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Per-oral endoscopic myotomy for achalasia: An American perspective

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2013年第9期5卷 420-427页

作者： David Friedel Rani Modayil Shahzad Iqbal james h grendell Stavros N Stavropoulos Department of Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Winthrop University Hospital

Achalasia is an uncommon esophageal motility disorder characterized by the selective loss of enteric neurons leading to absence of peristalsis and impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal ***-oral endoscopic myotomy(POEM) is a novel modality for the treatment of achalasia performed by gastroenterologists and *** represents a natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery(NOTES) approach to heller *** has the minimal invasiveness of an endoscopic procedure that can duplicate results of the surgical heller *** is conceptually similar to a surgical myotomy without the inherent external incisions and post-operative care associated with *** high success and low complications rates promise a great future for this *** fact,POEM has been successfully performed on patients with end-stage achalasia as an initial treatment reserving esophagectomy for those without good *** volume of POEMs performed worldwide has grown *** fact,surgeons who have performed heller myotomy have embraced POEM as the preferred intervention for ***,the niche of POEM remains to be defined and long term results are *** describe our experience with POEM having performed the first POEM outside of Japan in 2009,the evolution of our technique,and give our perspective on its future.

关键词： Per-oral endoscopic myotomy Achalasia heller myotomy Natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery Per-oral endoscopic myotomy Minimally invasive surgery

Endoscopist's approach to nutrition in the patient with pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2012年第12期4卷 526-531页

作者： Shahzad Iqbal Jay P Babich james h grendell David M Friedel Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyWinthrop University Hospital

Nutritional therapy has an important role in the management of patient with severe acute *** article reviews the endoscopist's approach to manage nutrition in such *** feeding has been clearly validated as the preferred route of feeding,and should be started early on *** nutrition should be reserved for patients with contraindications to enteral feeding such as small bowel ***,nasogastric feeding is safe and as effective as nasojejunal *** a prolonged course of enteral feeding(>30d) is required,endoscopic placement of feeding gastrostomy or jejunostomy tubes should be considered.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Nutrition Enteral nutrition Total parenteral nutrition Nasoenteric tube feedings Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy Percutaneous endoscopic gastro-jejunostomy Direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy

The Rising Burden of hepatocellular Carcinoma: Is the Gender Gap Narrowing?

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Journal of Clinical and Translational hepatology 2024年第9期12卷 763-764页

作者： james K.h.ho Prem h.Thurairajah Daniel Q.huang Kristie h.Fan Division of Gastroenterology and hepatology National University HospitalNational University Health SystemSingaporeSingapore

Dear Editors,The landscape of hepatocellular carcinoma(hCC)is continuously *** global trends indicate a significant shift in the epidemiology of hCC from viral-related to non-viral-related ***-associated fatty liver disease has emerged as the fastest-growing contributor to hCC in recent years,due to the increased prevalence of obesity and metabolic risk factors.

关键词： Carcinoma epidemiology obesity

Analysis of the Oscillatory Flows of Multiple Shock Waves in a Constant Area Duct

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第3期33卷 794-806页

作者： K james Jintu KIM heuy Dong Department of Mechanical Engineering Andong National UniversityAndong36729Republic of Korea CAD-IT Korea Co. Ltd.Seoul08591Republic of Korea

The oscillatory response of multiple shock waves to downstream perturbations in a supersonic flow is studied numerically in a rectangular *** shock waves are formed inside the duct at a shock Mach number of *** duct has an exit height of h,and the effect of duct resonance on multiple shock oscillations is investigated by attaching exit ducts of lengths 0h,50h,and *** downstream disturbance frequency varied from 10 hz to 200 hz to explore the oscillation characteristics of the multiple shock *** oscillatory response of shock waves under self-excited and forced oscillation conditions are analyzed in terms of wall static pressure,shock train leading-edge location,shock train length,and the size of the separation *** extent of the initial shock location increases with an increase in exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** analysis of the shock train leading edge and the spectral analysis of wall static pressure variations are *** variation in the shock train length is analyzed using the pressure ratio method for self-excited as well as forced *** RMS amplitude of the normalized shock train length(ζ_(ST))increases with an increase in the exit duct length for the self-excited oscillation *** the downstream perturbation frequency is increased,ζ_(ST)is decreased for exit duct *** all exit duct designs and downstream forcing frequencies,the size of the separation bubble grows and shrinks during the shock oscillations,demonstrating the dependence on duct resonance and forced oscillations.

