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Postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation stabilize microbiota in rumen liquid digesta during grain-based subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA) in lactating dairy cows

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第5期15卷 2059-2080页

作者： Junfei Guo Zhengxiao Zhang Le Luo Guan Ilkyu Yoon jan c.plaizier Ehsan Khafipour Department of Animal Science University of ManitobaWinnipegMB R3T 2N2Canada Present Address:college of Food and Biological Engineering Jimei UniversityXiamenFujian 361021China Department of Agriculture Food and Nutrition DepartmentUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 2R3Canada Faculty of Land and Food Systems University of British ColumbiaVancouverBC V6T 1Z4Canada Diamond V Cedar RapidsIA 52404United States Present Address:cargill Animal Nutrition 15407 McGinty Road WestWayzataMN 55391USA

Background Subacute ruminal acidosis(SARA)is a common metabolic disorder of high yielding dairy cows,and it is associated with dysbiosis of the rumen and gut microbiome and host *** study evaluated the impact of two postbiotics from Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products(ScFP)on rumen liquid associated microbiota of lactating dairy cows subjected to repeated grain-based SARA challenges.A total of 32 rumen cannulated cows were randomly assigned to 4 treatments from 4 weeks before until 12 weeks after *** groups included a control diet or diets supplemented with postbiotics(ScFPa,14 g/d Original XPc;ScFPb-1X,19 g/d Nutri Tek;ScFPb-2X,38 g/d Nutri Tek,Diamond V,cedar Rapids,IA,USA).Grain-based SARA challenges were conducted during week 5(SARA1)and week 8(SARA2)after parturition by replacing 20%DM of the base total mixed ration(TMR)with pellets containing 50%ground barley and 50%ground *** DNA from rumen liquid samples was subjected to V3–V416S r RNA gene amplicon *** of rumen microbiota were compared among treatments and SARA *** Both SARA challenges reduced the diversity and richness of rumen liquid microbiota,altered the overall composition(β-diversity),and its predicted functionality including carbohydrates and amino acids metabolic *** SARA challenges also reduced the number of significant associations among different taxa,number of hub taxa and their composition in the microbial co-occurrence *** with ScFP postbiotics,in particular ScFPb-2X,enhanced the robustness of the rumen *** ScFP supplemented cows had less fluctuation in relative abundances of community members when exposed to SARA *** ScFP supplementation promoted the populations of lactate utilizing and fibrolytic bacteria,including members of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae,and also increased the numbers of hub taxa during non-SARA and SARA *** with S

关键词： Postbiotics Rumen microbiota Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation products SARA

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Mshpy23:a user-friendly,parameterized model of magnetosheath conditions

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Earth and Planetary Physics 2024年第1期8卷 89-104页

作者： Jaewoong Jung Hyunju connor Andrew Dimmock Steve Sembay Andrew Read jan Soucek NASA Goddard Space Flight center GreenbeltMDUSA Department of Astronomy University of MarylandCollege ParkMDUSA Swedish Institude of Space Physics UppsalaSweden University of Leicester LeicesterUK Institute of Atmospheric Physics Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

Lunar Environment heliospheric X-ray Imager(LEXI)and Solar wind−Magnetosphere−Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)will observe magnetosheath and its boundary motion in soft X-rays for understanding magnetopause reconnection modes under various solar wind conditions after their respective launches in 2024 and *** conditions,namely,plasma density,velocity,and temperature,are key parameters for predicting and analyzing soft X-ray images from the LEXI and SMILE *** developed a userfriendly model of magnetosheath that parameterizes number density,velocity,temperature,and magnetic field by utilizing the global Magnetohydrodynamics(MHD)model as well as the pre-existing gas-dynamic and analytic *** this parameterized magnetosheath model,scientists can easily reconstruct expected soft X-ray images and utilize them for analysis of observed images of LEXI and SMILE without simulating the complicated global magnetosphere ***,we created an MHD-based magnetosheath model by running a total of 14 OpenGGcM global MHD simulations under 7 solar wind densities(1,5,10,15,20,25,and 30 cm)and 2 interplanetary magnetic field Bz components(±4 nT),and then parameterizing the results in new magnetosheath *** compared the magnetosheath model result with THEMIS statistical data and it showed good agreement with a weighted Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.77,especially for plasma density and plasma ***,we compiled a suite of magnetosheath models incorporating previous magnetosheath models(gas-dynamic,analytic),and did two case studies to test the *** MHD-based model was comparable to or better than the previous models while providing self-consistency among the magnetosheath ***,we constructed a tool to calculate a soft X-ray image from any given vantage point,which can support the planning and data analysis of the aforementioned LEXI and SMILE missions.A release of the code has been uploaded to a Git

