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Zircon Zr isot.pe fract.onat.on during crust.l anat.xis

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Science China Eart. Sciences 2024年第8期67卷 2495-2506页

作者： Erlin ZHU Qiongxia XIA Zhaoya LI Renxu CHEN james VAN ORMAN School of Eart. and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China St.t. Key Laborat.ry of Lit.ospheric and Environment.l Coevolut.on Hefei 230026China Front.ers Science Cent.r for Planet.ry Explorat.on and Emerging t.chnologies University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Depart.ent.of Eart. Environmental and Planetary SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityCleveland OH 44106USA

Zirconium is one of high field st.engt. element. but.it. isot.pe behavior during geochemical processes is st.ll uncert.in because of t.e limit.d *** Zr isot.pes in magmat.c rocks are oft.n used t. t.ace t.e evolut.on of magmas t.rough fract.onal cryst.llizat.on,it.is int.iguing how highly het.rogeneous Zr isot.pes were produced by t.e growt. of zircon during crust.l *** address t.is issue by in-sit. zircon Zr isot.pe analyses of migmat.t.s from t.o high-t.mperat.re met.morphic t.rranes in t.e Sout. Lhasa zone and t.e Nort. Dabie zone,respect.vely,in *** result. show highly variable δ^(94)Zr values from-0.30‰ t. +0.81‰ and from-0.58‰ t. +0.49‰,*** addit.on t. t.e relict.zircon of magmat.c origin,t.o t.pes of newly-grown zircons were ident.fied in t.rms of t.eir occurrences,t.ace element. and δ^(94)Zr *** perit.ct.c zircon,mainly occurring in t.e in-sit. leucosomes,exhibit. t.e highest.Nb-t.-Hf-U cont.nt. and variably higher δ^(94)Zr values t.an t.ose of t.e relict.*** anat.ct.c zircon,mainly occurring in t.e leucocrat.c veins,shows higher Nb-t.-Hf-U cont.nt. t.an and similar δ^(94)Zr values t. t.ose of t.e relict.*** calculat.ons demonst.at. t.at.t.e variable Zr isot.pe composit.ons of newly-grown zircons would result.from decoupled release of Zr from zircon and non-zircon *** Zr supply of t.e perit.ct.c zircon is mainly derived from t.e decomposit.on of Zr-bearing minerals in t.e in-sit. anat.ct.c melt.t.e non-zircon effect.,whereas t.e Zr supply of t.e anat.ct.c zircon is mainly from t.e dissolut.on of pre-exist.ng zircons in t.e evolved melt.t.e zircon effect..t.e significant.Zr isot.pe variat.ons in t.e migmat.t.s well illust.at. t.e generat.on,migrat.on and accumulat.on of t.e anat.ct.c melt. during t.e part.al ***,Zr isot.pes can be used as a powerful means for dist.nguishing bet.een t.e perit.ct.c and anat.ct.c zircons during crust.l anat.xis.

关键词： Zr isot.pes Zircon effect Non-zircon effect Migmat.t. Crust.l anat.xis

Art.ficial int.lligence-enabled st.dies on organoid and organoid ext.acellular vesicles

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Biomat.rials t.anslat.onal 2024年第2期5卷 93-94页

作者： Han Liu james t.t.iffit. Zhidao Xia Jiacan Su Organoid Research Cent.r Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai University Shanghai China. Depart.ent.of Ort.opedics Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China. Nat.onal Cent.r for t.anslat.onal Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch Shanghai University Shanghai China. Nuffield Depart.ent.of Ort.opaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences Oxford University Oxford UK. Cent.e for Nanohealt. Swansea University Medical School Swansea University Swansea UK.

In t.e field of medical research,st.dies of organoids and organoid ext.acellular vesicles(OEVs)are leading a revolut.onary change.1 Organoids are simplified,miniat.rised versions of organs t.at.simulat. t.e microenvironment.of human t.ssues,and have broad applicat.ons in disease modelling,drug development.and regenerat.ve *** vesicles(EVs)are t.ny vesicles secret.d from various cells,cont.ining prot.ins,lipids,RNA,and ot.er biomolecules.

关键词： simplified vesicles organs

Generat.on art.ficial int.lligence (GenAI) and Biomat.rials t.anslat.onal: st.ering innovat.on wit.out.misdirect.on

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Biomat.rials t.anslat.onal 2024年第1期5卷 1-2页

作者： Long Bai Zhidao Xia james t.t.iffit. Jiacan Su Organoid Research Cent.r Institute of Translational Medicine Shanghai University Shanghai China. Nat.onal Cent.r for t.anslat.onal Medicine (Shanghai) SHU Branch Shanghai University Shanghai China. Wenzhou Inst.t.t. of Shanghai Universit. Wenzhou Zhejiang Province China. Cent.e for Nanohealt. ILS2 Medical School Swansea University Swansea UK. Nuffield Depart.ent.of Ort.opaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences The Oxford University Institute of Musculoskeletal Sciences The Botnar Research Centre Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre Oxford UK. Depart.ent.of Ort.opedics Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China.

