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Pyramiding disease resistance genes in elite winter wheat germplasm for Western Canada

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The Crop Journal 2019年第6期7卷 739-749页

作者： AndréLaroche Michele Frick Robert J.Graf jamie Larsen John d.Laurie Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Lethbridge Research and Development CentreLethbridgeAlberta T1J 4B1Canada Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Harrow Research and Development Centre2585 County Road 20HarrowOntario N0R 1G0Canada

We report on pyramiding different disease resistance genes against fungal pathogens in Canadian winter wheat germplasm based on available dNA markers and gene *** resistance represents a safe, economical and ecological method for protecting plants, growers and the health of consumers. Major diseases of wheat on the Canadian Prairies are common bunt, rusts(leaf, stem and stripe) and Fusarium head blight. Over the years markers for resistance genes against these diseases have been identified and used by the international wheat community. We describe markers that we have used to pyramid different resistance genes and indicate their presence in Canadian winter wheat cultivars issued from the winter wheat breeding program at the Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada,Lethbridge Research and development Centre, the only winter wheat breeding program in Western Canada actively delivering new varieties for all regions of the Canadian *** sources of resistance and identities of PCR primers and amplification conditions are indicated to enable the transfer and pyramiding of different resistance(R) genes to breeding lines. We conclude by reviewing new tools for identifying R genes in wheat and indicate how mutagenesis and gene editing can help future efforts to extend the protection offered by known R genes.

关键词： Bunt Gene pyramiding Wheat rusts Marker-assisted selection Triticum aestivum

Additive manufacturing of mechanical testing samples based on virgin poly （lactic acid）（PLA） and PLA/wood fibre composites

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Advances in Manufacturing 2018年第1期6卷 71-82页

作者： Yu dong jamie Milentis Alokesh Pramanik department of Mechanical Engineering Curtin UniversityGPO Box U1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia

3d printing in additive manufacturing is con-sidered as one of key technologies to the future high-pre-cision manufacturing in order to benefit diverse industriesin building construction, product development, biomedicalinnovation, etc. The increasing applications of 3d printedcomponents depend primarily on their significant merits ofreduced weight, minimum used materials, high precisionand shorter production time. Furthermore, it is very crucialthat such 3d printed components can maintain the same oreven better material performance and product quality asthose achieved by conventional manufacturing *** study successfully fabricated 3d printed mechanicaltesting samples of PLA and PLA/wood fibre composites.3d printing parameters including infill density, layer heightand the number of shells were investigated via design ofexperiments （dOE）, among which the number of shells wasdetermined as the most significant factor for maximisingtensile strengths of PLA samples. Further, doE workevaluated the effect of material type （i.e., neat PLA andPLA/wood fibres） and the number of shells on tensile,flexural and impact strengths of material samples. It issuggested that material type is the only predominant factorfor maximising all mechanical strengths, which howeverare consistently lower for PLA/wood fibre compositeswhen compared with those of neat PLA. Increasing thenumber of shells, on the other hand, has been found toimprove almost all strength levels and decrease infillcavities.

关键词： Additive manufacturing (AM) Poly (lacticacid) (PLA) Wood fibres Polymer composites designof experiments (doEs)

Tailoring the degradation rate of magnesium through biomedical nano-porous titanate coatings

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第1期9卷 336-350页

作者： Matthew d.Wadge jamie McGuire Benjamin V.T.Hanby Reda M.Felfel Ifty Ahmed david M.Grant Advanced Materials Research Group Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of NottinghamNG72RD United Kingdom Physics department Faculty of ScienceMansoura UniversityMansoura 35516Egyp

A novel approach was developed to reduce the corrosion rate of magnesium(Mg)metal,utilising titanate *** sputtering was used to deposit ca.500 nm titanium(Ti)coatings onto pure Mg discs,followed by hydrothermal conversion and ion exchange reactions to produce sodium and calcium titanate *** confirmed the characteristic nanoporous structure of sodium and calcium titanate,with thicknesses ranging from ca.0.8 to 1.4μ*** analysis confirmed the presence of Ti^(4+)-O,Na-O,and Ca-O bonding,whilst Raman spectroscopy demonstrated characteristic vibrational modes(such as TiO 6 octahedral vibrations)of the sodium and calcium titanate perovskite ***,corrosion studies through potentiodynamic polarisation measurements demonstrated the NB/NH CaTC samples to be superior in reducing Mg degradation,compared to other samples tested,through an increase in E_(corr)from-1.49 to-1.33 V,and the reduction in corrosion current density,i corr,from 0.31 to 0.06 mA/cm^(2)for Mg and NB/NH CaTC samples,*** was a clear trend noted for the NB/NH samples,which showed an increase in E corr to more positive values in the following order:Mgdd onto degradable plates for bone fracture fixation,or other orthopaedic applications.