关键词： magnetosheath python modeling

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Liquid crystal immunosensors for the selective detection of Escherichia coli with a fast analysis tool

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Photonics Research 2024年第7期12卷 1564-1573页

作者： SANDRO c.OLIVEIRA MARIA S.SOARES BÁRBARA V.GONÇALVES ANDREIA c.M.RODRIGUES AMADEU M.V.M.SOARES RITA G.SOBRAL NUNO F.SANTOS jan NEDOMA PEDRO L.ALMEIDA cARLOS MARQUES cIcEcO-Aveiro Institute of Materials Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal i3N Physics DepartmentUniversity of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal cESAM-centre for Environmental and Marine Studies and Department of Biology University of Aveiro3810-193 AveiroPortugal Department of Telecommunications VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic i3N-cENIMAT School of Sciences and TechnologyNOVA University of Lisbon1099-085 LisbonPortugal UnIRE ISELPolytechnic Institute of Lisbon1549-020 LisbonPortugal Department of Physics VSB-Technical University of OstravaOstrava 70800Czech Republic

The consumption of contaminated food may cause serious illnesses,and traditional methods to detect Escherichia coli are still associated with long waiting times and high costs given the necessity to transport samples to specialized *** is a need to develop new technologies that allow cheap,fast,and direct monitoring at the site of ***,in this work,we developed optical immunosensors for the selective detection of ***,based on liquid crystal technology,whose molecules can align in different manners depending on the boundary conditions (such as substrates) as well as the environment that they *** glass substrate was functionalized with *** antibody using cysteamine as an intermediate,and a vertical alignment was imposed on the liquid crystal molecules by using DMOAP during *** presence of bacteria disrupts the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules,changing the intensity of light emerging between cross polarizers,measured using a polarized optical microscope and a *** was possible to detect *** in suspensions in the concentration range from 2.8 cells/mL to 2.8×10^(9) cells∕*** was also evaluated,and the sensors were used to analyze contaminated water samples.A prototype was developed to allow faster,in-situ,and easier analysis avoiding bulky instruments.

关键词： crystal alignment analysis

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Etching Mechanism of Ti_(3)c_(2)cl_(2) MXene Phases by cucl_(2)-Lewis Molten Salt Method

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2024年第4期39卷 863-868页

作者：严明 ZHU Yu HUANG Jiangtao cHEN Haoyu DENG Yuxiao cHEN Yanlin 王娟 jan-Michael Albina Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China New Materials and Green Manufacturing Talent Introduction and Innovation Demonstration Base Hubei University of TechnologyWuhan 430068China Hubei Longzhong Laboratory Xiangyang 441000China

We described a method for obtaining fluorine-free Ti_(3)c_(2)cl_(2)MXene phases by melting copper in cucl_(2)instead of aluminum in Ti_(3)Alc_(2).XRD results show that when molten salt cucl_(2)etches Ti_(3)Alc_(2),it forms an intermediate product Ti_(3)cuc_(2),and then reacts with Ti_(3)cuc_(2)to obtain Ti_(3)c_(2)cl_(2).The reaction of Ti_(3)Alc_(2)and cucl_(2)at a temperature of 800℃for 2 h to obtain Ti_(3)c_(2)cl_(2)with an optimal lamellar structure is shown in SEM *** pseudopotential plane-wave(PP-PW)method is used to calculate on the electronic *** etching mechanism is investigated by the total energies of each *** chemical reaction of Ti_(3)Alc_(2)and cucl_(2)will first become Ti_(3)cuc_(2)and cu,and then become Ti_(3)c_(2)cl_(2)during the Lewis acid etching process,which are consistent with the experimental results.