关键词： shock train downstream disturbance supersonic flow shock wave boundary layer interaction duct resonance flow separation

Reducing strain on primary healthcare systems through innovative models of care:the impact of direct access physiotherapy for musculoskeletal conditions—an interrupted time series analysis

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Family Medicine and Community health 2024年第3期12卷 1-12页

作者： james henry Zouch Bjørnar Berg Are hugo Pripp Kjersti Storheim Claire E Ashton-james Manuela L Ferreira Margreth Grotle Paulo h Ferreira Sydney Musculoskeletal health Faculty of Medicine and HealthThe University of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia Centre for Intelligent Musculoskeletal health Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of health Sciences OsloNorway Oslo Centre of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Department of Rehabilitation Science and health Technology Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Department of Research and Innovation Oslo University Hospital Division of Clinical NeuroscienceOsloNorway Sydney Medical School Kolling InstituteThe University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia The George Institute for Global health SydneyNew South WalesAustralia Department of Research and Innovation Oslo University HospitalOsloNorway Department of Rehabilitation and Technology Oslo Metropolitan University Faculty of Health SciencesOsloNorway Charles Perkins Centre Sydney Musculoskeletal HealthThe University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and HealthSydneyNew South WalesAustralia

Objectives To evaluate the longitudinal impact of introducing a national,direct access physiotherapy model of care on the rates of primary and secondary care consultations for musculoskeletal(MSK)*** Interrupted time series analysis using segmented linear *** Norway primary care Participants A cohort of 82072 participants was derived from 3 population-based health surveys conducted across separate geographical regions in *** participants surveyed were eligible for inclusion as a national representative sample of the Norwegian *** MSK consultations were linked to the Norwegian Control and Payment of health Reimbursement database and the Norwegian Patient Register using the International Classification of Primary Care diagnostic medical codes L-chapter for MSK conditions and spine related International Classification of Diseases,10th Revision,*** Direct access to physiotherapy model of care introduced nationally in Norway in *** model allowed Norwegians to consult directly with qualified physiotherapists for MSK conditions(eg,back pain,knee osteoarthritis)without the need for a medical referral in order to claim a social security *** outcomes measured Rates of primary care consultations per 10000 population(general practitioner(GP)and physiotherapist consultations)and secondary care(specialist consultations and surgical procedures)measured from 2014 to *** The introduction of the direct access physiotherapy model was associated with an immediate stepped reduction of 391 general practice consultations per 10000 population,(95%CI:−564 to−216),without an associated change in physiotherapy *** analyses suggested there was an associated reduction in physiotherapy consultations for those in the lowest education group of 150 consultations per quarter(95%CI:−203 to−97),70 consultations per quarter in the intermediate education group(95%CI:−115 to−27)and a step

关键词： impact analysis strain

New Opportunities for Neutrons in Environmental and Biological Sciences

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第7期18卷 179-186页

作者： Alexander Johs Shuo Qian Leighton Coates Brian h.Davison james G.Elkins Xin Gu Jennifer Morrell-Falvey hugh O'Neill Jeffrey M.Warren Eric M.Pierce Kenneth herwig Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak RidgeTN37831USA

The use of neutron methods in environmental and biological sciences is rapidly emerging and accelerating with the development of new instruments at neutron user *** article,based on a workshop held at Oak Ridge National Laboratory(ORNL),offers insights into the application of neutron techniques in environmental and biological *** highlight recent advances and identify key challenges and potential future research *** include soil and rhizosphere processes,root water dynamics,plant-microbe interactions,structure and dynamics of biological systems,applications in synthetic biology and enzyme engineering,next-generation bioproducts,biomaterials and bioenergy,nanoscale structure,and fluid dynamics of porous materials in *** provide an outlook on emerging opportunities with an emphasis on new capabilities that will be enabled at the Spallation Neutron Source Second Target Station currently under design at *** mission of scientific neutron user facilities worldwide is to enable science using state-of-the-art neutron *** aim to encourage researchers in the environmental and biological research community to explore the unique capability afforded by neutrons at these facilities.

关键词： Neutrons Environment Biology Neutron imaging Neutron scattering Second Target Station(STS)

Synthesis of carbon nitride in potassium hydroxide molten salt for efficient uranium extraction from radioactive wastewater

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 89-99页

作者： Shuang Liu Junhan Luo Daniel-james Maguire Liyuan Zheng Zhe Wang Yuexiang Lu Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Nuclear Research Institute for Future Technology and Policy Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Department of Earth Sciences University of CambridgeCambridge CB23EQUK The MOE Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental System Optimization College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Photocatalysis-assisted removal of uranium has been proven as an effective method for the elimination of radioactive pollution from *** this work,carbon nitride materials were synthesized in potassium hydroxide(KOh)molten salt and applied to photocatalytic uranyl *** materials were confirmed to possess the triazine-s-heptazine structure by NMR,XPS and UV-Vis characterization,and exhibited a wider visible light absorption than graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4)).The photocatalytic activity of the carbon nitride materials was tailored by varying the precursor mass *** carbon nitride obtained at 80%melamine as precursor(K-CN-80)exhibited the highest photocatalytic extraction ability and its photocatalytic reaction rate is 6.6 times faster than that of g-C_(3)N_(4).The influence of sacrificial agents was studied and the results showed that triethanolamine inhibited U(Ⅵ)photoreduction,but methanol can accelerate U(Ⅵ)photoreduction by consuming photogenerated *** unary KOh molten salt synthesis method has exceptional potential applications in the preparation of carbon nitrides,and the obtained products showed potential in extracting U(Ⅵ)from aqueous solutions for use in nuclear fuel industry and for U(Ⅵ)environmental pollution cleanup.

