ni_(3)Se_(4) nanoparticles display distortion of their crystal *** expected,the sulfur substitution modifies the electronic structure of Ni_(3)Se_(4) and leads to outstanding electrocatalytic *** the S-substituted Ni_(3)Se_(4) catalysts exhibit higher OER activities than the original Ni_(3)Se_(4).The optimized catalyst achieves a current density of 10 mA cm^(−2) at an overpotential of 275 mV with a Tafel slope of 64 mV dec^(−1) in 1.0 M *** addition to its electrochemical activity,the S-Ni_(3)Se_(4)-2 catalyst also exhibits good stability with only a 7.5%increase in overpotential at 50 mA cm^(−2) after 100 *** work demonstrates one strategy to modify the electronic structure of transition metal compounds by anion regulation.

关键词： Anion substitution Nickel selenide Electronic structure Oxygen evolution reaction

A new design approach for the established flow region of vertical,dilute-phase pneumatic conveyors

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Particuology 2022年第7期20卷 10-20页

作者： john M.Wheeldon jan Baeyens Shuo Li Yimin Deng European Powder and Process Technology Longfellow DriveKetteringUnited Kingdom KU Leuven Department of Chemical EngineeringProcess and Environmental Technology LabJ.De Nayerlaan 52860 Sint-Katelijne-WaverBelgium Beijing University of Chemical Technology Beijing Advanced Centre of Smart Matter Science and EngineeringBeijingChina

An analysis has been completed for a comprehensive set of vertical,dilute-phase pneumatic conveying pressure drop data from an investigation by *** data were collected in the established flow region for eight different materials conveyed in 0.05-,0.10-,0.20-m internal diameter,20-m tall steel *** velocities derived from the pressure drop data were used to develop an equation of motion that includes terms for pipe diameter,terminal velocity,coefficient of restitution,and particle *** best data fit was achieved using the actual gas density and the actual gas velocity adjusted for *** the terminal velocity for voidage,an approach recommended by many investigators,did not improve the fit for reasons identified by the present *** the equation of motion,particle velocities were predicted and used to calculate total pressure drops that are within±15%of the measured *** calculated values also produce the characteristic trough-shaped total pressure drop curves allowing the minimum pressure drop gas velocity to be determined without recourse to a separate correlation.A comparison with other studies using shorter risers indicates that data from these studies likely include acceleration effects.A separate study will investigate this observation further.

关键词： Dilute-phase Vertical Pneumatic conveying Design equations Pressure drops

Identification of differentially-expressed genes of rice in overlapping responses to bacterial infection by Xanthomonas oryzae *** and nitrogen deficiency

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journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第5期14卷 888-899页

作者： YU Chao CHEN Hua-min TIAN Fang BI Yong-mei Rothstein j Steven Leach E jan HE Chen-yang State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology College of Biological ScienceUniversity of Guelph Department of Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management Colorado State University

Bacterial blight of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae ***（Xoo） is one of high nitrogen（N） responsive *** plants became more disease resistant with decreasing N suggesting that the crosstalk between disease resistance and N utilization pathways might ***,the co-regulatory components in such crosstalk have not been ***,we comparatively analyzed the gene expression profiling of rice under Xoo inoculation,low N treatment,or a combination of both stresses,and identified the differentially-expressed genes（DEGs） in overlapping *** DEGs were involved in different biological processes,including innate immunity and nitrogen *** randomly-selected DEGs expression was validated by quantitative real-time PCR *** expression of six genes from different functional categories suggested that N condition was the dominant factor when both stresses were *** DEGs identified provide novel insights into the coordinated regulatory mechanism in biotic and abiotic stress responses in rice.