关键词： Magnesium degradation Titanate Biodegradable Ion exchange Electrochemical corrosion Magnetron sputtering

Miniaturized Twin-legged Robot with an Electromagnetic Oscillatory Actuator

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Journal of Bionic Engineering 2018年第1期15卷 106-113页

作者： Buhyun Shin Youngshik Kim jamie Paik Kyung-min Lee department of Mechanical Engineering Hanbat National University 125 Dongseodaero Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34158 Republic of Korea The Institute of Mechanical Engineering EPFL BM 4118 Station 17 1015-Lausanne Switzerland School of Mechanical Engineering Yeungnam University 280 Daehak-Ro Gyeongsan Gyeongbuk 38541 Republic of Korea

There have been many studies on the moving mechanism of micro robots, such as stick-slip, inchworm like motion, and impact drive. Novel actuators like lead zirconate titanate （PZT）, Shape Memory Alloy （SMA）, magnetostrictive materials, electromagnetic actuators, electoractive polymers, ultrasonic linear motors, and dielectric elastomers are utilized to realize the moving mechanism. The use of a conventional electromagnetic actuator is unfavorable, because of a few drawbacks, such as generation of stray magnetic fields, hard to miniaturize to the millimeter scale because of 3d integration and a scaling law, and power consumption to maintain a certain position. This research presents a micro robot that uses an electromagnetic actuator customized and developed for micro robot. The electromagnetic actuator is designed from a Brushless direct Current （BLdC） motor to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above. The developed robot is composed of two electromagnetic actuators. The overall size of the robot is 20 mm × 11 mm× 9 mm （length × height × width） and the weight is 3 g. The developed robot is able to move bidirectionally with a maximum moving speed of 15.76 mm·s︿-1 （0.79 body-length per second）. The optimal conditions of an input signal are calculated theoretically and verified with experiments.

关键词： electromagnetic actuator oscillatory actuator bionic micro robot stick-slip brushless dC motor

Maturity-associated considerations for training load,injury risk,and physical performance in youth soccer:One size does not fit all

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第4期10卷 403-412页

作者： Chris Towlson jamie Salter Jack d.Ade Kevin Enright Liam d.Harper Richard M.Page James J.Malone department of Sport Health and Exercise ScienceUniversity of HullHull HU67RXUK School of Sport York St John UniversityYork YO317EXUK Liverpool FC Academy Liverpool Football ClubLiverpool L337EDUK Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences L3Liverpool John Moores UniversityLiverpool L33AUK Human and Health Sciences University of HuddersfieldHuddersfield HD13DHUK department of Sport and Physical Activity Edge Hill UniversityOrmskirk L394QPUK School of Health Sciences Liverpool Hope UniversityLiverpool L169JDUK

Biological maturation can be defined as the timing and tempo of progress to achieving a mature *** estimation of age of peak height velocity(PHV)or percentage of final estimated adult stature attainment(%EASA)is typically used to inform the training process in young *** youth soccer,maturity-related changes in anthropometric and physical fitness characteristics are diverse among individuals,particularly around *** this time,players are also at an increased risk of sustaining an overuse or growth-related *** a result,the implementation of training interventions can be *** purpose of this review was to(1)highlight and discuss many of the methods that can be used to estimate maturation in the applied setting and(2)discuss the implications of manipulating training load around PHV on physical development and injury *** have provided key stakeholders with a practical online tool for estimating player maturation status(Supplementary Maturity Estimation Tools).Whilst estimating maturity using predictive equations is useful in guiding the training process,practitioners should be aware of its *** increase the accuracy and usefulness of data,it is also vital that sports scientists implement reliable testing protocols at predetermined time-points.

关键词： Growth Injury Maturation Soccer Training

“Cut-and-paste” method for the rapid prototyping of soft electronics

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第2期62卷 199-208页

作者： YANG XiangXing HUANG YiFu dAI ZhaoHe BARBER jamie WANG PuLin LU NanShu department of Electrical and Computer Engineering the University of Texas at Austin Center for Mechanics of Solids Structures and Materials Department of Aerospace Engineering and Engineering Mechanicsthe University of Texas at Austin Stretch Med Inc. department of Biomedical Engineering the University of Texas at Austin Texas Materials Institute the University of Texas at Austin

Unlike wafer-based rigid electronics, soft electronics have many unique advantages including thinness, flexibility, stretchability,conformability, lightweight, large area, as well as low cost. As a result, they have demonstrated many emerging capabilities in healthcare devices, soft robotics, and human-machine interface. Instead of conventional microfabrication, there is an evergrowing interest in the freeform or digital manufacture of soft electronics. This review provides a survey for a cost-and timeeffective subtractive manufacturing process called the "cut-and-paste" method. It employs a mechanical cutter plotter to form patterns on various electronically functional membranes such as sheets of metals, functional polymers, and even two-dimensional(2d) materials, supported by a temporary tape. The patterned membranes can then be pasted on soft substrates such as medical tapes or even human skin. This process is completely dry and desktop. It does not involve any rigid wafers and is hence capable of making large-area electronics. The process can be repeated to integrate multiple materials on a single *** circuits(ICs) and rigid components can be added through a "cut-solder-paste" process. Multilayer devices can also be fabricated through lamination. We therefore advocate that the "cut-and-paste" method is a very versatile approach for the rapid prototyping of soft electronics for various applications.

