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Effects of acid deposition control in China:a review based on responses of subtropical forests

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 115-126页

作者： Danni Xie Xiaodong Ge Lei Duan jan mulder School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesBox 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

For many decades,acid deposition used to pose a significant regional air pollution challenge in *** substantial emission control of anthropogenically derived sulfur and nitrogen containing gasses,both sulfur and nitrogen deposition,as well as the acid rain-affected area,have significantly decreased compared to their peak ***,particularly in the humid subtropics,are sensitive to acid deposition,as evidenced by soil acidification,sulfate and nitrate leaching in stream water,and elevated soil nitrous oxide *** in the total deposition of sulfur and nitrogen,caused a significant decline in sulfate and nitrate leaching from subtropical forest and subsequently in sulfate and nitrate concentrations in stream water,although there was about a 5-year *** delay may be attributed to the desorption of accumulated sulfate and continued elevated mineralization of accumulated nitrogen *** of nitrous oxide,a potent greenhouse gas,also declined in nitrogen-saturated subtropical forest soils,as soil water nitrate concentration ***,subtropical forests in China suffering from elevated acid deposition have begun to ***,the current levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition continue to exceed the critical loads,i.e.,the assigned threshold levels in accordance with emission control policies,in more than 10%of the country’s land area,respectively,indicating remaining risks of acidification and ***,further emission reductions are urgently needed,also because they will help achieving goals related to air quality and nitrous oxide emissions.

关键词： Acidification Critical load Nitrous oxide Surface water chemistry Recovery

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Screening for Anal Dysplasia in HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men By Anal Cytology, Human Papillomavirus Testing and Anoscopy

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World Journal of AIDS 2011年第2期1卷 37-42页

作者： Eefje Jong jan willem mulder Anne Catherina Theresia Maria Depla Eric Cornelis Maria van Gorp Johan Westerga Claudie Flohil Anja Johanna Heijne-Tol Paulus Henricus Marinus Smits 不详

The incidence of anal cancer in HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) is increasing and screening is advo-cated. In a cross-sectional study anal cytology specimens from 58 HIV-infected MSM were analyzed for adequacy, cy-tology and HPV DNA testing results and compared to findings on anoscopy. The adequacy of cytology specimens was high. In 34 (63%) of anal swab samples any grade of dysplasia was observed compared to 41 (71%) of biopsy speci-mens. The cytology specimens revealed high-grade dysplasia in 4 (7%) compared to 29 (50%) of biopsy specimens. The prevalence of high-risk HPV types was 90% by using the SPF10 PCR and 81% by using the Hybrid Capture II assay. Because of the high HPV prevalence, HPV DNA testing alone is not a suitable diagnostic screening tool for detecting anogenital lesions in this specific MSM population. Screening should include both anal cytology and anoscopy.

关键词： HIV Men Human Papillomavirus Anal Cancer Screening

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The Impact of Health Information Technology on Hospital Performance: A Systematic Integrative Literature Review

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Health 2024年第4期16卷 257-279页

作者： Alisa Westerhof Cokky Hilhorst willem jan Bos Accounting Auditing & Control Nyenrode Business University Breukelen Netherlands St. Antonius Ziekenhuis Utrecht Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine Nephrology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden Netherlands

Objective: To review, categorise, and synthesise findings from literature on health information technology (HIT) functionalities, HIT use, and the impact of HIT on hospital performance. Materials and Methods: We conducted a systematic integrative literature review based on a compre-hensive database search. To organise, categorise and synthesise the ex-isting literature, we adopted the affordance actualization theory. To align the literature with our research framework, we used four categories: 1) the functionalities of HIT and how these functionalities are measured;2) use and immediate outcomes of HIT functionalities;3) different perfor-mance indicators and how HIT functionalities affect them;and 4) what hospital characteristics influence the outcome of hospital performance. Results: Fifty-two studies were included. We identified four types of HIT. Only ten studies (19.2%) define the use of HIT by explicitly meas-uring the use rate of HIT. We identified five dimensions of hospital per-formance indicators. Every dimension showed mixed results;however, in general, HIT has a positive impact on mortality and patient readmis-sions. We found several hospital characteristics that may affect the rela-tionship between HIT and hospital-level outcomes. Discussion: Further efforts should focus on embedded research on HIT functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementations with more performance indicators and adjusted for hospital characteristics. Conclusion: The proposed framework could help hospitals and researchers make decisions regard-ing the functionalities, use and effects of HIT implementation in hospi-tals. Given our research outcomes, we suggest future research opportuni-ties to improve understanding of how HIT affects hospital performance. .