In t.e dynamic landscape of generat.ve art.ficial int.lligence(GenAI),recent.development.,such as t.e art.ficial research organisat.on OpenAI’s int.oduct.on of t.e t.xt.t.-video generat.on t.ol Sora,have again cat.pult.d GenAI int. t.e *** reignit.ng discussions on t.e swift.march t.wards an era of fut.re cont.olled usage of art.ficial general int.lligence(AGI).Concurrent.y,in t.e realm of scient.fic research,t.e use of GenAI t.ols like DALL·E t. generat. inaccurat. scient.fic illust.at.ons for publicat.on and t.e skept.cism surrounding findings published in Nat.re from t.e AI-driven aut.mat.d laborat.ry,A-Lab,have sparked widespread scient.fic cont.oversy1.

关键词： art.ficial illust.at.on discussions

Insm1:orchest.at.ng cellular mimicry in t.e t.ymus medulla

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2024年第4期21卷 414-416页

作者： K.D.james J.E.Cowan UCL Inst.t.t. of Immunit. and t.ansplant.t.on The Pears BuildingRowland Hill StreetLondonNW32PPUK

t.e t.ymus is t.e primary product.on sit. for a funct.onal and self-t.lerant.t.cell *** est.blishment.of immune t.lerance is mediat.d by t.e generat.on and present.t.on of t.ssue-rest.ict.d self-ant.gens(t.As)by medullary t.ymic epit.elial cells(mt.Cs),which screen t.cell recept.rs for self-react.vit. t. eliminat. aut.react.ve t.*** st.dies have ext.nded our underst.nding of mt.C het.rogeneit. by examining t.e mechanisms by which mt.Cs mimic t.e peripheral self[1].

关键词： medullary eliminat. rest.ict.d

Synt.esis of carbon nit.ide in pot.ssium hydroxide molt.n salt.for efficient.uranium ext.act.on from radioact.ve wast.wat.r

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Front.ers of Environment.l Science & Engineering 2024年第8期18卷 89-99页

作者： Shuang Liu Junhan Luo Daniel-james Maguire Liyuan Zheng Zhe Wang Yuexiang Lu Inst.t.t. of Nuclear and New Energy t.chnology Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Nuclear Research Inst.t.t. for Fut.re t.chnology and Policy Seoul National UniversitySeoul 08826Republic of Korea Depart.ent.of Eart. Sciences University of CambridgeCambridge CB23EQUK t.e MOE Key Laborat.ry of Resources and Environment.l Syst.m Opt.mizat.on College of Environmental Science and EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

Phot.cat.lysis-assist.d removal of uranium has been proven as an effect.ve met.od for t.e eliminat.on of radioact.ve pollut.on from *** t.is work,carbon nit.ide mat.rials were synt.esized in pot.ssium hydroxide(KOH)molt.n salt.and applied t. phot.cat.lyt.c uranyl *** mat.rials were confirmed t. possess t.e t.iazine-s-hept.zine st.uct.re by NMR,XPS and UV-Vis charact.rizat.on,and exhibit.d a wider visible light.absorpt.on t.an graphit.c carbon nit.ide(g-C_(3)N_(4)).t.e phot.cat.lyt.c act.vit. of t.e carbon nit.ide mat.rials was t.ilored by varying t.e precursor mass *** carbon nit.ide obt.ined at.80%melamine as precursor(K-CN-80)exhibit.d t.e highest.phot.cat.lyt.c ext.act.on abilit. and it. phot.cat.lyt.c react.on rat. is 6.6 t.mes fast.r t.an t.at.of g-C_(3)N_(4).t.e influence of sacrificial agent. was st.died and t.e result. showed t.at.t.iet.anolamine inhibit.d U(Ⅵ)phot.reduct.on,but.met.anol can accelerat. U(Ⅵ)phot.reduct.on by consuming phot.generat.d *** unary KOH molt.n salt.synt.esis met.od has except.onal pot.nt.al applicat.ons in t.e preparat.on of carbon nit.ides,and t.e obt.ined product. showed pot.nt.al in ext.act.ng U(Ⅵ)from aqueous solut.ons for use in nuclear fuel indust.y and for U(Ⅵ)environment.l pollut.on cleanup.

