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碳酸氢钠预防造影剂肾病——一项随机对照研究

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美国医学会杂志（中文版） 2005年第6期24卷 339-345页

作者： Gregory J. Merten, MD W. Patrick Burgess, MD,PhD 1 Lee V. Gray,MD Jeremiah h. holleman, MD Timothy S. Roush, MD Gien J. Kowalchuk, MD Robert M. Bersin, MD Arl Van Moore,MD Charles A. Simonton Ⅲ, MD Robert A. Rittase, PharmD h. james Norton,PhD Thomas P. Kennedy, MD, MPh 罗洋（译）谌贻璞（校） Departments of Internal Medi- cine Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC. Dr Merten is now with the Division of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minn. Departments of Internal Radiology Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC. Dr Merten is now with the Division of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minn. Departments of Internal Clinical Pharmacy Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC. Dr Merten is now with the Division of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minn. Departments of Internal Biostatistics Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC. Dr Merten is now with the Division of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minn. Departments of Internal Sanger Cardiology Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC. Dr Merten is now with the Division of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minn. Departments of Internal Sanger Cardio- vascular Surgery Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC. Dr Merten is now with the Division of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minn. Departments of Internal Metrolina Nephrology Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC. Dr Merten is now with the Division of Nephrology Mayo Clinic Rochester Minn. 不详

背景：造影剂肾病仍是放射影像学检查的一种常见并发症。在动物急性缺血性肾衰竭模型中，预先使用碳酸氢钠比氯化钠的肾脏保护作用更佳。缺血和造影剂引发的急性肾衰竭均被认为是自由基损伤所致。但是，在人或动物至今尚无评价碳酸氢钠... 详细信息

背景：造影剂肾病仍是放射影像学检查的一种常见并发症。在动物急性缺血性肾衰竭模型中，预先使用碳酸氢钠比氯化钠的肾脏保护作用更佳。缺血和造影剂引发的急性肾衰竭均被认为是自由基损伤所致。但是，在人或动物至今尚无评价碳酸氢钠预防造影剂肾病有效性的研究。目的：在使用放射性造影剂前后用碳酸氢钠或氯化钠进行预防性水化，比较二者的有效性。设计、地点和病人：一项于2002年9月16日至2003年6月17日进行的前瞻性、单中心、随机试验。119例血清肌酐稳定在≥1．1mg／dL（t≥97．2μmol／L）水平的病人，在应用碘帕醇（370mg碘／mL）造影前后，随机接受了氯化钠静脉滴注（n=59）或碳酸氢钠静脉滴注（n=60），剂量均为154mEq／L。在造影前及造影后第1、2天进行了血清肌酐检测。干预：病人接受154mEq／L的氯化钠或碳酸氢钠，造影前以每小时3mL／kg的速度静脉滴注1小时，造影后以每小时1mL／kg的速度滴注上述药物6小时。主要观察指标：造影剂肾病，其定义为在造影后2天内血清肌酐升高tμ25％。结果：两组病人在年龄、性别、糖尿病发生、种族以及造影剂用量方面无显著差异。碳酸氢钠治疗组病人基线血清肌酐水平稍高于氯化钠治疗组，但亦无显著差异（氯化钠组均值[sD]为1．71[0．42]mg／dL[151．2{37．1}μmol／L]，碳酸氢钠组为1．89[0．69]mg／dL[167．1{61．0}μmol／L]；P=0．09）。氯化钠组8例（13．6％），发生造影剂肾病一级终点，而碳酸氢钠组仅1例（1．7％）（均值差别，11．9％；95％可信区间[CI]，2．6％～21．2％；P=0．02）。随后，又对191例符合研究纳入标准的病人给予了碳酸氢钠治疗并进行随访登记，结果有3例出现了造影剂肾病（1．6％；95％CI，0％～3．4％）。结论：对于造影剂引发的肾衰竭，在造影前采用碳酸氢钠进行水化治疗比采用氯化钠水化治疗更为有效。

关键词：造影剂肾病随机对照研究碳酸氢钠预防性急性缺血性肾衰竭放射影像学检查水化治疗血清肌酐静脉滴注肾脏保护作用

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蓝色星球

2018年

作者： (英)詹姆斯·霍尼伯内(james honeyborne) (英)马克·布朗诺(Mack Brownlow)

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癌症的生物学控制

国外医学(肿瘤学分册) 1988年第1期15卷 33-35页

作者： Baker h W 罗文新

肿瘤是不受任何稳定内环境因素控制的组织,这个定义已持续多年。1986年,美国外科学院癌症研究会在有关癌症治疗课程的绪言中,把快速生长的异常肿瘤细胞描述为稳定、不可逆、不易控制、不受限制的细胞。1940年,james认识到早期的定义不... 详细信息