关键词： molten salt method cucl_(2) MXene first-principles calculations etching mechanism

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Importance of periphytic biofilms for carbon cycling in paddy fields:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 36-43页

作者： Lei ZHOU Yonghong WU Junzhuo LIU Pengfei SUN Ying XU jan DOLFING Robert GMSPENcER Erik JEPPESEN State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Ministry of Water Resources of the People's Republic of ChinaYichang 443605China college of Nanjing University of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 211135China Faculty of Energy and Environment Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon Tyne NE18QHUK Department of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric ScienceFlorida State UniversityTallahassee FL 32306USA Department of Ecoscience&centre for Water Technology(WATEc) Aarhus UniversityAarhus DK-8000Denmark Sino-Danish centre for Education and Research Beijing 100049China Limnology Laboratory Department of Biological Sciences and Centre for Ecosystem Research and Implementation(EKOSAM)Middle East Technical UniversityAnkara 06800Turkiye Institute of Marine Sciences Middle East Technical UniversityMersin 33731Turkiye

Paddy fields play an important role in global carbon(c) cycling and are an important source of methane(cH_(4)) emissions. Insights into the processes influencing the dynamics of soil organic c(SOc) in paddy fields are essential for maintaining global soil c stocks and mitigating climate change. Periphytic biofilms composed of microalgae, bacteria, and other microorganisms are ubiquitous in paddy fields, where they directly mediate the transfer of elements at the soil-water interface. However, their contributions to c turnover and exchange have been largely neglected. Periphytic biofilms affect and participate in soil c dynamics by altering both abiotic(e.g., pH and redox potential) and biotic conditions(e.g., microbial community composition and metabolism). This review summarizes the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil c cycling processes, including carbon dioxide fixation, SOc mineralization, and cH_(4) emissions. Future research should be focused on: i) the mechanisms underlying periphytic biofilm-induced c fixation and turnover and ii) quantifying the contributions of periphytic biofilms to soil c uptake, stabilization, and sequestration in paddy fields.

关键词： carbon fixation carbon mineralization carbon sequestration methane emission microbial aggregates soil organic carbon

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The g-factor measurement as an ultimate test for nuclear chirality

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第3期19卷 1-10页

作者： Ernest Grodner Michał Kowalczyk Julian Srebrny Leszek Próchniak chrystian Droste jan Kownacki Maciej Kisieliński Krzysztof Starosta Takeshi Koike National centre for Nuclear Research 05-540ŚwierkPoland Heavy Ion Laboratory University of WarsawPasteura 5a02-093 WarsawPoland Faculty of Physics University of WarsawPasteura 502-093 WarsawPoland Simon Fraser University 8888 University Drive BurnabyB.C.Canada V5A 1S6 Department of Physics Tohoku UniversitySendaiMiyagi 980-8577Japan

We present results of a series of experiments aimed at finding the most direct fingerprints of a phenomenon of nuclear chirality. These experiments brought a detailed knowledge of the so called partner bands in 132La, 128cs and 126cs including absolute values of E2 and M1 transition probabilities obtained through the DSA (Doppler Shift Attenuation) method. considering the indirect character of observables such as energies and transition rates we proposed measurement of the g-factor of a chosen state as a direct, ultimate test of chirality. Our experiment on the bandhead of partner bands in 128cs showed feasibility of this approach. Measured value of the g-factor which suggests non-chiral character of this state leads to another puzzle in the chirality studies — how the chirality emerges with increasing spin of levels along a partner band.