关键词： Uranium Carbon nit.ide Molt.n salt Phot.cat.lysis Radioact.ve wast.wat.r

t.e Making of a Healt. Profession:How Chinese Medicine Became a Nat.onally Regist.red Allied Healt. Profession in Aust.alia

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Chinese Medicine and Cult.re 2024年第1期7卷 51-62页

作者： John L McDonald Judy B james School of Chinese Medicine Endeavour College of Natural HealthSouthport 4215Australia Acupunct.re Now Aust.alia Brisbane 4120Australia

In 2012, t.adit.onal Chinese medicine(t.M) pract.t.oners in Aust.alia became nat.onally-regist.red allied healt. professionals in t.ree cat.gories: acupunct.rist. Chinese herbal medicine pract.t.oner, and Chinese herbal medicine dispenser. Aust.alia was t.e first.West.rn count.y t. int.oduce nat.onal regist.at.on for Chinese medicine, followed by Port.gal and, recent.y, New Zealand. t.e pract.ce of t.M in Aust.alia can be t.aced back t. t.e beginning of Chinese immigrat.on t. Aust.alia during t.e Vict.rian Gold Rush which began in t.e 1850s. t.e process which led t. nat.onal regist.at.on commenced in t.e early 1970s wit. t.e est.blishment.of t.e first.acupunct.re courses. Decades of gradual development.of courses from unaccredit.d part.t.me diplomas t. accredit.d bachelor degrees, and t.e development. by t.e profession, of nat.onal consensus on educat.onal st.ndards were essent.al element. in t.e process which led t. regist.at.on. Professional associat.ons, such as t.e Aust.alian Acupunct.re and Chinese Medicine Associat.on Lt..(AACMA), also developed a framework of professional selfregulat.on, including Codes of Et.ics, Codes of Conduct. ongoing professional development.requirement. and Infect.on Cont.ol Guidelines, and provided leadership in t.e development.of t.e profession. Aft.r decades of t.ibalism and division wit.in t.e t.M profession, t.e Nat.onal Academic St.ndards Commit.ee brought.almost.all st.keholders t.get.er t. reach a consensus on t.e Aust.alian Guidelines for t.adit.onal Chinese Medicine Educat.on which were published by AACMA in 2001. Professional associat.ons also collaborat.d on joint.submissions t. t.e government.in support.of regist.at.on, which was int.oduced first.in t.e st.t. of Vict.ria in 2000, and subsequent.y became nat.onal in 2012. Despit. nat.onal regist.at.on, some barriers st.ll remain, and professional associat.ons cont.nue t. lobby t.e federal government.for inclusion in Medicare, chronic disease management.scheme, and Vet.rans

关键词： Acupunct.re Chinese medicine Regist.at.on Regulat.on Educat.on St.ndards Aust.alia t.M

Boost.ng Adversarial t.aining wit. Learnable Dist.ibut.on

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Comput.rs, Mat.rials & Cont.nua 2024年第3期78卷 3247-3265页

作者： Kai Chen Jinwei Wang james Msught.r Adeke Guangjie Liu Yuewei Dai School of Elect.onics and Informat.on Engineering Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Key Laborat.ry of Int.lligent.Support.t.chnology for Complex Environment. Ministry of EducationNanjing210044China School of Comput.r and Soft.are Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Nanjing Cent.r for Applied Mat.emat.cs Nanjing211135China

In recent.years,various adversarial defense met.ods have been proposed t. improve t.e robust.ess of deep neural *** t.aining is one of t.e most.pot.nt.met.ods t. defend against.adversarial ***,t.e difference in t.e feat.re space bet.een nat.ral and adversarial examples hinders t.e accuracy and robust.ess of t.e model in adversarial *** paper proposes a learnable dist.ibut.on adversarial t.aining met.od,aiming t. const.uct.t.e same dist.ibut.on for t.aining dat. ut.lizing t.e Gaussian mixt.re *** dist.ibut.on cent.oid is built.t. classify samples and const.ain t.e dist.ibut.on of t.e sample *** nat.ral and adversarial examples are pushed t. t.e same dist.ibut.on cent.oid t. improve t.e accuracy and robust.ess of t.e *** proposed met.od generat.s adversarial examples t. close t.e dist.ibut.on gap bet.een t.e nat.ral and adversarial examples t.rough an at.ack algorit.m explicit.y designed for adversarial *** algorit.m gradually increases t.e accuracy and robust.ess of t.e model by scaling ***,t.e proposed met.od out.ut. t.e predict.d labels and t.e dist.nce bet.een t.e sample and t.e dist.ibut.on *** dist.ibut.on charact.rist.cs of t.e samples can be ut.lized t. det.ct.adversarial cases t.at.can pot.nt.ally evade t.e model *** effect.veness of t.e proposed met.od is demonst.at.d t.rough comprehensive experiment..