关键词： Health Information Technology HIT Functionalities Hospital Performance Indicators

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A probe into the acid deposition mitigation path in China over the last four decades and beyond

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 84-92页

作者： Qian Yu Xiaodong Ge Haotian Zheng Jia Xing Lei Duan Dongwei Lv Dian Ding Zhaoxin Dong Yisheng Sun Posch Maximilian Danni Xie Yu Zhao Bin Zhao Shuxiao Wang jan mulder Thorj?rn Larssen Jiming Hao State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua University State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control &Resource Reuse and School of the Environment Nanjing University State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex School of EnvironmentTsinghua University International Institute for Applied System Analysis(IIASA) School of Land Engineering Chang'an University Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life Sciences Norwegian Institute for Water Research

China currently has the highest acid deposition globally, yet research on its status, impacts, causes and controls is lacking. Here, we compiled data and calculated critical loads regarding acid deposition. The results showed that the abatement measures in China have achieved a sharp decline in the emissions of acidifying pollutants and a continuous recovery of precipitation p H, despite the drastic growth in the economy and energy consumption. However, the risk of ecological acidification and eutrophication showed no significant decrease. With similar emission reductions, the decline in areas at risk of acidification in China(7.0%) lags behind those in Europe(20%) or the USA(15%). This was because, unlike Europe and the USA, China's abatement strategies primarily target air quality improvement rather than mitigating ecological impacts. Given that the area with the risk of eutrophication induced by nitrogen deposition remained at 13%of the country even under the scenario of achieving the dual targets of air quality and carbon dioxide mitigation in 2035, we explored an enhanced ammonia abatement pathway. With a further 27% reduction in ammonia by 2035, China could largely eliminate the impacts of acid deposition. This research serves as a valuable reference for China's future acid deposition control and for other nations facing similar challenges.

关键词： acid deposition critical loads acidification eutrophication ammonia abatement

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Hydrological Responses and Flow Pathways in an Acrisol on a Forested Hillslope with a Monsoonal Subtropical Climate

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Pedosphere 2017年第6期27卷 1037-1048页

作者： Lars-Erik SORBOTTEN jannes STOLTE WANG Yanhui jan mulder Norconsult AS N-1338 Sandvika(Norway) Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research(NIBIO) N-1430 Aas(Norway) Research Institute of Forest Ecology Environment and ProtectionChinese Academy of ForestryBeijing 100091(China) Department of Environmental Sciences Norwegian University of Life SciencesN-1432 Aas(Norway)

The nature of subsurface flow depends largely on hydraulic conductivity of the vadoze zone, permeability of the underlying bedrock, existence of soil layers differing in hydraulic properties and macropore content, soil depth, and slope *** of flow pathways on forested hillslopes is essential to understand hydrological dynamics and solute transport ***, with their argic Bt horizons, are challenging in this *** further elucidate flow pathways of water and short-term variability of soil moisture patterns in Acrisols, a field study was conducted on a forested hillslope in a sub-catchment of the Tie Shan Ping(TSP)watershed, 25 km northeast of Chongqing City, *** catchment is covered by a mixed secondary forest dominated by Masson pine(Pinus massoniana).Soil saturated hydraulic conductivity(K sat) was significantly reduced at the interface between the AB and Bt horizons(2.6 × 10^(-5) vs.1.2 × 10^(-6) m s^(-1)), which led to that the flow volume generated in the Bt horizon was of little quantitative importance compared to that in the AB *** was a marked decrease in porosity between the OA and AB horizons, with a further decrease deeper in the mineral ***, the content of soil pores > 300 μm was higher in the AB horizon(14.3%)than in the Bt horizon(6.5%).This explained the difference in soil K sat *** study showed that Bt horizon had limited water transport capability, forcing part of the infiltrated rainwater as interflow through the OA and AB ***, the topsoil responded quickly to rainfall events, causing frequent cycles of saturation and aeration of soil pores.