关键词： Xanthomonas differentially overlapping abiotic blight responsive crosstalk pathogen encoding validated

Neutrophil engagement and septic challenge in acute experimental pancreatitis in rats

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World journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第41期11卷 6459-6465页

作者： Stanisiaw Ha Marek Dobosz jan j Kaczor Robert Rzepko Ewa Aleksandrowicz-Wrona Zdzislaw Wajda Zbigniew ledzi■ski jacek Krajewski Department of General Endocrine and Transplant Surgery Medical University of Gdask Poland Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery St. Vincent a' Paulo Hospital of Gdynia Poland Department of Bioenergetics j. niadecki University School of Physical Education in Gdask Poland Department of Pathomorphology Medical University of Gdask Poland Department of Clinical Nutrition Medical University of Gdask Poland Ⅱ Department of General Gastroenterological and Endocrinological Surgery Medical University of Gdask Poland

AIM： To investigate the influence of neutrophil adhesion molecule blockade with rnonoclonal antibody （MoAb CD11b） and E. coli lipopolysaccharide （LPS） administration on experimental acute pancreatitis （AP）. METHODS： AP was induced by four ip injections of cerulein （Cn） at 1-h intervals. MoAb CD 11b and LPS were administered at the beginning of the experiment. RESULTS： The neutrophil count and chemiluminescence were diminished at the beginning of AP. The oxidative stress parameters were found within the pancreatic gland. MoAb CD 11b used for AP resulted in a significant reduction of pancreatic infiltration and pancreatitis oxidative stress parameters. Serum interleukin-6 （IL-6） was not detected in AP animals, whereas high serum IL-6 concentration was noted only in animals receiving LPS. CONCLUSION： Neutrophils are involved in pancreatic damage in the early stage of AP. Neutrophil infiltration reduction protects the pancreatic gland from destruction during AP. LPS does not change the early course of Cn pancreatitis in rats.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Polymorphonuclear cells Immunomodulation Septic shock

Application of correlation techniques in the analysis of corpus cavernosum electromyographic signals

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Asian journal of Andrology 2007年第3期9卷 369-376页

作者： Xiao-Gang jiang jan Holsheimer Ljubomir Manola Gorm Wagner Hessel Wijkstra Ben Knipscheer Eric j. H. Meuleman Department of Urology Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre 6500 HB Nijmegen the Netherlands Institute for Biomedical Technology University of Twente 7500 AE Enschede the Netherlands Institute of Preventive Medicine Copenhagen University Hospital DK-1375 Copenhagen Denmark Department of Urology Academic Medical Centre 1105 AZ Amsterdam the Netherlands Department of Urology Free University Medical Centre 1007 MB Amsterdam the Netherlands

Aim： To establish an objective, easy-to-use and comprehensive method to analyze corpus cavernosum electromyo- graphic signals （CC-potentials）. Methods： CC-potentials were recorded during flaccidity in 23 young healthy volunteers, with surface electrodes placed on the penile shaft bilaterally. Based on the correlation function of Matlab software, an application program for the analysis of CC-potentials was developed. Individual CC-potentials and their autocorrelation function were evaluated, yielding parameters amplitude （A）, duration （D）, and dominant frequency （DF）. The crosscorrelation function of both longitudinal and bilateral pairs of adjacent electrodes was calculated to assess the similar- ity and mutual delay of CC-potentials recorded simultaneously from different parts of the CC. The parameters derived were squared maximum cross-correlation coefficient （Rmax） and delay （τ）. Based on the absolute value of τ and the corresponding inter-electrode distance, propagation velocity （PV） was calculated. Results. The values of the parameters were determined automatically. No significant difference related to the locations of the electrodes for parameters A, D, and DF was detected. The cross-correlation showed that both longitudinal and bilateral CC-potential pairs had highly similar waveforms （the absolute values of Rmax were 0.80 ± 0.05 and 0.87 ± 0.06, respectively）. PV of longitudinal pairs was estimated as 6.15 ± 3.98 cm/s. Conclusion： The application program for correlation analysis of CC-potentials is a comprehensive and versatile method to analyze corpus cavernosum electromyographic recordings. Its objectiveness makes multi-center application possible.

关键词： corpus cavernosum corpus cavernosum electromyography electrophysiology erectile dysfunction smooth muscle

Ecosystem classification and inventory maps as surrogates for ground beetle assemblages in boreal forest

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journal of Plant Ecology 2012年第1期5卷 97-108页

作者： j.A.Colin Bergeron F.Guillaume Blanchet john R.Spence W.jan A.Volney Department of Renewable Resources University of Alberta751 General Services BuildingEdmontonAlbertaCanada T6G 2H1 Natural Resources Canada Northern Forestry Centre5320122 Street NorthwestEdmontonAlbertaCanada T6H 3S5

