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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第2期23卷 111-116页

作者： jan Lerut Institute for Experimental and Clinical Research(IREC) Universitécatholique Louvain(UCL)Avenue Hippocrate 561200 Woluwe Saint PierreBrusselsBelgium

Although Starzl designed in the 1960’s liver transplantation(LT)to treat unresectable primary and also secondary liver tumors,transplantation still occupies a(too)small place in the respective therapeutic algorithms[1].Due to the lack of(any)selection criteria,the concept of transplantation became rapidly challenged because of the prohibitively high incidence of tumor recurrence[1–3].

关键词： liver tumors Liver

Potential of molecular chaperones for treating Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2343-2344页

作者： Gefei Chen jan Johansson Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska InstitutetHuddingeSweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala UniversityUppsalaSweden

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most prevalent form of dementia,i.e.,progressive memory loss and profound cognitive dysfunction,resulting in a considerable societal *** the neuropathological level,the brains of AD patients exhibit amyloid-β(Aβ)plaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and neuroinflammation(Sala Frigerio and De Strooper,2016).

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation Aβ

Solid Bi_(2)O_(3)-derived nanostructured metallic bismuth with high formate selectivity for the electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第4期31卷 803-811页

作者： Xiaoyan Wang Safeer jan Zhiyong Wang Xianbo Jin College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power SourcesWuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China Engineering Research Center of Organosilicon Compounds&Materials Ministry of EducationWuhan 430072China

CO_(2) electrochemical reduction(CO_(2)ER)is an important research area for carbon ***,available catalysts for CO_(2) reduction are still characterized by limited stability and ***,metallic bismuth(Bi)has emerged as a promising catalyst for CO_(2) ***,we report the solid cathode electroreduction of commercial micronized Bi2O3as a straightforward approach for the preparation of nanostructured ***-1.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode in a KHCO3aqueous electrolyte,the resulting nanostructure Bi delivers a formate current density of~40 mA·cm^(-2) with a current efficiency of~86%,and the formate selectivity reaches97.6% at-0.78 *** nanosized Bi2O3as the precursor can further reduce the primary particle sizes of the resulting Bi,leading to a significantly increased formate selectivity at relatively low *** high catalytic activity of nanostructured Bi is attributable to the ultrafine and interconnected Bi nanoparticles in the nanoporous structure,which exposes abundant active sites for CO_(2) electrocatalytic reduction.

关键词： bismuth carbon dioxide electrocatalysis formate solid electroreduction

Effects of acid deposition control in China:a review based on responses of subtropical forests

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第6期18卷 115-126页

作者： Danni Xie Xiaodong Ge Lei Duan jan Mulder School of Land Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’an 710064China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex Beijing 100084China Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management Norwegian University of Life SciencesBox 5003NO-1432ÅsNorway

For many decades,acid deposition used to pose a significant regional air pollution challenge in *** substantial emission control of anthropogenically derived sulfur and nitrogen containing gasses,both sulfur and nitrogen deposition,as well as the acid rain-affected area,have significantly decreased compared to their peak ***,particularly in the humid subtropics,are sensitive to acid deposition,as evidenced by soil acidification,sulfate and nitrate leaching in stream water,and elevated soil nitrous oxide *** in the total deposition of sulfur and nitrogen,caused a significant decline in sulfate and nitrate leaching from subtropical forest and subsequently in sulfate and nitrate concentrations in stream water,although there was about a 5-year *** delay may be attributed to the desorption of accumulated sulfate and continued elevated mineralization of accumulated nitrogen *** of nitrous oxide,a potent greenhouse gas,also declined in nitrogen-saturated subtropical forest soils,as soil water nitrate concentration ***,subtropical forests in China suffering from elevated acid deposition have begun to ***,the current levels of sulfur and nitrogen deposition continue to exceed the critical loads,i.e.,the assigned threshold levels in accordance with emission control policies,in more than 10%of the country’s land area,respectively,indicating remaining risks of acidification and ***,further emission reductions are urgently needed,also because they will help achieving goals related to air quality and nitrous oxide emissions.

关键词： Acidification Critical load Nitrous oxide Surface water chemistry Recovery

Weak influence of natural vegetation in urban green spaces compared to agricultural ecosystems on house Martin populations:Insights from nationwide citizen science data in the Czech Republic

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 139-146页

作者： Denisa Dvorakova jan Sipos Josef Suchomel Department of Zoology FisheriesHydrobiology and ApicultureMendel University in BrnoZemedelska 161300BrnoCzech Republic

The house Martin(Delichon urbicum)is a common farmland bird species in the European landscape,yet its population numbers are currently in ***,it is not yet sufficiently explained why this long-term decline *** fill this gap in our knowledge,we investigated how land cover composition affects the abundance of house Martins on the landscape scale by using nationwide citizen science *** a generalised linear mixed-effect model(GLMM),we evaluated 12,094 records from the Czech Republic spanning *** analysis underscores the significance of land cover type in shaping house Martin *** specifically,our results indicate that within agricultural land covers“naturally managed arable lands”exhibited significant positive effect,while forests,orchards,and vineyards were deemed less favourable for house Martin *** urban land covers,we found a clear distinction in the impact on house Martin populations,with a positive effect observed in urban infrastructure,development areas,and post-industrial sites(i.e.,UrbanAreas),while an indifferent impact was noted within urban green spaces and landscaped areas(i.e.,GreenUrban).Notably,our findings suggest that the simple spatial,age,and species structure typical of forests in Europe,and similarly,the uniform structure of parks and gardens,may be responsible for the decline in the abundance of the house *** advocate for the preservation or enhancement of urban greenery,expansion of natural vegetation in rural areas and adoption of ecological management practices in orchards and vineyards to mitigate further declines in house Martin populations.