肿瘤是不受任何稳定内环境因素控制的组织,这个定义已持续多年。1986年,美国外科学院癌症研究会在有关癌症治疗课程的绪言中,把快速生长的异常肿瘤细胞描述为稳定、不可逆、不易控制、不受限制的细胞。1940年,james认识到早期的定义不确切,指出:“无限制地生长并不是所有恶性肿瘤都具备的特征。”临床和实验越来越清楚地表明,必须把宿主作为一个能动的参与者,因为它具有征服新生物、影响疾病进程的能力。

关键词：疾病进程内环境淋巴因子子宫颈原位癌天然杀伤细胞乳腺导管内癌细胞毒试验宿主免疫分裂相细胞微小转移灶

Families of Dothideomycetes

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Fungal Diversity 2013年第6期63卷 1-313页

作者： Kevin D.hyde E.B.Gareth Jones Jian-Kui Liu hiran Ariyawansa Eric Boehm Saranyaphat Boonmee Uwe Braun Putarak Chomnunti Pedro W.Crous Dong-Qin Dai Paul Diederich Asha Dissanayake Mingkhuan Doilom Francesco Doveri Singang hongsanan Ruvishika Jayawardena james D.Lawrey Yan-Mei Li Yong-Xiang Liu Robert Lücking Jutamart Monkai Lucia Muggia Matthew P.Nelsen Ka-Lai Pang Rungtiwa Phookamsak Indunil C.Senanayake Carol A.Shearer Satinee Suetrong Kazuaki Tanaka Kasun M.Thambugala Nalin N.Wijayawardene Saowanee Wikee hai-Xia Wu Ying Zhang Begoña Aguirre-hudson S.Aisyah Alias AndréAptroot Ali h.Bahkali Jose L.Bezerra D.Jayarama Bhat Erio Camporesi Ekachai Chukeatirote Cécile Gueidan David L.hawksworth Kazuyuki hirayama Sybren De hoog Ji-Chuan Kang Kerry Knudsen Wen-Jing Li Xing-hong Li Zou-Yi Liu Ausana Mapook Eric h.C.McKenzie Andrew N.Miller Peter E.Mortimer Alan J.L.Phillips huzefa A.Raja Christian Scheuer Felix Schumm Joanne E.Taylor Qing Tian Saowaluck Tibpromma Dhanushka N.Wanasinghe Yong Wang Jian-Chu Xu Supalak Yacharoen Ji-Ye Yan Min Zhang Key Laboratory for Plant Biodiversity and Biogeography of East Asia(KLPB) Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of ScienceKunming 650201Yunnan China World Agroforestry Centre East Asia NodeHeilongtanKunming 650201China Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research Chiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand Institute Ocean Earth Sciences Kuala Lumpur 50603SelangorMalaysia Department of Botany and Microbiology King Saudi UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia 42 Longacre Drive LivingstonNJ 07039USA Institut für Biologie Bereich Geobotanik und Botanischer GartenHerbariumMartin-Luther-UniversitätNeuwerk 2106099 Halle(Saale)Germany CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre Uppsalalaan 83584CT UtrechtThe Netherlands Musée National d’histoire Naturelle 25 rue Munster2160 LuxembourgLuxembourg Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097People’s Republic of China Via dei Funaioli 22 57126 LivornoItaly Department of Environmental Science and Policy George Mason University4400 University DriveFairfaxVA 22030-4444USA International Fungal Research and Development Centre Key Laboratory of Resource Insect Cultivation&Utilization State Forestry AdministrationKunming 650224People’s Republic of China The Research Institute of Resource Insects Chinese Academy of ForestryKunming 650224People’s Republic of China Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biotechnology Guizhou Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuiyangGuizhou 550006People’s Republic of China Science and Education Integrative Research(Botany)The Field Museum1400 South Lake Shore DriveChicagoIL 60605-2496USA Institute of Plant Sciences University of GrazHolteigasse 68010 GrazAustria Department of Life Science University of TriesteVia L.Giorgieri 10TriesteItaly Committee on Evolutionary Biology University of Chicago1025 E.57th StreetChicagoIL 60637USA Institute ofMarine Biology and Center of Excellence for the Oceans Taiwan

Dothideomycetes comprise a highly diverse range of fungi characterized mainly by asci with two wall layers(bitunicate asci)and often with fissitunicate *** species are saprobes,with many asexual states comprising important plant *** are also endophytes,epiphytes,fungicolous,lichenized,or lichenicolous *** occur in terrestrial,freshwater and marine habitats in almost every part of the *** accept 105 families in Dothideomycetes with the new families Anteagloniaceae,Bambusicolaceae,Biatriosporaceae,Lichenoconiaceae,Muyocopronaceae,Paranectriellaceae,Roussoellaceae,Salsugineaceae,Seynesiopeltidaceae and Thyridariaceae introduced in this *** family is provided with a description and notes,including asexual and asexual states,and if more than one genus is included,the type genus is also *** family is provided with at least one figure-plate,usually illustrating the type genus,a list of accepted genera,including asexual genera,and a key to these genera.A phylogenetic tree based on four gene combined analysis add support for 64 of the families and 22 orders,including the novel orders,Dyfrolomycetales,Lichenoconiales,Lichenotheliales,Monoblastiales,Natipusillales,Phaeotrichales and *** paper is expected to provide a working document on Dothideomycetes which can be modified as new data comes to *** is hoped that by illustrating types we provide stimulation and interest so that more work is carried out in this remarkable group of fungi.