关键词： cut-and-paste subtractive manufacture epidermal electronics electronic tattoos 2d materials

Assessment strategies and fighting patterns in animal contests： a role for serotonin？

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Current Zoology 2016年第3期62卷 257-263页

作者： Andrew N. BUBAK Alison R. GERKEN Michael J. WATT jamie d, COSTABILE Kenneth J. RENNER John G. SWALLOW Integrative Biology University of Colorado-Denver Denver CO 80217-3364 USA Molecular Genetics and Microbiology University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA Center for Brain and Behavior Research Basic Biomedical Sciences University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA Biology department University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA

Accurate assessment of the probability of success in an aggressive confrontation with a conspecific is critical to the survival and fitness of the individuals. Various game theory models have examined these assessment strategies under the assumption that contests should favor the animal with the greater resource-holding potential （RHP）, body size typically being the proxy. Mutual assessment asserts that an individual can assess their own RHP relative to their opponent, allowing the inferior animal the chance to flee before incurring unnecessary costs. The model of self-determined persistence, however, assumes that an individual will fight to a set personal threshold, independ- ent of their opponent＇s RHP. Both models have been repeatedly tested using size as a proxy for RHP, with neither receiving unambiguous support. Here we present both morphological and neuro- physiological data from size-matched and mismatched stalk-eyed fly fights. We discovered differ- ing fighting strategies between winners and losers. Winners readily escalated encounters to higher intensity and physical contact and engaged in less low-intensity, posturing behaviors compared with losers. Although these fighting strategies were largely independent of size, they were associ- ated with elevated levels of 5-HT. Understanding the neurophysiological factors responsible for mediating the motivational state of opponents could help resolve the inconsistencies seen in cur- rent game theory models. Therefore, we contend that current studies using only size as a proxy for RHP may be inadequate in determining the intricacies of fighting ability and that future studies investigating assessment strategies and contest outcome should include neurophysiological data.

关键词： aggression assessment fighting strategies serotonin monoamines resource-holding potential.

New Methods and Synthetic Applications of Asymmetric Nitrogen Transfer

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2005年第9期23卷 1270-1272页

作者： ARMSTRONG, Alan EdMONdS, lan COOKE, Richard S. SHANAHAN, Stephen E. KNIGHT, jamie d. CUMMING, Graham R. department of Chemistry Imperial College London South Kensington London SW7 2AZ UK

Structure/reactivity relationships of N-alkoxycarbonyl- and N-carboxamidooxaziridines are explored, and conditions are discovered for the efficient amination of sulfides and primary amines. Reactions of these oxaziridines with alkenes are also examined, and lead to interesting new heteroatom transfer reaction products. Finally, the aminative rearrangement of 2-alkoxydihydropyrans leads to a useful stereocontrolled synthesis of pyrrolidines which can undergo synthetic manipulations to give [2.2.1 ]- and [3.2.1 ]-azabicycles.

关键词： N-alkoxycarbonyl N-carboxamidooxazinidine amination

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地铁隧道施工引起地层位移规律的探讨

岩土力学 2007年第3期28卷 609-613页

作者：韩煊李宁 jamie R.STANdING 西安理工大学岩土工程研究所英国帝国理工学院

目前对城市隧道开挖所引起的地表以下地层的位移规律的认识还很不充分,长期以来只有定性地认识。英国学者Mair等人(1993年)根据在黏土中的有限实测资料,基于预测地表位移的Peck公式,考虑了沉降槽宽度随深度变化,从而提出了地表以下的位... 详细信息

目前对城市隧道开挖所引起的地表以下地层的位移规律的认识还很不充分,长期以来只有定性地认识。英国学者Mair等人(1993年)根据在黏土中的有限实测资料,基于预测地表位移的Peck公式,考虑了沉降槽宽度随深度变化,从而提出了地表以下的位移计算公式。他们的研究成果被广泛引用,但是由于其仅适用于黏性土,且假定地表处沉降槽宽度参数为0.5,因此在应用上受到很大的限制。在Mair公式的基础上,着重讨论了沉降槽宽度参数随地层深度的变化趋势,并提出了修正计算公式,不仅可以考虑地表沉降槽宽度参数与0.5相差较大的情况,还适用于砂类土地层,因此比Mair公式具有更广泛的适用性。

关键词：隧道地铁地层位移变形预测沉降槽沉降槽宽度参数