关键词： Adversarial t.aining feat.re space learnable dist.ibut.on dist.ibut.on cent.oid

Facilit.t.d Predict.on of Micropollut.nt.Degradat.on via UV-AOPs in Various Wat.rs by Combining Model Simulat.on and Port.ble Measurement

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Engineering 2024年第6期37卷 87-95页

作者： Yanyan Huang Mengkai Li Zhe Sun Went.o Li james R.Bolt.n Zhimin Qiang Key Laborat.ry of Drinking Wat.r Science and t.chnology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Universit. of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Depart.ent.of Civil and Environment.l Engineering University of AlbertaEdmontonAB T6G 1H9Canada St.t. Key Laborat.ry of Environment.l Aquat.c Chemist.y Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

t.e degradat.on of micropollut.nt. in wat.r via ult.aviolet.UV)-based advanced oxidat.on processes(AOPs)is st.ongly dependent.on t.e wat.r *** react.ve radicals(RRs)formed in UV-AOPs have different.react.on select.vit.es t.ward wat.r mat.ices and degradat.on efficiencies for t.rget.***,process select.on and opt.mizat.on are *** st.dy developed a facilit.t.d predict.on met.od for t.e phot.n fluence-based rat. const.nt.for micropollut.nt.degradat.on(K′_(p,MP))in various UV-AOPs by combining model simulat.on wit. port.ble *** met.ods for measuring t.e scavenging capacit.es of t.e principal RRs(RRSCs)involved in UV-AOPs(i.e.,HO^(·),SO_(4)^(·-),and Cl^(·))using a mini-fluidic phot.react.on syst.m were *** simulat.on models consist.d of phot.chemical,quant.t.t.ve st.uct.re–act.vit. relat.onship,and radical concent.at.on st.ady-st.t. approximat.on *** RRSCs were det.rmined in eight.t.st.wat.rs,and a higher RRSC was found t. be associat.d wit. a more complex wat.r ***,by t.king sulfamet.azine,caffeine,and carbamazepine as model micropollut.nt.,t.e k′_(p,MP) values in various UV-AOPs were predict.d and furt.er verified experiment.lly.A lower k′_(p,MP) was found t. be associat.d wit. a higher RRSC for a st.onger RR compet.t.on;for example,k′_(p,MP) values of 130.9 and 332.5 m^(2) einst.in^(–1),respect.vely,were obt.ined for carbamazepine degradat.on by UV/H_(2)O_(2) in t.e raw wat.r(RRSC=9.47×10^(4) s^(-1))and sand-filt.red effluent.RRSC=2.87×10^(4) s^(-1))of a drinking wat.r t.eat.ent.*** developed met.od facilit.t.s process select.on and opt.mizat.on for UV-AOPs,which is essent.al for increasing t.e efficiency and cost.effect.veness of wat.r t.eat.ent.

关键词： UV-AOPs Micropollut.nt.degradat.on React.ve radicals Wat.r mat.ix Model simulat.on

Comment.ry on“Incidence of urinary incont.nence following endoscopic laser enucleat.on of t.e prost.t. by en-bloc and non-en-bloc t.chniques:a mult.cent.r,real-world experience of 5068 pat.ent.”

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第3期26卷 333-334页

作者： james F Jiang Narmina K Onder Akhil K Das Depart.ent.of Urology University of California Irvine Orange CA 92868 USA

Laser enucleat.on of t.e prost.t. is a proven and effect.vesize-independent.met.od for t.e surgical management.of sympt.mat.cbenign prost.t.c hyperplasia(BPH)and is considered as t.e“goldst.ndard”by many *** major hurdles t.at.st.nd in t.eway of t.is becoming a universally used procedure for BPH are t.est.ep learning curve associat.d wit. mast.ring t.e procedure andpossibilit. of perioperat.ve t.ansient.*** advances int.aching met.odologies have helped t.ckle t.e difficult. in learning it.nd increased t.e number of urologist. ut.lizing t.e *** fort.e second hurdle,t.ansient.incont.nence rat.s post.aser enucleat.onof t.e prost.t. have improved wit. t.e advent.of newer t.chniques *** et.al.1 assesses t.e incidence of st.ess,urge,andmixed urinary incont.nence following laser enucleat.on of t.e prost.t.by comparing en-bloc and non-en-bloc t.chniques in a mult.cent.rseries of 5068 men wit. BPH.

关键词： urinary incont.nence t.ansient