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Tissue-specific Tregs in cancer metastasis:opportunities for precision immunotherapy

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cellular & Molecular Immunology 2022年第1期19卷 33-45页

作者： Laura A.Huppert Michael D.Green Luke Kim christine chow Yan Leyfman Adil I.Daud james c.lee Division of Hematology/Oncology Department of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoSan FranciscoCAUSA Department of Radiation Oncology University of Michigan School of MedicineAnn ArborMIUSA Veterans Affairs Ann Arbor Healthcare System Ann ArborMIUSA University of california San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCAUSA Penn State college of Medicine HersheyPAUSA Parker Institute for cancer Immunotherapy San FranciscoCAUSA

Decades of advancements in immuno-oncology have enabled the development of current immunotherapies,which provide longterm treatment responses in certain metastatic cancer ***,cures remain infrequent,and most patients ultimately succumb to treatment-refractory metastatic *** insights suggest that tumors at certain organ sites exhibit distinctive response patterns to immunotherapy and can even reduce antitumor immunity within anatomically distant tumors,suggesting the activation of tissue-specific immune tolerogenic mechanisms in some cases of therapy *** immune cells known as regulatory T cells(Tregs)are present within all tissues in the body and coordinate the suppression of excessive immune activation to curb autoimmunity and maintain immune *** the high volume of research on Tregs,the findings have failed to reconcile tissue-specific Treg functions in organs,such as tolerance,tissue repair,and regeneration,with their suppression of local and systemic tumor immunity in the context of immunotherapy *** improve the understanding of how the tissue-specific functions of Tregs impact cancer immunotherapy,we review the specialized role of Tregs in clinically common and challenging organ sites of cancer metastasis,highlight research that describes Treg impacts on tissue-specific and systemic immune regulation in the context of immunotherapy,and summarize ongoing work reporting clinically feasible strategies that combine the specific targeting of Tregs with systemic cancer *** knowledge of Tregs in the framework of their tissue-specific biology and clinical sites of organ metastasis will enable more precise targeting of immunotherapy and have profound implications for treating patients with metastatic cancer.

关键词： Tissue Tregs Immunotherapy Organ-specific tolerance Metastasis cancer

circulation Pattern controls of Summer Temperature Anomalies in Southern Africa

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 341-354页

作者： chibuike chiedozie IBEBUcHI cameron c.lee Department of Geography Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA climRISE Lab Kent State UniversityKentOhio 44242USA

This study investigates the relationship between circulation patterns and austral summer temperature anomalies in southern Africa. The results show that the formation of continental lows tends to increase the thickness of the lower atmosphere. Further, the distinct variabilities of high and low pressure under the circulation types, influence air mass advection from the adjacent oceans, as well as atmospheric stability over land. Stronger anticyclonic circulation at the western branch of the Mascarene high-pressure system enhances the low-level cold air advection by southeast winds,decreases the thickness, and lowers the temperature over a majority of the land in southern Africa. conversely, a weaker Mascarene High, coupled with enhanced cyclonic activity in the southwest Indian Ocean increases low-level warm air advection and increases temperature anomalies over vast regions in southern Africa. The ridging of a closed South Atlantic anticyclone at the southern coast of southern Africa results in colder temperatures near the tip of southern Africa due to enhanced low-level cold air advection by southeast winds. However, when the ridge is weak and westerly winds dominate the southern coast of southern Africa, these areas experience temperature increases. The northward track of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude cyclone, which can be linked to the negative Southern Annular Mode, reduces the temperature in the southwestern part of southern Africa. Also, during the analysis period, El Ni?o was associated with temperature increases over the central parts of southern Africa;while the positive Indian Ocean dipole was linked to a temperature increase over the northeastern, northwestern, and southwestern parts of southern Africa.

关键词： temperature circulation types Subtropical Indian Ocean dipole Southern Annular Mode El Ni?o Indian Ocean dipole Mascarene High South Atlantic anticyclone

Mathematical modeling and simulations of stress mitigation by coating polycrystalline particles in lithium-ion batteries

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第6期45卷 947-962页

作者： N.IQBAL J.cHOI S.F.SHAH c.lee S.lee Department of Mechanical Roboticsand Energy EngineeringDongguk University-SeoulSeoul 04620Republic of Korea

A chemo-mechanical model is developed to investigate the effects on the stress development of the coating of polycrystalline Ni-rich LiNixMnyco_(z)O_(2)(x≥0.8)(NMc)particles with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT).The simulation results show that the coating of primary NMc particles significantly reduces the stress generation by efficiently accommodating the volume change associated with the lithium diffusion,and the coating layer plays roles both as a cushion against the volume change and a channel for the lithium transport,promoting the lithium distribution across the secondary particles more ***,the lower stiffness,higher ionic conductivity,and larger thickness of the coating layer improve the stress *** paper provides a mathematical framework for calculating the chemo-mechanical responses of anisotropic electrode materials and fundamental insights into how the coating of NMc active particles mitigates stress levels.