关键词： Acrospermales Asterinales Botryosphaeriales Capnodiales Dothideales Dyfrolomycetales hysteriales Jahnulales Lichenoconiales Lichenotheliales Microthyriales Monoblastiales Myriangiales Mytilinidiales Natipusillales Patellariales Phaeotrichales Phylogeny Pleosporales Strigulales Taxonomy Trypetheliales Tubeufiales Type species Venturiales

代谢综合征的诊断和治疗——美国心脏协会/国立心肺血液研究所指南概要

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世界核心医学期刊文摘（心脏病学分册） 2006年第4期2卷 8-11页

作者： Scott M. Grundy james I. Cleeman Stephen R. Daniels Karen A. Donato Robert h. Eckel Barry A.Franklin David J. Gordon Ronald M. Krauss Peter J. Savage Sidney C. Smith John A. Spertus Fernando Costa

0引言近几年,代谢综合征越来越受到人们的关注.它包括了可能直接促进动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)的多种相关代谢性危险因素.这些代谢性危险因素与2型糖尿病及其风险具有强相关性.这些代谢性危险因素包括致粥样硬化性血脂异常(甘油... 详细信息

0引言近几年,代谢综合征越来越受到人们的关注.它包括了可能直接促进动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病(ASCVD)的多种相关代谢性危险因素.这些代谢性危险因素与2型糖尿病及其风险具有强相关性.这些代谢性危险因素包括致粥样硬化性血脂异常(甘油三酯、载脂蛋白B及小LDL颗粒升高,hDL-C浓度降低)、血压升高、血糖升高以及血栓前状态、前炎性状态.

关键词：代谢综合征美国心脏协会动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病血液研究所血栓前状态概要指南心肺治疗诊断

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Integrating Neural Network and Tree-Search Approaches to Produce an Autosupervised System that Learns to Play Games

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Integrating Neural Network and Tree-Search Approaches to Pro...

新型多环黏膜切除器在食管内镜下手术的初步应用

IJCNN International Joint Conference on Neural Networks

作者： Marshall G.Flax Jack J.Gelfand Stephen h.Lane David A.handelman human Information Processing Group Department of Psychology Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544

＜正＞We present an autonomous domain-independent architecture for the learning and playing of two-person perfect-information *** approach integrates weak tree-search strategies with dynamic programming/temporal difference methods for neural-network learning of evaluation functions of game states,and utilizes a network based upon localizable receptive field functions which is particularly suited for classification and evaluation *** system learns while playing,and trains itself using the intermediate computations resulting from the limited tree-search used during *** results relating the effects of the localization of the evaluation net,the use of intermediate tree-search results,and the size of the neural network’s hidden layer are presented for the games,tic-tac-toe and lose-tic-tac-toe. In particular,we found that a neural net with b-spline local receptive field functions was far more suited to learning the evaluation function than a traditional backpropagauon network,and that learning from the intermediate computations of limited tree-searches greatly improved the robustness and quality of play.

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中国癌症杂志 2013年第7期23卷 530-534页

作者：张裔良张杰陈海泉相加庆张亚伟陈苏峰李鹤成孙艺华胡鸿繆珑升马龙飞 james Luketich 复旦大学附属肿瘤医院胸外科复旦大学上海医学院肿瘤学系上海200032 美国匹兹堡大学胸心外科匹兹堡15213

背景与目的：食管内镜治疗近年来发展迅速，本研究旨在探讨新型多环黏膜切除器DT-6在食管内镜下切除术（endoscopic resection，ER）的应用价值。方法：2011年6月至今，复旦大学附属肿瘤医院胸外科使用DT-6多环黏膜切除器完成了100例食... 详细信息