关键词： Citizen science Habitat preferences house Martin Species distribution Urban and suburban landscape

Dieback of managed spruce stands in western Germany promotes beetle diversity

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Journal of Forestry Research 2024年第3期35卷 55-71页

作者： Eva Plath Chantal Trauth jan Gerhards Laura Griebel Klaus Fischer Department Biology Institute of Integrated Natural SciencesKoblenz-Landau University56070 KoblenzGermany

Biodiversity loss is a significant problem at a global scale and may be amplified by climate *** recent years,coniferous forests have had substantial die-back across Europe due to drought and subsequent bark-beetle *** many studies on the consequences of disturbance and subsequent management have focused on natural stands,management implications for managed spruce stands are not well understood,even though such stands are widespread throughout *** this study,beetle taxonomy,conservation value,and community com-position are compared among spruce plantations and four post-disturbance management approaches:standing dead-wood,lying deadwood,clear cuts,and long-term *** and community composition differed significantly among management categories,while different beetle fami-lies responded *** spruce stands harbored the lowest beetle diversity while the highest taxonomic diver-sity and conservation value was on clear cuts and stands with lying or standing *** proportion of forest specialists was highest in successional *** summary,different forest management categories harbored distinct beetle communities at the family-,species-,and ecological guild ***,post-disturbance management should consider the landscape scale and include different management *** enhances landscape heterogeneity and thus overall biodiversity but could also mitigate negative impacts of natural disturbances on ecosystem services.

关键词： Bark-beetle outbreak Forest dieback Spruce Deadwood Nature conservation Beetle biodiversity-Coleoptera Coniferous forests

Importance of timely and adequate source control in sepsis and septic shock

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第3期4卷 281-286页

作者： jan J.De Waele Department of Intensive Care Medicine Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesGhent UniversityGhentBelgium

Source control is defined as the physical measures undertaken to eliminate the source of infection and control ongoing contamination, as well as restore anatomy and function at the site of infection. It is a key component of the management of patients with sepsis and septic shock and one of the main determinants of the outcome of infections that require source control. While not all infections may require source control, it should be considered in every patient presenting with sepsis;it is applicable and necessary in numerous infections, not only those occurring in the abdominal cavity. Although the biological rationale is clear, several aspects of source control remain under debate. The timing of source control may impact outcome;early source control is particularly relevant for patients with abdominal infections or necrotizing skin and soft tissue infections, as well as for those with more severe disease. Percutaneous procedures are increasingly used for source control;nevertheless, surgery—tailored to the patient and infection—remains a valid option for source control. For outcome optimization, adequate source control is more important than the strategy used. It should be acknowledged that source control interventions may often fail, posing a challenge in this setting. Thus, an individualized, multidisciplinary approach tailored to the infection and patient is preferable.

关键词： Sepsis Septic shock Source control Drainage Debridement

Words apart:Standardizing forestry terms and definitions across European biodiversity studies

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森林生态系统:英文版 2023年第4期10卷 459-471页