关键词： lithium-ion battery(LIB) polycrystalline particle coating finite element simulation Ni-rich LiNixMnyco_(z)O_(2)(x>0.8)(NMc)

comparing four machine learning algorithms for household non-intrusive load monitoring

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Energy and AI 2024年第3期17卷 206-219页

作者： Thomas lee Young james Gopsill Maria Valero Sindre Eikevåg Ben Hicks University of Bristol UK

The combination of Machine Learning (ML), smart energy meters, and availability of household appliance energy profile data has opened new opportunities for Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM). However, the number of options makes it challenging in selecting optimal combinations for different energy applications, which requires studies to examine their *** paper contributes one such study that investigated four established ML approaches – K Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and convolutional Neural Network (cNN) – and their performance in classifying appliance events from Alternating current (Ac) and Root Mean Square (RMS) energy data where the sampling frequency and training dataset set size was varied (10 Hz–1 kHz and 50–2000 examples per class, respectively). The computational expense during training, testing and storage was also assessed and evaluated with reference to real-world *** cNN classifier trained on Ac data at 500 Hz and 11,000 examples gave the best F1-score (0.989) followed by the KNN classifier (0.940). The storage size required by the cNN models was 3̃MB, which is very close to fitting on cost-effective embedded system microcontrollers. This would prevent high-rate data needing to be sent to the cloud as analysis could be performed on edge computing Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices.

关键词： NILM ML Edge computing Signal processing Smart meters

Exposure of juvenile chinook salmon to effluent from a large urban wastewater treatment *** *** responses

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 355-366页

作者： Suzanne c.Ball james P.Meador c.Andrew james Jenifer K.McIntyre Washington State University School of the EnvironmentPuyallup Research and Extension Center2606 W Pioneer AvePuyallupWA98371USA Dept.of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public Health4225 Roosevelt Way NESuite 100SeattleWA98105-6099USA University of Washington Tacoma Center for Urban Waters326 East D StreetTacomaWA98421-1801USA

Wastewater treatment plants release complex mixtures of chemicals into the aquatic environment as wastewater effluent(WWE);however,the effects of these mixtures are still poorly *** salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)are a culturally important species in the Pacific Northwest and are a vital food resource for southern resident killer whales(Orcinus orca)that are listed as‘critically endangered’under the *** Species Act(ESA).chinook populations have declined drastically in this region and have failed to show significant recovery despite regional-to-federal efforts,resulting in many populations being listed as threatened under the *** source of stress to juvenile chinook is chemical pollution from WWE during their outmigration along river corridors and residency in *** this study,we investigated effects of WWE on juvenile chinook health in a ten-day exposure to dilutions of WWE from 0.1%to 20%.At the end of the exposure,we measured endpoints associated with endocrine disruption,brain function,osmoregulation,stress,and *** to WWE significantly(α=0.1 for all analyses)induced vitellogenesis,indicating endocrine system *** saw significant reductions in plasma glucose,an indication of stress,and brain Na+/K+-ATPase(NKA)activity,an enzyme essential for neuronal ***,metabolism was affected as evidenced by altered total protein,cholesterol,and albumin in plasma,a drastic decrease in whole body lipid content,and a significant increase in visible liver *** compared contaminant concentrations in exposure water with effects concentrations from the literature for chemicals known to induce vitellogenin or inhibit brain *** most contaminants,concentrations in exposure waters were several orders of magnitude below effects concentrations in the *** exception was estrogenic hormones,which were detected at similar concentrations in this study compared to concentrations in other studies tha

关键词： Wastewater effluent chinook salmon Toxicity Sodium potassium ATPase Vitellogenin Physiology Metabolism Glucose

Exposure of juvenile chinook salmon to effluent from a large urban wastewater treatment *** *** profiling

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 367-377页

作者： james P.Meador Suzanne c.Ball c.Andrew james Jenifer K.McIntyre Dept.of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences School of Public Health4225 Roosevelt Way NESuite 100SeattleWA98105-6099USA Washington State University School of the EnvironmentPuyallup Research and Extension Center2606 W Pioneer AvePuyallupWA98371USA University of Washington Tacoma Center for Urban Waters326 East D StreetTacomaWA98421-1801USA

Targeted metabolomic analysis was conducted on juvenile chinook salmon exposed for 10 days to wastewater effluent(WWE)from a large urban treatment *** included five dilutions of WWE(20%,5.3%,1.4%,0.4%,and 0.1%)and a control with 7 replicates per *** was extracted from fish and analyzed via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry(Lc-MS)for 361 endogenous metabolites,of which 185 were ***-versus-treatment comparisons identified several metabolites that were associated with altered biochemical pathways observed for all treatments,including several that are important for energy generation and *** altered pathways are crucial for fish health and may be an early indicator of potential adverse effects on growth,reproduction,behavior,and immune *** ocean-type chinook salmon spend several days to weeks in the nearshore estuary where they may encounter high concentrations of WWE *** are exposed to a wide range of potent pharmaceuticals,personal care products,and industrial compounds from WWE that have the potential to affect physiological homeostasis and disrupt their normal life cycle.