关键词： dye tracer hillslope hydrology hydraulic conductivity preferential flow soil pores subsurface lateral flow

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Halogen versus halide electronic structure

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Science China Chemistry 2010年第1期53卷 210-215页

作者： willem-jan van Zeist F.Matthias Bickelhaupt Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling Scheikundig Laboratorium der Vrije UniversiteitDe Boelelaan 1083NL-1081 HV AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Halide anions X-are known to show a decreasing proton affinity(PA),as X descends in the periodic table along series F,Cl,Br and *** it is also well-known that,along this series,the halogen atom X becomes less electronegative(or more electropositive).This corresponds to an increasing energy of the valence np atomic orbital(AO) which,somewhat contradictorily,suggests that the electron donor capability and thus the PA of the halides should increase along the series F,Cl,Br,*** reconcile these contradictory observations,we have carried out a detailed theoretical analysis of the electronic structure and bonding capability of the halide anions X-as well as the halogen radicals X-,using the molecular orbital(MO) models contained in Kohn-Sham density functional theory(DFT,at SAOP/TZ2P as well as OLYP/TZ2P levels) and ab initio theory(at the HF/TZ2P level).We also resolve an apparent intrinsic contradiction in Hartree-Fock theory between orbital-energy and PA *** results of our analyses are of direct relevance for understanding elementary organic reactions such as nucleophilic substitution(SN2) and base-induced elimination(E2) reactions.

关键词： bond theory halogen hydrogen-atom affinity orbital energy proton affinity reactivity

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Dietary Fibres and Whole Grain Products for Improving Health and Reducing Disease Risks

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食品科学 2004年第10期25卷 421-422页

作者： jan willem van der Kamp TNO Nutrition and Food Research P.O.Box 360 3700 AJ Zeist The Netherlands and ICC International Associa-tion for Cereal Science and Technology

In recent years the occurrence of civilisation related diseases such as diabetes and obesity is increasing at a dramatic rate. This results in a growing consumer awareness of relationships between diet and health. Industry is respond ing to this trend by introducing products with a healthy image, including products with dietary fibre. Every year about 500 products are being launched globally with statements regarding their fibre content. Dietary fibre is usually defined as "the edible parts of plants or analogous carbohydrates that are resistant to digestion and absorption in the human small intestine with complete or partial fermentation in the large intestine. Dietary fibre includes polysaccharides, oligosaccharides, lignin, and associated substances. Dietary fibres promote beneficial physiological effects including laxation, and/or blood cholesterol attenuation, and/or blood glucose attenuation" (AACC, 2001).

关键词：食物纤维谷类产品保健营养

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Influence of core stiffness on the behavior of tall timber buildings subjected to wind loads

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第1期15卷 213-226页

作者： Zhouyan XIA jan-willem G.VAN DE KUILEN Andrea POLASTRI Ario CECCOTTI Minjuan HE Wood Research Munich Technical University of MunichMunich 80797Germany Tree and Timber Institute(IVALSA)of the Italian National Research Council San Michele all’Adige 38010Italy College of Civil Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 100029China

This study analyzes the feasibility of the use of cross-laminated timber(CLT)as a load-bearing structural element in a 40-story building based on Chinese design *** proposed design of the high-rise concrete-CLT building utilizes the core-outrigger *** is used for the central core and outriggers,and CLT is used for the rest of the structure of the *** element models with different types of connections were developed using SAP2000 to analyze the lateral behavior of the building under wind *** finite element models with rigid connections deduce the wind load distributions on individual structural elements,which determine the total number and the stiffness of fasteners of the CLT ***,spring links with equivalent stiffness that simulate the mechanical fasteners were employed in *** results indicate that CLT increases the lateral flexibility of the building.A closed concrete core was substituted by two half cores to measure the requirement of the maximum lateral ***,the acceleration at the building top still exceeded the limitation prescribed in Chinese Code JGJ 3-2010 owing to the lightweight of CLT and decreased stiffness of the hybrid *** restrict this top acceleration within the limit,further approaches to increase the stiffness in the weak direction of the building are *** such as the modification of the floor layout,increase in the thickness of walls,and addition of extra damping capacity should be considered and verified in the future.