关键词： Uranium Carbon nitride Molten salt Photocatalysis Radioactive wastewater

Facilitated Prediction of Micropollutant Degradation via UV-AOPs in Various Waters by Combining Model Simulation and Portable Measurement

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 87-95页

作者： Yanyan huang Mengkai Li Zhe Sun Wentao Li james R.Bolton Zhimin Qiang Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

The degradation of micropollutants in water via ultraviolet(UV)-based advanced oxidation processes(AOPs)is strongly dependent on the water *** reactive radicals(RRs)formed in UV-AOPs have different reaction selectivities toward water matrices and degradation efficiencies for target ***,process selection and optimization are *** study developed a facilitated prediction method for the photon fluence-based rate constant for micropollutant degradation(K′_(p,MP))in various UV-AOPs by combining model simulation with portable *** methods for measuring the scavenging capacities of the principal RRs(RRSCs)involved in UV-AOPs(i.e.,hO^(·),SO_(4)^(·-),and Cl^(·))using a mini-fluidic photoreaction system were *** simulation models consisted of photochemical,quantitative structure–activity relationship,and radical concentration steady-state approximation *** RRSCs were determined in eight test waters,and a higher RRSC was found to be associated with a more complex water ***,by taking sulfamethazine,caffeine,and carbamazepine as model micropollutants,the k′_(p,MP) values in various UV-AOPs were predicted and further verified experimentally.A lower k′_(p,MP) was found to be associated with a higher RRSC for a stronger RR competition;for example,k′_(p,MP) values of 130.9 and 332.5 m^(2) einstein^(–1),respectively,were obtained for carbamazepine degradation by UV/h_(2)O_(2) in the raw water(RRSC=9.47×10^(4) s^(-1))and sand-filtered effluent(RRSC=2.87×10^(4) s^(-1))of a drinking water treatment *** developed method facilitates process selection and optimization for UV-AOPs,which is essential for increasing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of water treatment.

关键词： UV-AOPs Micropollutant degradation Reactive radicals Water matrix Model simulation

Evaluating reservoir suitability for large-scale hydrogen storage:A preliminary assessment considering reservoir properties

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Energy Geoscience 2024年第4期5卷 198-211页

作者： Chinedu J.Okere james J.Sheng Chinedu Ejike Bob L.herd Department of Petroleum Engineering Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTX79409United States Mewbourne School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering University of OklahomaOK73019United States

With rising demand for clean energy,global focus turns to finding ideal sites for large-scale underground hydrogen storage(UhS)in depleted petroleum reservoirs.A thorough preliminary reservoir evaluation before hydrogen(h_(2))injection is crucial for UhS success and *** criteria for UhS often emphasize economics and chemistry,neglecting key reservoir *** study introduces a comprehensive framework for the reservoir-scale preliminary assessment,specifically tailored for long-term h_(2) storage within depleted gas *** evaluation criteria encompass critical components,including reservoir geometry,petrophysical properties,tectonics,and formation *** illustrate the practical application of this approach,we assess the Barnett shale play reservoir *** assessment unfolds through three key stages:(1)A systematic evaluation of the reservoir's properties against our comprehensive screening criteria determines its suitability for h_(2) storage.(2)Using both homogeneous and multilayered gas reservoir models,we explore the feasibility and efficiency of h_(2) *** phase involves an in-depth examination of reservoir behavior during the injection stage.(3)To enhance understanding of UhS performance,sensitivity analyses investigate the impact of varying reservoir dimensions and injection/production *** findings reveal the following:(a)Despite potential challenges associated with reservoir compaction and aquifer support,the reservoir exhibits substantial promise as an h_(2) storage site.(b)Notably,a pronounced increase in reservoir pressure manifests during the injection stage,particularly in homogeneous reservoirs.(c)Furthermore,optimizing injection-extraction cycle efficiency can be achieved by augmenting reservoir dimensions while maintaining a consistent *** ensure a smooth transition to implementation,further comprehensive investigations are advised,including experimental and numerical studies to address

关键词： Site selection Underground hydrogen storage Preliminary evaluation Depleted petroleum reservoirs Reservoir assessment