背景与目的：食管内镜治疗近年来发展迅速，本研究旨在探讨新型多环黏膜切除器DT-6在食管内镜下切除术（endoscopic resection，ER）的应用价值。方法：2011年6月至今，复旦大学附属肿瘤医院胸外科使用DT-6多环黏膜切除器完成了100例食管内镜下切除术。选取已有6个月以上随访期的患者为研究对象，对手术参数、围手术和术后随访情况作总结和分析，并比较食管切除术和内镜治疗在治疗食管癌前病变或早期癌的围手术参数。结果：2011年6月-2012年1月，共有32例患者在复旦大学附属肿瘤医院胸外科接受食管内镜下切除术，术中均使用新型DT一6。32ff0患者中，男性22例，女性10例，平均年龄59．0岁（25～83岁）。共进行了34次内镜下切除术，包括31例内镜下黏膜切除（endoscopic mucosal resection，EMR）和3例内镜黏膜下病变剥离术（endoscopic submucosal dissection，ESD），平均每次手术切取标本数为（3．4±1．0）块，标本平均直径为（11．8±2．7）mm，术中出血量为（5．45±1．47）mL。术后中位随访时间8．3个月，无一例出现出血、穿孔或食管狭窄。食管癌前病变和早期癌行食管内镜下切除术相比食管切除术在手术用时、出血量、住院时间和并发症方面差异均有统计学意义（P〈O．05）。结论：新型多环黏膜切除器行食管内镜下切除术具有简便、安全、有效的优势，值得进一步推广。内镜手术与食管切除术对早期食管癌（h之前）和高级别上皮内瘤变的远期治疗效果是否等同，还需要经过长期的临床随访。

关键词：食管内镜手术多环黏膜切除器食管肿瘤

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Effects of Reduced Glutathione to Centrifuged and Non-centrifuged Fresh Chilled Stallion Semen on Progressive Motility of Spermatozoa over 72 h

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2020年第5期10卷 257-264页

作者： james Robert Lyko Leigha Ann Maree Johnson Kevin halden Kline Department of Animal Sciences University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign1207 West Gregory DriveUrbanaIL 61801USA

The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation of an inexpensive stallion semen extender(Next Generation■ ***’s with Amikacin and K-Penn)with 1 mM of the antioxidant reduced glutathione(GSh)on the progressive motility of cooled stallion semen over a period of 72 *** centrifuged and non-centrifuged semen samples were evaluated from six Standardbred stallions collected three times each,with one week between collections for each *** centrifuged samples,non-cushioned centrifugation was done at 750 g for 10 *** semen samples were extended to a final concentration of 50 million total cells per milliliter and stored in Equine Express II stallion semen shipping ***-centrifuged samples without GSh declined from an initial mean progressive motility of 70.3%at 0 h to 9.1%at 72 ***-centrifuged samples with added GSh declined from an initial mean progressive motility of 70.3%at 0 h to 7.1%at 72 *** samples without added GSh declined from an initial mean progressive motility of 70.3%at 0 h to 46.1%at 72 *** samples with added GSh declined from an initial mean progressive motility of 70.3%at 0 h to 40.3%at 72 *** results of this study did not find significant improvement in the progressive motility over time for spermatozoa prepared in a traditional skim-milk based extender with antibiotics as a result of addition of GSh to either centrifuged or non-centrifuged *** findings suggest that centrifugation of fresh chilled extended stallion semen may be a good idea for any semen that may be used at time points greater than 24 h after collection.

关键词： Antioxidant reduced glutathione Standardbred stallion cooling spermatozoa

通过菟丝子成功地将黄龙病病原从柑桔传到长春花

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福建省农科院学报 1986年第1期 11-16页

作者：柯穗李开本柯冲蔡希灼福建农业科学院美国佛罗里达大学

黄龙病(黄梢病)是我国南方柑桔生产上的一种危险性病害。在证明本病的病原可能是一种原核微生物(称为类立克次体或类细菌)及其传播媒介是柑桔木虱之后,我们积极进行本病原的草本寄主的研究。1981年以来,以木虱传染的柑桔病苗为毒源植物... 详细信息

黄龙病(黄梢病)是我国南方柑桔生产上的一种危险性病害。在证明本病的病原可能是一种原核微生物(称为类立克次体或类细菌)及其传播媒介是柑桔木虱之后,我们积极进行本病原的草本寄主的研究。1981年以来,以木虱传染的柑桔病苗为毒源植物,以柑桔木虱和两种菟丝子(草地菟丝子和日本菟丝子)为传染媒介,进行八种草本植物的传染试验。试验结果证明,只有草地菟丝子才能成功地将黄龙病病原从柑桔传到草本植物长春花上,引起叶片局部黄化乃至叶片完全黄化和新生叶片变小的典型病状,其潜育期为3～6月。长春花病株叶脉的超薄切片在电子显微镜下观察的结果,证明在其筛管细胞中存在黄龙病的病原,其菌体的形态、大小和其壁膜结构和厚度均与柑桔病苗上所见的相同;但其数量远比柑桔病苗上的多。这说明长春花是黄龙病病原大量增殖的适宜草本寄主,可能是进一步研究的良好材料。而柑桔木虱和日本菟丝子都不能将黄龙病病原从柑桔传到草本寄主上。

关键词：柑桔木虱水果黄龙病枝原体病长春花菟丝子寄生植物