关键词： nuclear chirality electromagnetic transitions electromagnetic moments level lifetimes

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Littoral landforms of Lake Hulun and Lake Buir(china and Mongolia):Wind-driven hydro-sedimentary dynamics and resulting clastics distribution

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第2期13卷 309-326页

作者： Li Wang Mathieu Schuster Shi-Wei Xin Florin Zainescu Xin-Yu Xue Joep Storms jan-Hendrik May Alexis Nutz Helena van der Vegt Guilherme Bozetti Zai-Xing Jiang School of Energy Resources China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing100083China Universite de Strasbourg CNRSENGEESInstitut Terre et Environnement de StrasbourgUMR 70635 Rue DescartesStrasbourgFrance Tamsag Mongolia(XIX)Ltd. PetroChinaDaqing 163000China cEREGE Aix-Marseille UniversitéCNESIRDCollege de FranceINRAAix en ProvenceFrance School of Marine Science Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhuhai 519083China Delft University of Technology Department of Geoscience and EngineeringDelfthe Netherlands School of Geography Earth and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Melbourne253 Elgin St.CarltonVIC 3053Australia Deltares Delfthe Netherlands ScMF Faculty of GeographyUniversity of Bucharest1 N.Balcescu Blv.BucharestRomania

Two rectangular-shaped lakes,Lake Hulun and Lake Buir,located at the boundary between china and Mongolia,only c.75 km apart and therefore experiencing similar wind fields,have been studied based on satellite images and field surveys in order to compare their geomorphological and sedimentological *** wind-driven hydrodynamics,which have a significant effect on the development of littoral landforms and on sediment distribution,have been discussed for the two similar lakes that experienced a prevailing wind perpendicular to their long axis.A conceptual model related to wind-driven water bodies and sediment distribution is ***-influenced to wave-dominated deltas,beaches,spits,and eolian dune deposits develop around these two lakes,with a strikingly similar distribution *** features locally inform the longshore drift and help reconstruct the water circulation induced by wind *** the NW prevailing wind regime,the spits developed on the SW coast with a NW—SE extension,which was influenced by the NW—SE longshore *** same influence was observed in the delta extension in the NE *** differences lie in the presence of fan deltas in the NW region of Lake Hulun,but not in Lake ***,the width of the beach and eolian deposits on the downwind coast of Lake Hulun is three times greater than that of Lake Buir which were caused by the differences in sediment supply and wind fetch between the two *** Hulun and Lake Buir provide two reliable examples to understand the relationship among the wind field,provenance,hydrodynamics,landforms,and asymmetrical distribution of clastics in elongated *** also represent relevant modern analogs,which may also be of guiding significance to wind-driven sand body prediction in lacustrine basins.

关键词： Wind-driven lakes Fetch Sedimentary facies Hydrodynamics Geomorphology Spits Shoreline Lake Hulun Lake Buir

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Detection of Bisphenol A (BPA) in Plastic Bottles Using Vertical cultivation at Various Temperatures

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第6期15卷 656-671页

作者： Karwan Alkaradaghi Tara Ali Nadhir Al-Ansari Polla Khanaqa jan Laue Department of civil Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering Lulea University of Technology Lulea Sweden Kurdistan Institution for Strategic Studies and Scientific Research Sulaimaniyah Iraq

Polycarbonate plastics containing bisphenol A (BPA) used to manufacture drinking water bottles. Kurdistan region in northern Iraq is a developed area with increased pollution from plastic bottles. Trace amounts of BPA have been detected in bottled water samples. The absorption of BPA was measured with HPLc using a vertical cultivation system with Bulbs of the Allium cepa plant planted in these plastic bottles with monitored growth. Vertical cultivation was found to have a low level of BPA in the plant cells, making it a safe cultivation method under specific climate conditions. The mean concentration of BPA in vertical cultivation is 0.19 ug/ml (3.8 ng for a 20 uL injection), and the Limit of Quantification (LOQ) is 0.63 ug/ml (12.7 ng for 20 uL injection). While Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) shows that the concentrations are relatively low in water samples stored at room temperature compared to those exposed to direct sunlight (40°c) and water bottle samples stored at (-4°c), The correlation coefficients were found to be good (0.9992). SEM is used for plastic bottle samples stored at different temperatures. The images identify compound decay and explore the morphology of BPA in manufactured plastic materials.