关键词： Wastewater effluent Metabolomics Physiology chinook salmon Pharmaceuticals Metabolic pathways Estuary

A Review on Soft Ionic Touch Point Sensors

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Energy & Environmental Materials 2024年第6期7卷 193-208页

作者： Gibeom lee Donghyun lee Gwang-Bum Im Younghoon lee Department of Mechanical Engineering Gachon University1342 SeongnamdaeroSujeong-guSeongnam 13120South Korea Department of Surgery Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusetts 02115USA

A touch sensor is an essential component in meeting the growing demand for human-machine *** sensors have been developed in wearable,attachable,and even implantable forms to acquire a wide range of information from *** be applied to the human body,sensors are required to be biocompatible and not restrict the natural movement of the *** materials are a promising candidate for soft touch sensors due to their outstanding properties,which include high stretchability,transparency,ionic conductivity,and ***,this review discusses the unique features of soft ionic touch point sensors,focusing on the ionic material and its key role in the *** touch sensing mechanisms include piezocapacitive,piezoresistive,surface capacitive,piezoelectric,and triboelectric and triboresistive *** review analyzes the implementation hurdles and future research directions of the soft ionic touch sensors for their transformative potential.

关键词： iontronics ionic materials soft materials touch sensors

Summarizing the evidence for robotic-assisted bladder neck reconstruction: Systematic review of patency and incontinence outcomes

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Asian Journal of Urology 2024年第3期11卷 341-347页

作者： Tenny R.Zhang Ashley Alford lee c.Zhao Department of Urology NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Department of Urology NYU Langone Medical CenterNew YorkNYUSA

Objective:Bladder neck contracture and vesicourethral anastomotic stenosis are difficult to manage endoscopically,and open repair is associated with high rates of *** recent years,there have been increasing reports of robotic-assisted bladder neck reconstruction in the ***,existing studies are small,heterogeneous case *** objective of this study was to perform a systematic review of robotic-assisted bladder neck reconstruction to better evaluate patency and incontinence ***:We performed a systematic review of PubMed from first available date to May 2023 for all studies evaluating robotic-assisted reconstructive surgery of the bladder neck in adult *** in non-English,author replies,editorials,pediatric-based studies,and reviews were *** of interest were patency and incontinence rates,which were pooled when ***:After identifying 158 articles on initial search,we included only ten studies that fit all aforementioned criteria for robotic-assisted bladder neck *** were case series published from March 2018 to March 2022 ranging from six to 32 men,with the median follow-up of 5e23 months.A total of 119 patients were included in our analysis.A variety of etiologies and surgical techniques were *** rates ranged from 50%to 100%,and pooled patency was 80%(95/119).De novo incontinence rates ranged from 0%to 33%,and pooled incontinence was 17%(8/47).Our findings were limited by small sample sizes,relatively short follow-ups,and heterogeneity between studies.

关键词： Bladder neck continence Incontinence Patency Posterior urethra Reconstructive surgery Robotic surgery Stenosis Stricture Surgical outcome

Generalized polynomial chaos expansion by reanalysis using static condensation based on substructuring

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第5期45卷 819-836页

作者： D.lee S.cHANG J.lee Department of Automotive Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Republic of Korea School of Mechanical Engineering Chungnam National UniversityDaejeon 34134Republic of Korea Department of Mechanical Robotics and Energy EngineeringDongguk UniversitySeoul 04620Republic of Korea

This paper presents a new computational method for forward uncertainty quantification(UQ)analyses on large-scale structural systems in the presence of arbitrary and dependent random *** method consists of a generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPcE)for statistical moment and reliability analyses associated with the stochastic output and a static reanalysis method to generate the input-output data *** the reanalysis,we employ substructuring for a structure to isolate its local regions that vary due to random *** allows for avoiding repeated computations of invariant substructures while generating the input-output data *** substructuring with static condensation further improves the computational efficiency of the reanalysis without losing ***,the GPcE with the static reanalysis method can achieve significant computational saving,thus mitigating the curse of dimensionality to some degree for UQ under high-dimensional *** numerical results obtained from a simple structure indicate that the proposed method for UQ produces accurate solutions more efficiently than the GPcE using full finite element analyses(FEAs).We also demonstrate the efficiency and scalability of the proposed method by executing UQ for a large-scale wing-box structure under ten-dimensional(all-dependent)random inputs.

关键词： forward uncertainty quantification(UQ) generalized polynomial chaos expansion(GPcE) static reanalysis method static condensation substructuring