关键词： cross-laminated timber tall timber buildings finite element analysis horizontal deflection top acceleration

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Locoregional IL-2 low dose applications for gastrointestinal tumors

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第35期11卷 5525-5529页

作者： Zachary Krastev V Koltchakov R Tomova S Deredjian A Alexiev D Popov B Tomov jan-willem Koten John Jacobs willem Den Otter Clinic of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine University Hospital Blvd. Iv.Geshov 15Sofia 1431Bulgaria Department of Pathobiology PO Box 80.178 3508 TD Utrecht The Netherlands Clinic of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medicine Univeisity Hospital Blvd. Iv.Geshov 15Sofia 1431Bulgaria

AIM： To explore the feasibility of local interleukin 2 （IL-2） in patients with different forms of abdominal cancer. This required experimentation with the time interval between IL-2 applications and the methods of application. METHODS： Sixteen patients with stages Ⅲ and Ⅳ of gastrointestinal malignancies （primary or metastatic） who were admitted to our Department of Gastroenterology were treated with Iocoregionally applied IL-2 in low doses. RESULTS： No major problems applying Iocoregional IL-2 were encountered. In 6 out of 16 patients, a modest but clinically worthwhile improvement was obtained. Adverse effects were minimal. The therapeutic scheme was well tolerated, even in patients in a poor condition. CONCLUSION： This study demonstrates the feasibility of low dose Iocoregional IL-2 application in advanced abdominal cancer. Local IL-2 therapy gives only negligible adverse effects. The results suggest that it is important to apply intratumorally. Local IL-2 may be given adjunct to standard therapeutic regimes and does not imply complex surgical interventions. These initial results are encouraging.

关键词： Interleukin-2 Local IL-2 therapy Gastrointestinalcancer

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Double balloon endoscopy associated pancreatitis:A description of six cases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第5期14卷 720-724页

作者： Soeresh VA Jarbandhan Stijn JB van Weyenberg willem M van der Veer Dimitri GN Heine Chris JJ mulder Maarten AJM Jacobs Small Bowel Unit Department of Gastroenterology VU University Medical Center Amsterdam The Netherlands

AIM:To perform a single-center analysis of all double balloon endoscopy (DBE) related cases of pancreatitis identified prospectively from a recorded DBE-complication database. METHODS:From November 2003 until january 2007, 603 DBE procedures were performed on 412 patients, with data on complications recorded in a database. The setting was a tertiary care center offering DBE. DBE was performed from the antegrade or retrograde route. Out-come measurements included age, gender, medication, indication, DBE-endoscope type, insertion depth, proce-dure duration, findings, interventions, post-procedural abdominal pain, and post-procedural hospitalization. RESULTS:This is the largest single-center study report-ing on post-DBE pancreatitis prospectively. Six patients (1.0%) developed post-DBE pancreatitis, all after antegrade DBE. There was no association with gender, duration of the procedure or type of endoscope. The mean age was 51.9 years (range 25-78). Four patients had severe pancreatitis. Of these, two had inflammatory signs in the body-tail region, one had pancreatitis in the tail region, and the total pancreas was involved in one. CONCLUSION:The incidence of post-DBE pancreatitis in our series is higher than previously reported. We found no relation with DBE-endoscope type. The inflammatory changes occurred in the body-tail region of the pancreas, suggesting that post-DBE pancreatitis is caused by repetitive mechanical strain on the pancreas.

关键词： Double balloon endoscopy Small intestine Adverse events Complications Pancreatitis Enteroscopy

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