作者： Giovanni Trentanovi Thomas Campagnaro Tommaso Sitzia Francesco Chianucci Giorgio Vacchiano Christian Ammer MichałCiach Thomas ANagel Miren del Río Yoan Paillet Silvana Munzi Kris Vandekerkhove Andrés Bravo-Oviedo Andrea Cutini Ettore D'Andrea Pallieter De Smedt Inken Doerfler Dimitris Fotakis Jacob Heilmann-Clausen Jeňýk hofmeister jan hošek Philippe janssen Sebastian Kepfer-Rojas Nathalie Korboulewsky Bence Kovács Daniel Kozák Thibault Lachat Anders Mårell Radim Matula Martin Mikoláš Björn Nordén PéterÓdor x Marko Perović Elisabeth Pötzelsberger Peter Schall Miroslav Svoboda Flóra Tinya Mariana Ujházyová Sabina Burrascano Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems-National Research Council(IRET-CNR) Via Madonna Del Piano 1950019Sesto FiorentinoFIItaly Department of Land EnvironmentAgriculture and ForestryUniversitàdegli Studi di PadovaViale Dell’Università1635020LegnaroPDItaly National Biodiversity Future Center Piazza Marina 6190133PalermoItaly CREA Research Centre for Forestry and Wood Viale S.Margherita 8052100ArezzoItaly Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences(DISAA) University of MilanVia Celoria 220133MilanItaly Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones University of GöttingenGermany Department of Forest Biodiversity Faculty of ForestryUniversity of Agricultureal.29 Listopada 4631-425KrakówPoland Department of Forestry and Renewable Forest Resources Biotechnical FacultyUniversity of LjubljanaVecna pot 831000LjubljanaSlovenia Instituto de Ciencias Forestales(ICIFOR-INIA) CSICCtra.de la Coruña Km 7.528040MadridSpain University Grenoble Alpes LessemINRAE2 Rue de la Papeterie38402 Saint-Martin-d'HèresFrance Centro Interuniversitário de História Das Ciências e da Tecnologia Faculdade de CiênciasUniversidade de LisboaPortugal Centre for Ecology Evolution and Environmental ChangesFaculdade de Ciências&CHANGE-Global Change and Sustainability InstituteUniversidade de LisboaPortugal Research Institute for Nature and Forest(INBO) Havenlaan 88 Bus 731000BrusselBelgium Department of Biogeography and Global Change National Museum of Natural Sciences-CSICC/Serrano 115bis28006MadridSpain Research Institute on Terrestrial Ecosystems-National Research Council(IRET-CNR) Via G.Marconi N.205010PoranoTRItaly Forest&Nature Lab Department of EnvironmentGhent UniversityGeraardsbergsesteenweg 2679090GontrodeBelgium Institute of Biology and Environmental Science Vegetation Science&Nature ConservationUniversity of OldenburgAmmerländer Heerstraße 114-11826129OldenburgGermany Forest Research Institute Hellenic Agricultural Organization DimitraVassilikaThessal

Forest biodiversity studies conducted across Europe use a multitude of forestry terms,often *** hinders the comparability across studies and makes the assessment of the impacts of forest management on biodiversity highly *** attempts to standardize forestry and stand description terminology mostly used a top-down approach that did not account for the perspectives and approaches of forest biodiversity *** work aims to establish common standards for silvicultural and vegetation definitions,creating a shared conceptual framework for a consistent study on the effects of forest management on *** have identified both strengths and weaknesses of the silvicultural and vegetation information provided in forest biodiversity *** quantitative data on forest biomass and dominant tree species are frequently included,information on silvicultural activities and vegetation composition is often lacking,shallow,or based on broad and heterogeneous *** discuss the existing classifications and their use in European forest biodiversity studies through a novel bottom-up and top-driven review process,and ultimately propose a common *** will enhance the comparability of forest biodiversity studies in Europe,and puts the basis for effective implementation and monitoring of sustainable forest management *** standards here proposed are potentially adaptable and applicable to other geographical areas and could be extended to other forest interventions.

关键词： Forest management Multi-taxon Terminology Silviculture Data harmonization

Unveiling health rights:A call to action for sex workers'HIV care in the Philippines

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第1期17卷 45-46页

作者： Sheikh Mohd Saleem Shah Sumaya jan Health Section International NGONew DelhiIndia Department of Anatomy Govt.Medical CollegeSrinagarIndia

We are writing in response to the article titled“Addressing the needs and rights of sex workers for HIV healthcare services in the Philippines”[1].The article calls for attention on the significant challenges faced by sex workers in the Philippines in accessing HIV *** appreciate the article’s effort to examine these issues in *** would like to present a constant flow of thoughts in this letter while highlighting the positive aspects,potential obstacles,and additional points that contribute to this ongoing discussion.

关键词： workers action letter

Recurrent evolution of seaweed body plan complexity among photosynthetic eukaryotes

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Molecular Plant 2024年第7期17卷 999-1001页

作者： Elisa S.Goldbecker Iker Irisarri jan de Vries Department of Applied Bioinformatics Institute for Microbiology and GeneticsUniversity of GottingenGoldschmidtstr.137077 GottingenGermany Section Phylogenomics Center for Molecular Biodiversity ResearchLeibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change(LIB)Museum of Nature HamburgMartin-Luther-King-Platz 320146 HamburgGermany Department of Applied Bioinformatics Campus Institute Data Science(CIDAS)University of GottingenGoldschmidtstr.137077 GottingenGermany Department of Applied Bioinformatics Gottingen Center for Molecular Biosciences(GZMB)University of GottingenGoldschmidtstr.137077 GottingenGermany

The evolutionary origin of multicellularity is an age-old question in biological *** studies have delved into the evolutionary processes that led to the evolution of multicellular life forms from unicellular *** beauty and the challenge about this topic are that evolution has brought forth various forms of multicellular life,multiple times independently,scattered across the evolutionary tree of *** to the challenge,multicellular organisms exist in a diversity of forms and complexities,and the mechanisms by which multicellularity emerged are also likely different between animals,algae,or fungi(Niklas and Newman,2020).Recently,Nelson et al.(2024)presented a large-scale comparative genomics study focused on particularly intricate multicellular organisms:macroalgae(seaweeds),which emerged independently in three distinct eukaryotic lineages-green algae(Chlorophyta),red algae(Rhodophyta),and brown algae(Phaeophyceae).

关键词： algae seaweed evolution