关键词： Vertical cultivation Allium Bisphenol A Plastic Bottles Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)

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Different radial growth responses to climate warming by two dominant tree species at their upper altitudinal limit on changbai Mountain

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Journal of Forestry Research 2017年第4期28卷 795-804页

作者： Liwen Zhuang jan c. Axmacher Weiguo Sang Heilongjiang Forestry Academy of Sciences Harbin 150040People’s Republic of China UcL Department of Geography University College LondonPearson BuildingGower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUK Minzu University of china Beijing 100081People’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental change Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093People’s Republic of China

We analyzed the influence of climate change over the past 50 years on the radial growth of two tree species: Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis) and Yezo spruce (Picea jezoensis), located on changbai Mountain, Northeast china, using a dendrochronology approach to understand factors that limit the altitude for tree species. Elevated temperatures increased the radial growth of Korean pine and decreased that of Yezo spruce. The positive response of tree growth to hydrothermal conditions was the key reason that the upper limit of elevation of Korean pine followed the temperature fluctuation pattern. Increased temperatures and precipitation and longer growing seasons accelerated Korean pine growth. As the temperature increased, correlations between Korean pine ring-width chronology and precipitation changed from negative to positive. In Yezo spruce, increasing monthly temperatures and inadequate precipitation during the middle and late parts of the growing season led to narrow growth rings, whereas decreasing monthly temperatures and sufficient precipitation during the late growing season promoted growth. Rising temperatures and adequate precipitation increases Korean pine growth, possibly elevating the upper range limit in altitude for this species. In contrast, Yezo spruce growth is negatively affected by warming temperatures and limited precipitation. Under future temperature increases and precipitation fluctuations, the upper limit altitude of Korean pine can reasonably be expected to shift upward and Yezo spruce downward.

关键词： climate change Picea jezoensis Pinus koraiensis Tree-ring Upper altitudinal limit

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Investigating the use cases of a novel heat battery in Dutch residential buildings

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建筑模拟(英文) 2023年第9期16卷 1675-1689页

作者： Shuwei Wang Pieter-jan Hoes jan L.M.Hensen Olaf c.G.Adan Pim A.J.Donkers Department of the Built Environment Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenP.O.Box 5135600 MB Eindhoventhe Netherlands Department of Applied Physics Eindhoven University of TechnologyEindhovenP.O.Box 5135600 MB Eindhoventhe Netherlands TNO Materials Solutions P.O.Box 62355600 HE Eindhoventhe Netherlands cellcius BV Horsten 15612 AXEindhoventhe Netherlands

Recent advances in thermochemical storage technology have introduced a novel closed-loop thermal energy storage(TES)system,known as the heat battery(HB),which is believed to have great potential for aiding the energy transition in the built environment because of its higher energy density and neglectable storage loss compared to conventional TES *** order to investigate the potential use cases of the HB and provide practical feedback for its further development,this research employs a simulation-based approach to analyze its influence on building performance in various use cases within Dutch residential *** including the homeowner,distribution system operator,and district heating system operator are identified,and a preliminary list of use cases is defined based on relevant literature and input from the HB *** simulation approach is conducted to predict key performance indicators for each *** Kruskal-Wallis test was employed to sort and scrutinize the simulation outcomes and discern the significance of each use case *** findings demonstrated that the HB holds the potential to diminish both the operational energy cost by up to 30%for the homeowners and the peak heating load transmitted from the building to the district heating system.

关键词： thermochemical storage building performance simulation use case solar energy demand-side management

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