Aims We compare performance of ecosystem classification maps and provincial forest inventory data derived from air photography in reflecting ground beetle(Coleoptera:Carabidae)biodiversity patterns that are related to the forest canopy *** biodiversity surrogacy model based on remotely sensed tree canopy cover is validated against field-collected ground *** We used a systematic sampling grid of 198 sites,covering 84 km^(2) of boreal mixedwood forest in northwestern Alberta,*** every site,we determined tree basal area,characterized the ground beetle assemblage and obtained corresponding provincial forest inventory and ecosystem classification *** used variation partitioning,ordination and misclassification matrices to compare beetle biodiversity patterns explained by alternative databases and to determine model biases originating from air *** Findings Ecosystem classification data performed better than canopy cover derived from forest inventory maps in describing ground beetle biodiversity *** biodiversity surrogacy models based on provincial forest inventory maps and field survey generally detected similar patterns but inaccuracies in air photo-interpretation of relative canopy cover led to differences between the two *** to field survey data,air photo-interpretation tended to confuse two Picea species and two Populus species present and homogenize stand *** generated divergence in models of ecological association used to predict the relationship between ground beetle assemblages and tree canopy *** of relative canopy cover from provincial inventory with other georeferenced land variables to produce the ecosystem classification maps improved biodiversity predictive *** association observed between uncommon surrogates and uncommon ground beetle species emphasizes the benefits of detecting these surrogates as a part of landscape *** order to comple

关键词： biodiversity surrogate regional conservation forest inventory ecosystem classification Carabidae

Liver failure caused by prolonged state of malnutrition following bariatric surgery

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World journal of Hepatology 2018年第3期10卷 396-399页

作者： Willem j Lammers Antonie jP van Tilburg jan A Apers janneke Wiebolt Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Erasmus Medical Center Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland Department of Surgery Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland Department of Internal Medicine Franciscus Gasthuis and Vlietland

Bariatric surgery is an effective tool in the treatment of patients with morbid obesity. In these case reports we describe 2 patients who developed liver failure after currently-practiced types of bariatric surgery, caused by a prolonged state of malnutrition provoked by psychiatric problems. Despite intensive guidance of a psychologist and dieticians after surgery, our patients deteriorated psychologically, resulting in a prolonged state of severe malnutrition and anorexia. Finally, a state of starvation was reached, passing a critical level of the liver capacity. Patients who present with signs of severe protein malnutrition after bariatric surgery should be closely monitored and checked for nutritional status. Specific attention should be given to patients who develop psychiatric problems post-bariatric surgery. If refeeding does not result in clinical improvement, reversal surgery should be considered in a timely manner.

关键词： Protein deficiency Hyperbilirubinemia Hyperammonemia Liver failure Urea cycle

Associations between indoor environmental smoke and respiratory symptoms among preschool children in Shanghai, China

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第25期58卷 4211-4216页

作者： LIU Wei HUANG Chen HU Yu ZOU Zhijun SUNDELL jan School of Environment and Architecture University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Department of Building Science Tsinghua University

Whether indoor environmental smoke is harmful for preschool children’s respiratory health in a society where female smoking is rare has not been *** study is part of a cross-sectional study(CCHH study-phase one in Shanghai)and investigated associations between parental smoking and incense-burning and respiratory symptoms among 4–6 year old children in Shanghai,China.A number of 13335 valid questionnaires(response rate:85.3%)were analyzed.A number of 56.1%(as reported by a parent)of preschool children in Shanghai are exposed to environmental tobacco smoke(ETS).A number of 40.3%of fathers and0.9%of mothers are smokers.A number of 53.7%and 12.6%of Shanghai residents have used mosquito-repellent incense and incensation *** exposed to any parental smoking have higher prevalence of wheeze and croup than those not *** maternal smoking has a significant and positive association with wheeze(in the last 12 months,AOR,95%CI:1.83,1.11–2.99).However,paternal smoking either currently or at child’s birth had only weak associations with wheeze and ***-burning(mosquito-repellent incense and incensation)had significant and negative association with doctor-diagnosed asthma(AOR,95%CI:0.85,0.73–0.99)and hay fever(AOR,95%CI:0.80,0.70–0.93).The results indicate that maternal smoking perhaps is a stronger risk factor for children’s respiratory health than paternal smoking.

关键词：学龄前儿童呼吸道症状室内环境烟草烟雾弱关联上海中国呼吸系统健康